初中英語(yǔ)詞組詳細(xì)解析

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.3. amount, number（介詞詞組：后面都要加of）amount 后接不可數(shù)名詞，number 后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of stude

2、nts4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音（還可以作動(dòng)詞），voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片（復(fù)數(shù)：后面加s），picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫(huà)的畫(huà)Let's go and see a good pict

3、ure.=Lets go and see a good film.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量(有點(diǎn)總概括的意味)，word 具體的單詞 He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 人口，人數(shù)（這個(gè)單詞本身就含有復(fù)數(shù)的意思），people 具體的人 China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate 長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good

4、 for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 課程(可包括多門科目)，subject 科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course12. custom, habitcustom 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接 to do，habit 生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接 of doing.I've go

5、t the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用來(lái)解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises 練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)。Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“課”解時(shí)，兩者可以替換

6、。指課文用 lesson. 指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用 class. Lesson 6; Class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech 指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō)，talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on 17. officer, officialofficer 部隊(duì)的軍官，official 政府官員 an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)，job 可數(shù) a good job。19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或

7、動(dòng)物，pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry 側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation 指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state 側(cè)重指政府，政體，land 國(guó)土，國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook 廚師，cooker 廚具 He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesdamage 不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失; damages 復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金 $900 damages23. police, p

8、olicemanpolice 警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioningeveryone in the house.24. problem, questionproblem 常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為 think about, solve, raise，question 常和疑問(wèn)連系，多和ask, answer 連用。25. man, a manman 人類，a man 一個(gè)男人 Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken 還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The

9、 chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram 指具體的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip29. sport, gamesport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game 指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is sw

10、imming.30. price, prizeprice 價(jià)格，prize 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.31. a number of, the number ofa number of 許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of 的數(shù)目，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number ofstudents is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the roo

11、m sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day 每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的，of a day 暫時(shí)的，不長(zhǎng)久的 a famous scientist of the day34. three of us, the three of usthree of us 我們(不止三個(gè))中的三個(gè)，the three of us 我們?nèi)齻€(gè)(就三個(gè)人)The three of us- Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus 表范圍 T

12、hey went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，for the moment 暫時(shí)，一時(shí) Thinking for a moment, he agreed.37. next year, the next yearnext year 明年，將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，the next year 第二年，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year

13、一年多，more than one year 超過(guò)一年(兩年或三年等)39. take advice, take the(one's) advicetake advice 征求意見(jiàn)，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air 傳播，走漏，take the air 到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word 總之，一句話， in words

14、 口頭上 In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of 代替，in the place of 在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語(yǔ);in the secret 知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語(yǔ) My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one

15、girla girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl 一個(gè)女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair 相當(dāng)于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of 管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of 由照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter i

16、s in the charge of her.51. in class, in the classin class 在課上，in the class 在班級(jí)里 He is the best student in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon fire 著火, on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.53. out of question, out of the questionout of question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的，out of the question 不可能

17、的54. a second, the seconda second 又一，再一，the second 第 He won the second prize.55. by day, by the dayby day 白天，by the day 按天計(jì)算 The workers are paid by the day.56. the people, a peoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57. it, oneit 同一物體，one 同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to b

18、uy a new one.58. that, thisthat 指代上文所提到的，this 導(dǎo)出下文所要說(shuō)的 I was ill. That's why .59. none, nothing, no onenone 強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one 強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒(méi)有，nothing 指物，no one 指人- How many / How much ? - None.60. anyone, any oneanyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人物均可，可接 of any one of you61. who, whatwho 指姓名或關(guān)系，what 指職業(yè)或地位 Wha

19、t is your dad? He is a teacher.62. what, whichwhat 的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無(wú)限制的，which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?63. other, anotherother 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another 后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student64. not a little, not a bitnot a little 非常，not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。65. many, much,

20、 a lot ofmany 和可數(shù)名詞連用，much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句I haven't many books.66. much more than, many more thanmuch more than 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more than 后接可數(shù)名詞 many morepeople, much more water, much more beautiful67. no, notno = not a/any no friend = not a/any friend no water = not any wate

21、r68. no more than, not more thanno more than 相當(dāng)于 only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過(guò)69. majority, mostmajority 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most 可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfby oneself 單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.7

22、1. at all, after allat all 根本，全然, after all 到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.72. tall, hightall 常指人或動(dòng)物，high 常指物體 He is tall.73. fast, quicklyfast 側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly 側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快run fast, answer the question quickly74. high, highlyhigh 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of75. healthy, healthfulhe

23、althy 健康的，健壯的，healthful 有益于健康的 healthful exercise76. sleeping, asleep, sleepysleeping 正在睡覺(jué)，asleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.77. gold, goldengold 指真金制品，golden 指金色的，但金魚(yú)用 gold fish, a gold ring78. most, mostlymost 用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于 very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，

24、mostly 大部分，是副詞 most people, the people are mostly 79. just, veryjust 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，very 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語(yǔ) the very man, just the man80. wide, broadwide 側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad 側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders81. real, truereal 真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合real gold, a true story82. respectful, respect

25、ablerespectful 尊敬，有禮貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward 還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage84. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant 常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased, pleasing 常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased 主語(yǔ)常為人，pleasing 主語(yǔ)常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85. understanding, under

26、standableunderstanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的an understanding girl, an understandable mistake86. close, closelyclose 接近，靠近，closely 緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close87. ill, sickill 做表語(yǔ)，sick 定，表均可 a sick boy88. good, wellgood 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.89. quiet, silent

27、, stillquiet 安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent 不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still 完全不動(dòng)，完全無(wú)聲響He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說(shuō)話。90. hard, hardlyhard 努力，hardly 幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.91. able, capableable 與不定式 to do 連用，capable 與 of 連用 He is capable of doing 92. almost, nearly二者均為“幾乎,差不多”和否定詞連用用 almost almost nobod

28、y93. late, latelylate 遲，晚，lately 最近，近來(lái) I haven't seen him lately.94. living, alive, live, livelyliving, alive, live 均為活著的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語(yǔ)后置，live 只能做定語(yǔ)，lively 意為活波的 all the living people = all the people alive95. excited, excitingexcited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is

29、 exciting.96. deep, deeplydeep 具體的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep97. aloud, loudaloud 出聲地，loud 大聲地 read aloud (出聲地讀)98. worth, worthy二者均為值得，worth 后接 doing，worthy 后接 to be done126. care about, care forcare about 關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for 關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意He doesn't care about his clothes. I

30、don't care for movies.99  catch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold 不能和表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用，而 have a cold 可以She has had a cold for a week.100. change for, change intochange for 調(diào)換成，change into 變成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.101. continue, last二者均為持續(xù)，continue 主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last 只

31、能用主動(dòng)The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.102. feed, raisefeed 喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to)，raise 飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children)raise the family103. go for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor 去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生，go to a doctor 去看病104. notice, observe, catch sight ofnotice 注意

32、到，observe 觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of 突然看到 observe the stars105. insist on, stick toinsist on 堅(jiān)持要求，后常接 doing, stick to 堅(jiān)持, 后常接 sth., stick to the plan106. look, seem, appearlook 指從外表上看，seem 指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear 指給人以表面的印象 appear wise,look like his father107. gather, collectgather 把分散的東西集中到一起，collect 指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收

33、集 collect stamps108. mean to do, mean doingmean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味著B(niǎo)y this I mean giving the students more practice.109. die from, die ofdie from 表示死于(槍)傷，虛弱，過(guò)度勞累，飲食過(guò)度等，die of 表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold110. pay for, pay back, pay offpay for 為付錢，pay back 還錢，但不一定還清，pay off 還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt111. divide, separatedivide 把一個(gè)整體分成幾部分，separate 把連在一起的個(gè)體分開(kāi)divide the apple, separate the houses112. arrive, get, reacharrive 不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，g