新視界綜合教程2 Unit 1 Reading_across_cultures

1、Reading across culturesReading across culturesLeading-inLeading-inRead the text quickly and identify the name for the following diagrams given by Robert Kaplan.Scanning A. English B. Slav C. Oriental D. Romance E. SemiticLeading-inLeading-inScanningFind out the expressions used to describe the thoug

2、ht patterns given by Robert Kaplan. EnglishSemiticOrientalRomanceSlavFeature Straight to the pointBacktracking and returning to the pointApproaching to the focus gradually as if moving around it in circlesStraying from the pointFrequently including irrelevant ideasRead the passage and answer the que

3、stions.1. What idea did Robert Kaplan have?2. Whose work was he looking at?3. Which students went “straight to the point” in their writing?4. Which students didnt? 5. Why was Kaplans idea criticized? 6. What can be said in favour of the idea? Reading comprehensionReading comprehensionclickclickclick

4、clickclickclickRead the passage and answer the questions.BackBackRobertKaplanthought that people from different cultures have different thought patterns. 1. What idea did Robert Kaplan have?Reading comprehensionReading comprehension2. Whose work was he looking at?BackBackHe was looking at the work o

5、f non-native students at his university in California. Reading comprehensionReading comprehension3. Which students went “straight to the point” in their writing?BackBackNative speakers of English.Reading comprehensionReading comprehension4. Which students didnt?BackBackNon-native English speakers.Re

6、ading comprehensionReading comprehension5. Why was Kaplans idea criticized?BackBackBecause it was thought to be too simplistic, based on insufficient evidence and was biased in favour of Kaplans own culture, assuming that it had the “most efficient” approach.Reading comprehensionReading comprehensio

7、n6. What can be said in favour of the idea?BackBackIt reminds us that mastering English requires understanding of a higher level of organization than the sentence level, and that people from different cultural backgrounds have different ways of communicating their ideas. Reading comprehensionReading

8、 comprehensionNew Words1. systematic2. origin3. illustrate4. criticism 5. simplisticNew WordsVocabularyVocabulary6. insufficient7. bias8. device9. figurative10. classify Phrases 1. put forward2. in favour of 3. in particularVocabularyVocabularyadj. done according to a careful plan and in a thorough

9、way 有系統(tǒng)的；有計(jì)劃的；有條理的例句例句翻譯翻譯釋義釋義systematicBackBack他們收集資料的方法條理性不夠。 The way theyve collected their data is not very systematic. WordsWords例句例句翻譯翻譯科學(xué)是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)分類。 Science is the systematic classification of experience. 例句例句翻譯翻譯釋義釋義1n. C, U (often pl) the country, race, or social situation that someone comes

10、from 出身；血統(tǒng) origin Thomas has not forgotten his humble origins. 她想掩蓋其上層階級(jí)的出身，但她的口音卻讓她露了餡兒。 WordsWordsShe tries to hide her upper-class origins, but her accent gives her away. 例句例句翻譯翻譯托馬斯沒(méi)有忘記自己卑微的出身。 The origin of the infection is still unknown. 傳染源依然不明。 釋義釋義2n. C the place or moment where something b

11、egins to exist 來(lái)源；起源；開(kāi)端例句例句翻譯翻譯origin WordsWordsBackBack真題真題The college can trace its origins back to the 18th century. 這所學(xué)院的淵源可追溯至18世紀(jì)。 例句例句翻譯翻譯One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins. (Jun. 1994, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)The process is illustrated in

12、 Figure 4. 該過(guò)程如圖4所示。 釋義釋義vt. to show what something is like, or show that something is true 舉例說(shuō)明；闡明；表明例句例句翻譯翻譯illustrate WordsWordsLet me give another example to illustrate this difficult point.我再舉個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明這一難點(diǎn)。 例句例句翻譯翻譯BackBack釋義釋義n. U comments that show that you think something is wrong or bad 批評(píng)；批判；

13、指責(zé)criticismBackBack例句例句翻譯翻譯Its not unusual for politicians to attract criticism. 政治家遭到批評(píng)是常見(jiàn)的事。 WordsWords真題真題Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes. (Jun. 1998, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)例句例句翻譯翻譯Plans for the new road have drawn fierce cri

14、ticism from local people. 修建新公路的計(jì)劃受到了當(dāng)?shù)厝说膹?qiáng)烈指責(zé)。 釋義釋義a. treating something in a way that makes it seem much simpler than it really is 過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化的例句例句翻譯翻譯BackBack這些圖形有點(diǎn)過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單的。 The graphics are somewhat simplistic. 例句例句翻譯翻譯對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策問(wèn)題幼稚而簡(jiǎn)單化的處理方法 a naive and simplistic approach to economic policyWordsWords simplis

15、tic 釋義釋義a. (fml) not enough 不充足的；不充分的例句例句翻譯翻譯例句例句 insufficientThere are insufficient funds in your account. 您的賬戶金額不足。 The resources available are quite insufficient for the task. 現(xiàn)有的資源根本不足以完成這一任務(wù)。翻譯翻譯WordsWordsBackBack釋義釋義vt. (usu passive) to influence someones opinions, decisions etc so that they b

16、ehave in an unfair way 使有偏見(jiàn)例句例句翻譯翻譯BackBack他的固執(zhí)使老板對(duì)他產(chǎn)生了偏見(jiàn)。His stubbornness biased the employer against him.WordsWordsbias例句例句翻譯翻譯他一開(kāi)始就對(duì)這個(gè)人有偏見(jiàn)。 He was biased against the person from the beginning. 釋義釋義1n. C (fml) a way that a writer, artist etc creates a particular effect or makes people have a parti

17、cular reaction （作家、藝術(shù)家等的）手法 例句例句翻譯翻譯device Metaphor is a common literary device. 隱喻是一種常用的文學(xué)手法。 WordsWords例句例句翻譯翻譯Cao Xueqin uses dreams as a device to fill in the characters backgrounds. 曹雪芹通過(guò)夢(mèng)境來(lái)介紹人物的背景。 釋義釋義2n. C a machine or piece of equipment that does a particular thing 器械；設(shè)備；裝置例句例句翻譯翻譯例句例句BackB

18、ack她發(fā)明了一種在下雨時(shí)能自動(dòng)關(guān)窗的裝置。She invented a device that automatically closes windows when it rains. A pager is a small, electronic device for sending messages. 翻譯翻譯尋呼機(jī)是一種用來(lái)發(fā)送信息的小型電子裝置。 WordsWords真題真題This is a new device which will soon be tested in an experimental car in Japan. (Jan. 1999, CET4, Listening

19、Comprehension)device 釋義釋義a. if you use words in a figurative way, you use them not in their normal literal meaning but in a way that makes a description more interesting or impressive 比喻的；借喻的例句例句翻譯翻譯 figurative BackBack油燈象征著知識(shí)。An oil lamp is a figurative representation of knowledge.例句例句翻譯翻譯“我的愛(ài)人像一朵紅

20、紅的玫瑰”是比喻用法的一個(gè)例子?！癕y love is like a red, red rose” is an example of the figurative use of language. WordsWords釋義釋義vt. to put people or things into particular groups according to the features that they have 把分類；把分級(jí)例句例句翻譯翻譯例句例句classifyA librarian classifies books according to subject matter.圖書(shū)管理員把書(shū)按照學(xué)科

21、分類。 A third of the population has been classified as poor. 三分之一的人口被劃為窮人。 翻譯翻譯WordsWordsThey (foxes) are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. (Jan. 2002, CET4, Reading Comprehension)真題真題BackBack釋義釋義to suggest something or offer an

22、idea, opinion, reason etc, especially so that people can discuss it or make a decision 提出（想法、觀點(diǎn)、理由等）例句例句翻譯翻譯put forwardBackBack他在會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)很好的建議。 例句例句翻譯翻譯諸位有什么意見(jiàn)，歡迎提出來(lái)。You are welcome to put forward your views. WordsWordsHe put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. 釋義釋義supporting a person or a

23、n idea, proposal etc that you believe is right 支持；贊同例句例句翻譯翻譯Those in favour of the proposal, please raise your hands. 支持這項(xiàng)提議的請(qǐng)舉手。 WordsWords例句例句翻譯翻譯I was not in favour of what is being done here. 我并不贊成眼下正在做的這件事情。 in favour of BackBack釋義釋義especially 尤其；特別例句例句翻譯翻譯例句例句 in particularAong all the merchan

24、dise, I was interested in the cotton piece in particular. 在所有商品中，我對(duì)棉布特別感興趣。His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone in particular. 翻譯翻譯他的發(fā)言是泛指一般情況，并不是特別針對(duì)誰(shuí)。WordsWordsBackBack1) Do you think there is any truth in Kaplans Oriental thought pattern? 2) Do you think there is any truth in

25、the other thought patterns?3) Were you taught to write in a particular way, or to use a particular style?4) When you write in English, how do you plan and structure your writing? Work in pairs and discuss the questions.DiscussionDiscussion I think so. Speakers or writers with an Oriental thought pat

26、tern tend to put their key point last, and to give lots of background information and explanations at the beginning and middle parts of their writing. I dont agree with the idea. It seems to me all the patterns mentioned in the passage could exist in one culture, although some people may prefer one

27、pattern rather than another.1) Do you think there is any truth in Kaplans Oriental thought pattern? BackBackDiscussionDiscussion2) Do you think there is any truth in the other thought patterns?BackBackI think it might be true that there are other thought patterns because sometimes I can understand e

28、very word in an article or report, but I still find it hard to follow its logic and understand what it is trying to say.DiscussionDiscussionI think so, especially when we were in primary and secondary schools.3) Were you taught to write in a particular way, or to use a particular style?BackBackDiscussionDiscussionI do draw up a plan. I usually try to follow the pattern of the example th