定語從句知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖解

1、定語從句知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖解定語從句知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖解概念：定語可以由形容詞，名詞，代詞，分呼，不定式以及介詞短語 等來擔(dān)任，也可以由一個句子來充當(dāng)，充當(dāng)定語功能的句子稱為定語從指人的先行詞（的名詞或代詞指物的先行厚個句子所敘述的事情。test, which surprises all of us.替代前面的先行詞1 .先行詞：被定語從句所修飾先行詞還可以是前面整He has passed the driving （which替代前面所敘述的事情） 先行詞（替代作用）詞的作用 連接主句和定悟從句（連接作用）在定語從句中作句子成分（成分作用）/ 定語從句“三要素”2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語的詞標(biāo)準(zhǔn):根據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句

2、中做的句子成分種類關(guān)系詞的分類關(guān)系代詞：在從句中做主，賓，表，定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as )關(guān)系副詞：在從句中作狀語(When/where/why)3.定語從句：用來做定語，修飾限定先行詞的句子。限制性定語從句：對先行詞起限定修飾作用our school.He is a teacher who works at定語從句的分類 非限制性定語從句：對先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用（先行詞與定語從句之間有逗號隔1Beijing, which is the capitalof China, is a beautiful city with a long history.in t

3、he same company.in the same company比較：He has two sons, who work (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work(Perhaps he has two more sons)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語She is thegirl (whom / that) I loved before.(可以省略 whom/that)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語'L關(guān)系代詞的省略 He is nolonger the boy (that) he used to be.(可以省略 that)關(guān)系代詞

4、限定性定語從句作介詞賓語，存詞在從句句尾時可以省略HousingHousing占八、price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.:price is a problem in which people are interested.此時只能用which且不能省略） 以疑問詞who開頭的句子中 定 語 從 句、幾Who is the man that is shouting there?關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時用that的情況She is not the girl that she used to be先行詞被 the very

5、, the right, the only 修飾This is the very person that we are looking for.2.先行詞是人that/who 的 區(qū) 別ait at thegate of the school.個用who用who的情況在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中There are many young men who are against him在非限定性定語從句當(dāng)中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.在非限定性定語從句reatly中.he lost the game, which depre

6、ssed he。關(guān)系詞置于介詞之后，作賓語.The pen with which you write is Jack s.用which的情先行詞是不定代詞如 all, little, few much,/3.先行 詞 是anything, everything, nothing, none, no one 等that / which 的 區(qū)She did all that she could to help us.This is the very book that I want.先行詞中既有人又有物時She described in her compositions the people a

7、nd用that的情況the places that impressed her most.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I ve ssence I came here.當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞 which,另一個用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?As既可以引導(dǎo)從 心 心 Jas. 像.一樣 the same干 “以玄 Such/so.:.as和同樣的A computer isso

8、 useful a machine as We can use everyday.4. As引導(dǎo)定語從He is not thesame man as he was.語從句，此時句的用法等?？梢苑旁诰涫?，句中或句末引導(dǎo)非限制性定譯為“正如，像”As I remember,there were a net bar here.Taiwan is aninseparable part of China, as is known to all.the same as和the same that引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別This is the same bike that_I_lostyesterday.（同一

9、事物）This is the same bike as 110st yesterday. （同類事物）'When在定語從句中做時間狀語，先行詞為表示時間的time, day等Istillremember the day when I first came to Beijing. （when=on which）Where在定語 從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語）先行詞為表地點(diǎn)的place, spot等the office where he works?（where :句中做原因狀語，先行詞只有reason.5.關(guān)系副詞的運(yùn)用listen to any reason why you were absent

10、. （why應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞Can you tell me =in which） Why在定語從I don't want to=for which） 1關(guān)系副詞=相 W5il.pase（情 形）situation IP疝What are the situations . where .bqdy language is the中做狀語時的三種引導(dǎo)方式that / in which /which / that / 不填 heexplains the sentence tp which /that/ 不填 he told to us was quite simple.way在定語中作tel

11、H的賓語）This is the first I time that the6.幾個特殊 president »only_form _ of Communication 黑耨蒯下 鄒津楠。: in which用way在定語從句二 Theway.Teemusjs_gu較招犧e先一s visited the countime法嘲1系訶 whenThis w a set i m e,DO- ier-e-DEO-ne-s -O-I -DD T2 .s-ersduringreason why/for which/that/ 不填w i ch在he can not come here. 較丁 I

12、s this the/which/explained us for absence from"he o njstheconference. owon 雷曹就ainThis is theThis is the褊腿番詞I rememberI remember根據(jù)整個句book on which I spent $ 8.book for which I paid $ 8.the days during which I lived there.the day on which I graduate4 fromunive斜場子所表達(dá)的意思來決定,Thecolorless gas without

13、 which we can t live is called'oxygen. 強(qiáng)調(diào)某一名詞，不定式前面也可以加上關(guān)系代詞。 英中為money with which to buy the piano.right person on whom to depend.嗇片移，關(guān)系代詞可以省略t) you will write to is Todd.篦輯前如Here is theShe is the 注意：I如果介p esonjwhom/who/tha1OThen有些含有產(chǎn)isl fc|r/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about dea

14、l wi the baby that you will look after.句1r當(dāng)先行詞是one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，定譚從句的位于動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 The Great Wall -1is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor8.定語從句 的every year.主謂一致當(dāng)先行詞是theonly + one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句 謂語用單數(shù)形 式The Great Wallis |the only on。ofthebuildingsonthe earth that |is seen from the moo

15、n.先行詞如果是 整個句子，定語 從句的謂語動 詞用單數(shù)Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.V定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為-ing或-ed形式、9.定語從句的 The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwan.轉(zhuǎn)化I love the stories(which were) written by Hemingway.The man(whostan

16、ds) standing there is my friend.10.定語從句的解題方法museumyou visited a few days ago?Is this themuseum the exhibitionwas held ?A. whereD.B. that C.on whichwhat注意：I .關(guān)系代詞whose的用法。Whose在定語從句中做定語當(dāng)先行詞是人：whose = the + 名詞 + of whom當(dāng)先行詞是物： whose = the + 名詞 + of whichDo you know the boy whose parents / the parents

17、of whom are on holiday?I'd like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.H .That引導(dǎo)定語從句，名詞性從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別定語從句中的that:關(guān)系代詞，在后面的定語從句中 做句子成分。名詞性從句中的that:從屬連詞，只起連接主從句的作 用，在從句中不 做句子成分。判斷標(biāo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的that,運(yùn)用于it is/wasthat.結(jié)構(gòu);準(zhǔn)：去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)句 型結(jié)構(gòu)，成分仍 然完整。This is the book thatI am lookinfor.（that引導(dǎo)定語從句）It is a

18、t Bashu middle school that I have studiedfor three yearsall of us.（that和前面的 it is構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào) 句型）The fact that he stole the money surprised all ofus.（that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句-同位 語從句）That he will come to the conference has excited（that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句-主語從句）We all expect that they win, for members of their team are stronger. （that

19、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句-賓語從句）The reason for your failure is that you lackconfidence in yourself（that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句-表語從句）定語從句練習(xí)題:1. They will fly to Washington, or three一they plan to stay for two B. thereC. which D. when2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control.A. most o

20、f them B. most of which C. most of whatA. wD. most of that,3. I will give you my friend home address, reached most evenings.A. which B. whenC. whom D. where4. All the neighbors admire this family,the parents are-一 ”child like a friend.I can betreating theirA. whyighb childB. whereC. which5. Villager

21、s here depend on the fishing industry, won t be much work.D. that thereA. where whichB. thatC. by whichD. without6. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example.A. for which B. in whichC. of whichD.from which7. We went through a period communications

22、 were very difficult in the rural areas.A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with8. We shouldn t spend our money testing so many people, most of _ _ are healthy.A. that B. whichC.9. Last week, only two people came wanted to buy it.A. noneD. neith,whatD. whomto ook at the house,em B. both of them whomC. non

23、e of whom10. It is reported that two schools, are being built in my home town, will open next year.A. they both B. which both C. both of themD. both of which11. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,can be very eye-opening andrewarding.A. who B. whichC. whatD.

24、that12. Look out! Don t get too close to the house roof is unc repair.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. what13. We saw several natives advancing towards our of them came up to us. we gave some bell A. to whichB. to whomC. wi，and oneglasses.D. with which14. Many children , _ _ parents are away working in

25、 big cities , are taken good care of in the village.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom15. 一What do you think of teaching, 一 I find it fun and challeng n something serious buA. whereB. whichD. thatig, Bob ?g. I? is a jobjt interesting：you are doing C. when16. The house I grew up replaced by an of

26、fice building.A. in itB. inD. in which 17. She brought met before.A. them_D. thesehas been taken down andC. in thatwith her three friends, none ofI had everB. whoC. whom18.Whenever I met her, with a sweet smile.A. whowas fairly often, she greeted me19.LiB t螂ke a long race beyond ourselves.B. whichC.

27、whenwe compete with others to go.why D. whereB. what20. That is such a well-known place,C. thateveryone wants to visitA. that; which B. as; as C. that; that D. as; that2012高考英語單選題分類匯編定語從句【2012全國卷 II】8. That evening,I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. that B. which C. wh

28、at D. when【2012 安徽】 29. A lot of language learning,has beendiscovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. asB. itC.whichD. this【2012 重慶】29. Sales director is a position communication ability is just as important as sales skills

29、.A. which B. that C. when D. where【2012 北京】26. When deeply absorbed in work,he oftenwas, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A. thatB. whichC.whereD. whenis shown in theB. it【2012 福建】23. The air quality in the city, report, has improved over the past two months.A. thatC. asD. what【2012 陜西】1

30、4. It is the third time that she has won the race, has surprised us all.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what【2012 山東】23. Maria has written two novels, both of havebeen made into television series.whichA. themD. whatB. thatC.evenA. whatB. in whatC.【2012 湖南】34. Care of the soul is a gradual process the smal

31、l details of life should be considered.whichA. whoB. whoseC. whomD. in which【2012 天津】7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.D. which【2012 江西】28. By 16:30,was almost closing time,nearlyall the paintings had been sold.A. whichB. whenC. whatD. that【2012四川】13. I

32、n our class there are 46 students,halfwear glasses.A. in whomB.n themC. of whomD. of them【2012浙江】9. We live in an agemore information isavailable with greater ease than ever before.to whomA. whyD. on whichB. whenC.【2012 浙江】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of natureB. whofor some reason, had with

33、drawn from all human society.A. whichC. whereD. whom【2012 江蘇】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in thatB. whoarea, urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. whichC. whereD. what練習(xí)、定語從句一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句：1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.2. The man is in th

34、e next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.4. The students will not pass the exam . They don5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.7. The play was wonderful. We sa

35、w it last night.8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.12. That ' s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.n b een13. This is

36、the boy. His sister is a famous singer.14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework have handed in.15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fiel

37、ds.18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.、根據(jù)句子意思，在第一個空白處填入介詞，在第二個填入關(guān) 系代詞 whom 或 which:1. The person _ I spoke just n

38、ow is themanager that I told you about：2. The pencil he was writing broke.3. Wu Dong,一 I went to the concert, enjoyedit very much.4. The two things_ Marx was not sure werethe grammar and some of the idioms of English.5. Her bag, she put all her books, has not been found.6. The stories about the Long

39、 March, this isone example, are well written.答案 1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don' study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the p

40、ark is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl

41、whose brother works in this shop. 12. That ' she child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boywhose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boywhose homework hasn ' t been handed in.15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live i

42、n a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5.in