英語初高銜接課10---狀語從句

1、OverviewLead inI . TalkingTopic: what are the disadvantages of smart phones?A smart phone is probably best described as a hybrid of a cell phone and a personal computer. The ability to access the Internet from anywhere allows users to perform work outside the bounds of a physical office and to remai

2、n perpetually in touch through social networks. While this ability gives users the potential to be more productive, it also carries some unique disadvantages as well.1. Small screen sizeSmartphone screens generally measure just a few inches wide and in length. Accessing websites and email from small

3、 screens involves extensive scrolling to view all the information, and may be difficult for those with poor eyesight.2. High costMost cell phone providers require users to sign long-term contracts. Internet access is provided at an additional cost, raising the cost of owninga smart phone to $70 to $

4、100 or more per month, depending on the terms of the contract.3. Work-life balanceThe small size, light-weight factor and portability of smart phones allow them to be carried at all times, which make it difficult for some people to designate a clear delineation between work life and home life. Frequ

5、ent checking of email and internet applications takes time and attention away from interpersonal relationships.Discuss in group:1. Can you share us with other disadvantages of smart phones?2. Do you know the three most unpopular icons that are very famous on the Internet of a smart phone?3. Is there

6、 any disadvantage that you can't bear of your smart phone?n . ListeningListen to Avril Lavigne 的 When You Are Gone ,填空 并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。I always needed time on my own我真的需要一些 獨處的時間I never thought I'd need you there when I cry我從未期待當我哭泣時，你能陪在我身邊And the days feel like years when I'm alone 你不在的日子，我度日如

7、年And the bed where you lie is made up on your side 你睡過的床，沒了你，不再溫暖When you walk away I count the steps that you take 當你離開時，我默默地數(shù)著你留下的腳印 Do you see how much I need you right now? 你知道我現(xiàn)在有多么需要你嗎？When you're gone, the pieces of my heart are missing you自從你離開后，我那破碎的心就不停的想著你When you're gone, the fac

8、e I came to know is missing too自從你離開以后，你那熟悉的面孔就總在我腦海里浮現(xiàn)When you're gone, the words I need to hear to always get me through the day and make it OK自從你離開后，我渴望聽到你的聲音，讓我堅強的走過這段日子I miss you 我想，我太思念你了I haven't felt this way before 我從未有過這種感受Everything that I do reminds me of you我做的每件事都會讓我想起你And the

9、clothes you left, they lie on the floor你留下的衣服，還靜靜地躺在地上And they smell just like you I love the things that you do它們帶著你的氣味，讓我回憶起你的一切When you walk away I count the steps that you takeDo you see how much I need you right now?When you're gone, the pieces of my heart are missing youWhen you're gon

10、e, the face I came to know is missing tooWhen you're gone, the words I need to hear to always get me through the day and make it OK I miss youWe were made for each other, out here forever, I know we were我們?yōu)楸舜硕?，永遠相互等待，我堅信著All I ever wanted was for you to know 我多么想讓你知道Everything I do I give my he

11、art and soul I can hardly breathe I need to feel you here with me Yeah我用心地做每件事卻無法驅(qū)趕沒有你在身邊的痛苦，我真的需要你回到我的身邊！When you're gone, the pieces of my heart are missing you自從你離開后，我那破碎的心就不停的想著你When you're gone, the face I came to know is missing too自從你離開以后，你那熟悉的面孔就總在我腦海里浮現(xiàn)When you're gone, the word

12、s I need to hear will always get me through the day and make it OK自從你離開后，我渴望聽到你的聲音，那將讓我堅強的走過這段日子I miss you我真的好想念你PresentationI .狀語（adverbial modifier ）狀語：用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，一般由副詞、介詞短語、不定式短語或從句充當。單個副詞作狀語一般放在被修飾詞之前，短語或從句放在句首或句末。如：Thank you very much.（副詞表示程度）The old man is walking slowly.（副詞表示方式）He usual

13、ly gets up at six.（副詞表示時間）We all work here.（副詞表示地點）I get up at five in the morning .（介詞短語表示時間 ）He is studying hard so as to catch up with others.（不定式短語）We were having breakfast when the telephone rang.（從句）【注意】程度副詞 enough置于形容詞或副詞之后，名詞之前。e.g. He is old enough to go to school.Please get enough food for

14、 me.Ex:挑出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am af

15、raid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.Keys: on her face. Every night when he was eleven. too fast. With the medicine box under her arm because she loves books. if you ' ve lost it to see the other machine.n .狀語從句（adverbial

16、 clause ）狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。按其意義和作用可分為時間、 地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等多種。1) 時間狀語從句常用連接詞： when, as, while, as soon as, since, till, until, after, before.1)主將從現(xiàn)：如果句中主句用將來時，則時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g. I will tell him about it when he come.The children ran away from the orchard as soon as they saw the guard.I di

17、dn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.2) when, while, as均表示"當?shù)臅r候“，有區(qū)別。when指一個時間點(段)或持續(xù)的動作；while只能表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)，不能表示短暫的動作。while有時還有對比含義，意為“而”。as多用于口語中，強調(diào)“同一時間”或“一前一后”，有時還有“伴隨”的意思。e.g.我正在沿街走路，突然有人拍了下我的肩膀。I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on t

18、he shoulder.約翰在看電視的時候，他的妻子在做飯。While John was watching TV , his wife was cooking.隨著春天的到來，花朵競相開放。As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.3) exercises:(1) Your cousin will be a government official by the time he(be) thirty. 答案：is.(2) I don ' t know if the musician will get married to

19、the politician as they have planned, but if they(do), I will let you know. 答案：do.(3) The coach won't forgive the gymnast unless she(tell) him the truth. 答案：tells.(4) It will be centuries before this idea true.(come) 答案：comes.(5) Mother told me not to go to the cinema until I(do) my lessons. 答案：h

20、ad done.原因狀語從句常用連接詞： because, since, as.引導的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之后，表示直接原因，語氣最強，最適合回 答why引導的疑問句，如I do it because I like it.I didn ' go, because I am afraid.2 ) since |引導的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之前,表示對方已知的、無須加以說明的既成 事實的理由，通常被翻譯成“既然” ，語氣比because弱，如：Since you are free today, you had better help me with my English.Since

21、you are ill, I will go alone.Since everybody has come, let 'begin our conference.3)同引導的原因狀語從句表示十分明顯的原因，一般說明因果關(guān)系，常放在句首，語氣比since弱,意為“由于"。如：As Tom knows French, he'd better do the talkingAs the weathers so bad, we have to delay our journey.3 .比較狀語從句：主要運用于形容詞副詞的原級、比較級和最高級的句子之中。幫你歸納常用連接詞：as,

22、 than1)原級as-as和一樣Maths is as important as English.Li Lei can speak English as fluently as a native speaker.(2) not so(as)as不如那樣A dolphin is not soas dangerous as a shark.She doesn't seem as outgoing as her sister.2) 比較級：more/less- than 更This book is more instructive than that one.這本書比那本書更有教育意義。I

23、t is more expensive to travel by plane than by train.3)最高級(1) the most inofThis book is the most attractive of the three.介詞in和of引導的短語用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)時所表達的范圍有所不同；如果在一定的地域空間內(nèi)進行比較用in;如果在同一類事物范圍內(nèi)進行比較用of:Tom lives the farthest from the school in our class.Jack is the tallest of the five boys.(2) the +形容詞最高級+ n.+ o

24、finThis road is the busiest street in our city.one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數(shù)"之一"Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.4)條件狀語從句常用連接詞：if, unless, 其中 unless=if not1) if引導的條件狀語從句主句大多用一般將來時，而從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時來代替一般將來時，即我們通常所說的 將從現(xiàn)He will make more progress if he keeps working carefully.If he works

25、 hard, he will pass the final exam in six months.注意：主句與從句的位置可以互換，當從句在前時，從句和主句之間用逗號分開，主句在前時，則可以不用逗號。2) unless引導的條件狀語從句，相當于if not-I can t help you unless you tell me what s wrong.Unless you go there early, there wont be much aci hai acecoegettFocused practiceI . Fill in the blanks with the correct con

26、junctions.1. I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.2. It ' s a long time we met last.3. I didn ' t watch TV I finished my work.4. Please write to me you reach Shanghai.5. He will wait the rain stops.6. Cars and buses must stop the traffic lights are red.7. we were on hol

27、iday, we spent too much money.8. You won ' t know the value of the health you lose it.9. I will give her the message she comes back.10. the teacher came into the classroom, many students were talking to each other.11. I had played the piano, I began to play table tennis with my mother.12. I did

28、my project, I had got much information about it.13. they reached the station, the train had already left.14. mother got home, I had tidied my room.15. We had arrived it started raining.1. When 2. since 3. until 4. as soon as 5. until 6. before 7. while 8. until9. as soon as 10. when 11. after 12. be

29、fore 13. when 14. before 15. before n . Translate the following sentences into English.1 .你將錯過公交車的，除非你走快點。You will miss the bus unless you walk more quickly.2 .我妹妹一收到信息就到我家來了。My sister came to my home as soon as she got my message.3 .房子里一定沒有人，因為門是鎖著的。There must be no one in the house for the door is

30、 closed.4 .你不應該因為有人說你的壞話就大發(fā)脾氣。You shouldn ' t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.5 .當世界上其他國家的人們還在捕獵時，中國的農(nóng)民已經(jīng)在從事農(nóng)業(yè)科學研究了。While people in other countries were trying to catch animals, farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture.in . Complete the following passage by

31、 using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. because B. different C. ancient D. manage E. outside F. used G. After H. sit I. early J. started K. beginWhat was school like in ancient times? In Greece, 2,500 years ago, students to get

32、up at dawn to go to school. Classes began very and ended when it was dark. Students didn rest on the weekends. They had classes seven days a week, so they didn ' have much time for anything else. In Athens, only the sons of rich people went to school, and they school around the age of seven. the

33、y learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poems and historical works. Music was very important, and physical training was also important. Teachers used to hit students who didn' t pay attention or were lazy. Girls stayed at home with their mothers and learned how to do housework in t

34、he home.In Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual 雙語）education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes , if the weather was good, or in the teacher 'house. Young students sat on the floor. Older students used to on benches, higher up. That '

35、s how " high school " got its name.Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. Boys and girls used to attend school, but they were kept in classes. They learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals, but they memorized t己住）everything there weren ' a ny textbooks. The boys

36、 received intensive military training, and the girls learned how to the home and the family. There were two kinds of schools: one for children of rich families and another for children of ordinary families.Keys: FI J G C E H B A DHome AssignmentI . Complete the following passage by using the words i

37、n the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. after B. enterC. read D. memoryE. pressingF. taken G. puzzled1. later I. cleverer J. leaving K. clearAndrew Engel was puzzled. He was sitting in class, but had no idea what the other students were talking a

38、bout. He had done his homework, paid attention to lectures, and notes, but nothing was familiar. " Everyoneis so much than I am,“ he thought. It was a strange feeling, as he was always a good student in high school.He felt even more a few days later. He got lost on his way to his favourite cine

39、ma. What' s worse, he began having trouble finding the right words when speaking. He asked, for dinner, Mom? he had just eaten. Poor Andrew, he was only 15!His parents were worried and took Andrew to see a doctor. A brain scan （掃描） made it : Andrew had a malignant brain tumor（ 惡性月齒腫瘤 ）.It was on

40、 the part of the brain that makes new memory. He should be operated on as soon as possible. Andrew was scared!Doctors removed the tumor, but Andrew ' snemory was still poor. He was told he would probably never go back to school. Andrew was eager to a university, but it seemed that his dream woul

41、dn ' t come true.“Everthough they told me this, I knew I wanted to go back to school, Andrew said. "I wanted to get my back.” Andrew began by auditing（旁聽）an English class at a nearby school. In class, he took notes carefully and his notes several times a day, then typed them again and again

42、. He studied twelve hours a day, seven days a week. He worked ten times harder than other students. In 2007, at age 29, he graduated from a local university. Six months , Andrew found a job. Keys: F I G A K E B D C Hn . Reading comprehensionI had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently-

43、one who works for you. In fact, he's one of your best reporters. He wants to leave.Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues, approaches

44、 them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. I'm sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment, and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he s

45、aid. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility you've given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.So why is he looking for a way out?He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged,

46、 and coached to new heights.The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is. He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into

47、great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it?So your reporter has set me thi

48、nking.Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists-everyone-is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can.2. What does the writer think of the reporter?A. Opti

49、mistic.B. Imaginative.C. Ambitious.D. Proud.3. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?A. Finding the news value of his stories.B. Giving him financial support.C. Helping him to find issues.D. Improving his good ideas.4. Who probably wrote the letter?A. An editor.B. An artis

50、t.C. A reporter.D. A reader.5. The letter aims to remind editors that they should .A. keep their best reporters at all costsB. give more freedom to their reportersC. be aware of their reporters' professional developmentD. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudes Keys: CDACin .Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits ea