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1、英語中的插入語 插入語一般對(duì)一句話作一些附加的說明。它是中學(xué)英語語法的重點(diǎn),也是高考的 考點(diǎn)。通常與句中其它部分沒有語法上的聯(lián)系,將它刪掉之后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。 插入語在句中有時(shí)是對(duì)一句話的一些附加解釋、說明或總結(jié);有時(shí)表達(dá)說話者的態(tài)度 和看法;有時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用;有時(shí)是為了引起對(duì)方的注意;還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說明 事由的作用;也可以承上啟下,使句子銜接得更緊密一些。掌握這一語言現(xiàn)象不僅有 利于對(duì)英語句子等的理解,還有利于提高寫作等的水平。插入語的類型較多,常見的 如下幾種:一、形容詞(短語)作插入語。 能用作插入語的形容詞(短語)常見的有: true , wonderful ,excellen

2、t ,strange to say ,most important of all , sure enough 等。 如: True ,it would be too bad.真的,太糟了。 Wonderful ,we have won again.太好了,我們又贏了。Strange to say , he hasn 'tgot my letter up to now.說來也奇怪,他到現(xiàn)在還沒有收到我的信。Most important of all ,we must learn all the skills.最重要的是,我們必須掌握所有的技巧。二、副詞(短語)作插入語。 能用作插入語的副

3、詞(短語)有: indeed , surely , still ,otherwise ,certainly ,however ,generally , personally ,honestly ,fortunately , luckily ,though , besides ,exactly ,perhaps , maybe ,probably ,frankly ,or rather 等。 如: When he got to there , he found , however , that the weather was too bad. 可是到了那兒之后他發(fā)現(xiàn), 那兒的天氣太壞了。 Oth

4、erwise ,he would still be at home. 不然的話,他還會(huì)在家的。三、介詞短語作插入語。 能用作插入語的介詞短語有:in fact ,in one 's opinion ,in general , in a word , in other words , in a few words , of course , by the way , as a result , for example , on the contrary , on the other hand , to one 's surprise , in short , as a matte

5、r of fact , in conclusion , in brief 等。 如: You can 't wait anymore-in other words, you should start at once.你不能再等了 換言之,你得立即出發(fā)。On the contrary , we should strengthen our corporation with them.相反,我們應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)和他們的合作。四、V-ing (短語)作插入語。 能用作插入語的 V-ing (短語)常見的有: generally speaking , strictly speaking , judgin

6、g from by , talking of , considering 等。 如: Generally speaking , the weather there is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer. 一般來說, 那兒的氣候冬天不太冷, 夏天不太熱。 Judging by his clothes , he may be an artist.從衣著來判斷,他可能是個(gè)藝術(shù)家。五、不定式短語作插入語。 能用作插入語的不定式短語有:to be frank ,to be honest ,to be sure , to tell you

7、the truth , to make matters worse, to sum up , to start with ,to begin with 等。 如: To be frank , I don 't quite agree with you.坦率地說,我不太同意你的意見。To tell you the truth, I'm not so interested in the matter.跟你說實(shí)話, 我對(duì)這件事情的興趣不大。 To sum up ,success results from hard work. 總而言之,成功是艱苦努力的結(jié)果。六、句子(陳述句和一般疑問

8、句)作插入語。 能用作插入語的句子有:I am sure ,I believe ,I think ,I know ,I suppose ,I hope ,I'm afraid , you see , what 's more , that is to say , as we know , as I see , believe it or not 等。 如: Some animals only half-hibernate , that is to say , their sleep is not such a deep one. 有些動(dòng)物 只是半冬眠,就是說,它們的睡眠并不是深

9、度睡眠。I believe , China will catch upwith the developed countries sooner or later.我確信,中國遲早會(huì)趕上發(fā)達(dá)國家。He can 't pass the exam , because he doesn 't study hard. What 's more ,he isn 'tso clever. 他不能通過這次考試,因?yàn)樗麑W(xué)習(xí)不認(rèn)真,更何況他又不太聰明。插入語的應(yīng)用 插入語(句)是說話者對(duì)所表達(dá)意思的補(bǔ)充、強(qiáng)調(diào)、解釋或者說話的態(tài)度,其位置靈活, 常常用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與其他成分隔開, 并且

10、在語法上不影響其他成分。 例如:I think ,she has no feeling for your trouble. / She, I think , has no feeling foryour trouble.我想,她對(duì)你的遭遇無動(dòng)于衷。常見的插入語和插入句。1. 插入語常以副詞(副詞短語) 、形容詞(形容詞短語) 、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng) 詞短語等形式出現(xiàn)。( 1 )常見的副詞及短語: indeed , surely , however , obviously , frankly , naturally , luckily / happily for sb. certainly等。(

11、2 )常見的形容詞及短語: funny , needless to say (不用說) , most important of all 等。( 3 )常見的介詞短語: by the way , in a few words / in sum / in short (簡 而言之) , in other words , in general , in one's opinion / judgment(按照某人的意見) , in fact , in the first place , of course , to one's knowledge / surprise /4 )常見的現(xiàn)

12、在分詞短語:regret /satisfaction / mind / joy / disappointment等。strictly / generally / honestly / personally / exactly/ physically / speaking (嚴(yán)格地 /(根據(jù)判斷)等。( 5 )常見的動(dòng)詞不定式短語:般地 /坦誠地等)說; judging from / by to be sure (無疑地) , to sum up (概括地說), to tell the truthto be honestto be short , to conclude , to put it

13、briefly第 9 頁 共 9 頁to put it in another wayto begin ( start ) with 等。注意:上述單詞或短語作插入語和狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別。例如:1 ) Frankly , he'd like to listen to music. 副詞作插入語,表示說話人的態(tài)度)Here you should speak frankly.(副詞作狀語)( 2 ) True , your daughter is at home now.(形容詞作插入語)He came back , hungry and tired. (形容詞作狀語)( 3 ) Judging

14、from what he said, he does look down his elder brother.(現(xiàn)在分詞作插入語,其主語不是句中的主語,只是說話者的附加說明)Seeing from the window, he can see the lake. (現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,邏輯主語是句中的主語 he )( 4 ) To tell you the truth , he doesn't quite agree with this idea.(不定式作插入語,動(dòng)作主體不是句中的主語,只是說話者的附加說明)To buy the machine , he went to Beijing.

15、 (不定式作目的狀語,邏輯主語是句 中的主語 he )I think / hope /guess / know / believe / suppose say )(也就是說), I am sure (我可以肯定地說), it seems (看來是) , as I see it (照我看來) what's worse , what is important / serious(重要 / 嚴(yán)重的是) ,怕) , it is said (據(jù)說) , as we all know (眾所周知)等。插入句獨(dú)立性強(qiáng),一般用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)將其與其他句子成分隔開。應(yīng)當(dāng)特別注意疑問 句的插入句,它一般為倒裝語

16、序且無任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),而且整個(gè)疑問句應(yīng)當(dāng)保持陳述語 序。例如:that is ( towhat's more ,I'm afraid2. 插入句為簡短的、具有完整意義的句子。常見的插入句如下:? (被插入的疑問句原來為倒裝語序,插入被插入的疑問句原來就是陳述語序,不需要做( 1 ) What should I do first ? What do you think I should do first 后成為陳述語序)( 2 ) Who is singing ?Who do you think is singing? (調(diào)整)二 . 插入語(句)在試題中的應(yīng)用。1. 單項(xiàng)選擇。由

17、于插入語通常與句中其他成分沒有語法上的關(guān)系,命題者有意 在句中插入一個(gè)從句或插入語, 造成主謂分離, 給考生的理解帶來一定的困難和干擾。 例如: of great importance( 1 ) He made another wonderful discovery to science. (上海 1998 )A. which I think is B. which I think it isC. which I think it D. I think which is 分析:這是 一個(gè) 非限制 性定語 從句, which 在從句 中作主語,代替 the discovery . 做這類題目的方

18、法是先將插入語I think 去掉,然后再將句子還原成為He made another wonderful discovery, which is of great importance to science. 問題就迎刃而解了。正確答案: A .( 2 ) In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an importantfootball match. (上海 2001 )A. this B. thatC. there D. it分析:in fact 在句中實(shí)際擔(dān)當(dāng)插入語,只不過沒用逗號(hào)隔開,意思是 “實(shí)際上,對(duì)警察來說在一次

19、重大的足球比賽中,維持秩序是一項(xiàng)困難的工作 ”??崭袢菀装丫?子當(dāng)成 fact 的同位語從句而誤選 B . 正確答案: D( 3 ) Alice , you feed the birds today , ? But I fed it yesterday. (廣東 1999 )A. do you B. will youC. didn't you D. don't you分析:這是特設(shè)語境,插入語 Alice 暗示后面句子為帶主語的祈使句,正確答 案: B .( 4 ) Who do you think us a talk this afternoon ?A. to give B.

20、 gaveC. will give D. giving 分析: you think 是一個(gè)插入語,將其去掉。正確答案: C .( 5 ) Philip is a New Yorker , , he lives in New York.A. that is B. besidesC. after all D. in one word分析:直接選擇適合上下文語境的插入語。正確答案:A .2. 閱讀理解和完形填空。閱讀中出現(xiàn)大量插入語會(huì)增加理解障礙。熟練掌握插 入語,有利于分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),理解文章大意。例如:I , of course , like a bicyclebetter. It doesn&#

21、39;t cost me much , yet it brings me a lot of convenience. What's more , it doesn't pollute the air. Bicycles are really good friends of people's.3. 寫作。書面表達(dá)要求語言連貫、地道,恰當(dāng)使用插入語,可以給文章增色不 少。例如: Like most of my schoolmates , I have neither brothers nor sisters in other words , I am an only chi

22、ld. My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education. They do not want me to do any work at home ; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my subjects. We may be one family and live under the same ro

23、of,but we do not seem to get much time to talk together. It looks as if my parents regard me as a visitor or a guest. Do they really understand their own daughter?How things are in other homes, I wonder. ( NMET 2001 )強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練:I. 單項(xiàng)選擇:1. Mr. Anderson , _ I thought died three years ago, is still livingA.

24、who B. whomC. that D. which2. John plays football , if not be better than David.A. as well B. as well asC. so well D. so well as3. The truth , sir , is that the old man across the road when the carhit him.A. was to walkB. had been walkingC. walkedD. was walking4. The repair work of Angkor Watt would

25、 last at least ten years wascompleted within eight years.A. which people supposedB. which people supposed itC. which people supposed that isD. people supposed that5. He worked late last night , , early this morning.A. that is B. even worseC. or rather D. namely6. He must have believed, I think , I a

26、m a lazy boy.A. that B. / C. which D. what7. we all know, he was a famous writer.A. Which B. AsC. What D. /8. from the number of the cars, he thought , there weren't many peopleat the restaurant yet.A. Judging B. JudgedC. To judge D. Being judged9. What had to be finished before Friday ?A. they

27、say B. they saidC. did they say D. do they say10. He came home after midnight, and , he was drunk.A. even more B. very muchC. what's worse D. so much11. Mrs. Patti gave us another wonderful talk, of great importance toour English study.A. I think which is B. I think it isC. which I think is D. w

28、hich I think it of12. Paula refused the invitation to David's party the next week course made him puzzled.A. what B. whereC. when D. whichII. 完成句子。13. 嚴(yán)格說來,加拿大英語和美國英語不完全一樣。 , Canadian English is not the same as American English.14. 老實(shí)說,我不同意你的想法。 , I can't agree to your idea.15. 依我看來,青年人喜歡流行音

29、樂。 , young people enjoy pop music.Key :1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C11. C 12. D13. Strictly speaking 14. To be honest15. In my opinion / From my point 插入語六大用法小結(jié) 在英語學(xué)習(xí)中,插入語是一個(gè)比較重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。由于插入語是一種獨(dú)立成分, 通常與句中其他成分沒有語法上的關(guān)系,許多同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)過程中會(huì)有一定的困難。其 實(shí),插入語大都是對(duì)一句話進(jìn)行附加說明或解釋,通常由一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句 子構(gòu)成,常置于

30、句首、句中或句末,一般用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與句子隔開。下面舉例歸納 插入語的幾種用法。例1 the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.A.General speaking B.Speaking general C.Generally speaking D.Speaking generally 解析:本題答案為 C.generally speaking 為分詞短語,意思是 “一般來說 ”,在句 中用作插入語。小結(jié):許多分詞短語可以用作插入語,這樣的分詞短語有: 格地說) , generally considering (一般認(rèn)為) ,

31、judging等。例2 Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. swim.A.In fact B.LuckilyC.Unfortunately D.Naturallystrictly speaking (嚴(yán)from (根據(jù)判斷), neither of them could令人遺憾地,不巧,可惜解析:本題答案為 C.unfortunately 為副詞,意思是 在句中用作插入語。小結(jié):常用作插入語的副詞或副詞短語有:in deed (的確),surely (無疑),however(然而),frankly (坦率地說),obviously (顯然

32、),naturally (天然地),luckily ( happily )for sb.算某人幸運(yùn))f fortunately幸好) f strangely (奇怪) f briefly (簡單地說)等。'treach the required standard例3 Your performance in the driving test didn f you failed.A.in the end B.after allC.in other words D.at the same time解析:本題答案為C.in other words為介詞短語,意思是換句話說”,在句中用作插入語。

33、小結(jié):常用作插入語的介詞短語有:in conclusion (總之) , in a word (簡而言之), in short (簡而言之) , in general(一般說來) , in a sense (在某種意義上) , inmy view (在我看來) , in his opinion (按照他的看法) , in fact (事實(shí)上) , at first (首 先), in addition (此外) , of course (當(dāng)然) , to my surprise (使我驚奇的) , to her regret (使她遺憾的) , for example (例如)等。例4 It

34、is so nice to hear from her.we last met more than thirty years ago.A.What s more B.That is to sayC.In other words D.Believe it or not解析:本題答案為 D.believe it or not 為一分句,意思是 “信不信由你 ”,在句中 作插入語。小結(jié): 用簡短的句子結(jié)構(gòu)作插入語, 它們常置于句中或句末。 這類簡短的句子有:I am sure (我可以肯定地說),I believe (我相信) ,do you know (你知道嗎) ,you see(你明白) ,

35、I'm afraid (恐怕) , it is said (據(jù)說) , I suppose (我想) , what 's more (而且) , what 's worse (更糟糕的是) , that is (也就是說) , what is important (重 要的是)等。例5 with you ,I have no money to spare.A.To be frank B.What's moreC.In addition D.However解析:本題答案為 A.to be frank 為不定式短語,意思是 “坦率地說 ”,在句中用作 插入語。小結(jié):

36、常用作插入語的不定式短語有:to be sure (無疑地) , to sum up (概括地說), to tell the truth (老實(shí)說)等。例6 he should have done such a thing.A.Speaking general B.Strange to sayC.Luckily D.Of course解析:本題答案為 B.strange to say 為形容詞短語,意思是 “說也奇怪 ”,在句中 用作插入語。小結(jié):常用作插入語的形容詞或其短語有:true(真的),funny (真可笑),needlessto say (不用說) ,most important of all (最為重要) ,worse still (更糟糕的) ,even better (更好)等?!驹囶}設(shè)計(jì)】1. , he often forgot to turn off the lights.A.Even better B.Strange C.However D.Fortunately2.Gr

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