新新編國(guó)際貿(mào)易英語(yǔ)教程chapter課件

1、 Objectives NEW TERMS Vignette 1.1 International Trade 1.2 Basic Concepts of International Trade 1.3 Economic Globalization Learning objectives To learn the definition of international trade To understand the basic concepts in international trade To know the link between economic globalization and i

2、nternational trade Brainstorming: Work with your group and think out as many words, phrases or expressions as possible about business ( trade). English TermsChinese Equivalents Capital-intensiveLand-intensiveLabor-intensivebarterBilateral tradeMultilateral trade specialization資本密集型土地密集型勞動(dòng)密集型以物易物雙邊貿(mào)易

3、多邊貿(mào)易專業(yè)化Division of laborComparative advantageMass productionInternational trade Gross Domestic ProductsquotasubsidyTrade barrierProtectionist policyprotectionism貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義勞動(dòng)分工比較優(yōu)勢(shì)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)國(guó)際貿(mào)易國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值限額補(bǔ)貼貿(mào)易壁壘貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義政策Financial standingForeign currencyExchange rateimport export Tangible trade Intangible trade S

4、ITCIntellectual property rightsGATS財(cái)務(wù)狀況外幣匯率進(jìn)口出口有形產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易無(wú)形產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易國(guó)際貿(mào)易標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分類知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定TRIPScopyrightstrademarkpatentTrade secretsIndustrial designDirect trade Indirect trade Transit trade Transit duty與貿(mào)易相關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定版權(quán)商標(biāo)專利商業(yè)機(jī)密工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)直接貿(mào)易間接貿(mào)易過(guò)境貿(mào)易過(guò)境稅Entrepot tradeTrade surplus Trade deficit tarriff Non-tarriff barri

5、er Bonded warehouseFree trade zonesglobalization Economic globalizationEconomic integration轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易貿(mào)易順差貿(mào)易逆差關(guān)稅非關(guān)稅型貿(mào)易壁壘保稅倉(cāng)庫(kù)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化Factors of productionMultinational companiesTransnational companiesNAFTADirect Foreign investmentEconomic blocsCustoms territoryEconomic expansion生產(chǎn)要素多國(guó)公司跨國(guó)公司北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)

6、定對(duì)外直接投資經(jīng)濟(jì)集團(tuán)關(guān)境經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 New words and expressions: 1 Vignette: a decorative design or small illustration used on the title page of a book or at the beginning or end of a chapter.文字簡(jiǎn)短優(yōu)美的)簡(jiǎn)介; 小品文 2 capital-intensive products 資本密集型產(chǎn)品 3 land-intensive products土地密集型產(chǎn)品 4 labor-intensive commodities勞力密集的產(chǎn)品 5 fin

7、ished products成品 6 cutting-edge technology尖端技術(shù) Questions: 1 Why do modern countries trade with one another? The appearance of international trade arises for many reasons 1) The different distribution of the worlds resources determines the patterns of world trade. 2) Climate and terrain(地域; 地帶 ) affe

8、ct the cultivation of some agricultural products a nation can produce and trade internationally. 3) The skilled workers and capital resources help determine what a nation is able to produce and trade with other nations. 4) With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another mot

9、ivation, economic benefit, for nations to trade. Questions: 2 Illustrate what are capital-intensive products, land-intensive products, labor-intensive commodities and list the examples of countries of each type Terms: Trade vs. barter Terms: 2 International trade vs. Domestic trade: International tr

10、ade, also called foreign trade, world trade or overseas trade, in essence, is the fair and deliberate exchange of commodity and service across national boundaries. It includes import and export trade operations. The forms of international trade can be listed as followings: Exporting, importing, trad

11、ing companies, licensing, contract manufacturing, joint ventures and direct investment. Questions: 3 List the differences between international trade and domestic trade Terms: Trade barrier questions: Why did the international trade flourish within roman empire? 1 merchants were able to travel safel

12、y and trade with one another. 2 the use of common coinage(貨幣) enabled business transactions to be carried out easily. 3 Roman developed a systematic law, central market locations through the founding of cites (1500-World War I western European countries including Britain World war II United States )

13、 1 Political environment different international trade policies Political stability 2 Economic environment New words and expressions: Tariff關(guān)稅 Excise海關(guān) price fluctuation 價(jià)格波動(dòng) Question: Explain how tariff, non-tariff barrier and foreign currency influence international trade. 3 cultural environment H

14、ow does the cultural environment influence international trade? 4 physical environment Natural physical features, human-made structures 1.2.1 international trade classification 1 import vs. export I For most nations exports and imports are the most important international activities. Each country ha

15、s to import the articles and commodities it does not itself produce, and it has to earn foreign exchanges to pay for them. It does this by exporting its own manufactured articles and surplus(過(guò)剩, 剩余)raw materials. Thus the import and export trades are two sides of the same coin, and both can have ben

16、eficial effects on the home market. 1.2.1 international trade classification 1 import vs. export The factors mean that importing and exporting are subject to a lot of formalities, such as customs entry and exchange control approval, from which the home retail(零售)and wholesale trades are free. They a

17、lso mean that the procedure of foreign trade is much more complicated than that of domestic trade, the latter involves specialized knowledge and highly trained personnel. 1.2.1 international trade classification 1 import vs. export When a company starts to export or sell goods in a new market, they

18、often do some market researches or a preliminary study to see if the project is feasible. They investigate the potential market or do a feasibility study to see if they will make money by selling in the new market. This stage usually includes market research, marketing and promotion and investigatio

19、n of credit-worthiness of customers. Specialties involved in export and import transaction1) shipping agents will take responsibility for the documentation and arrange for the goods to be shipped by air, sea, rail or road.2) airlines, shipping lines, railway companies or haulage(拖運(yùn)費(fèi)拖運(yùn)費(fèi);運(yùn)輸運(yùn)輸; 輸送輸送)co

20、ntractors will actually transport the goods. Specialties involved in export and import transaction 3) both the importers and exporters banks will be involved in arranging payments.4) an insurance company insures goods in transit.5) a lawyer if a special contract has to be drawn3. Documents needed in

21、 export and import transaction Bill of lading(裝載貨物裝載貨物) (提單提單)commercial invoice(發(fā)票發(fā)票, 發(fā)貨單發(fā)貨單,貨單托運(yùn)物品貨單托運(yùn)物品) proforma invoice(形式發(fā)票形式發(fā)票, 估價(jià)發(fā)票估價(jià)發(fā)票) consular(領(lǐng)事的；領(lǐng)事的； 執(zhí)政執(zhí)政官的官的) invoice, packing list, weight memo, certificate of inspection, certificate of origin, insurance policy, sales contract, sales 1

22、.2.1 international trade classification 2 tangible trade vs. intangible trade1) explain what is tangible trade and what is intangible trade tangible trade-visible trade intangible trade-invisible trade2) According to SITC (Standard International Trade Classification 國(guó)際貿(mào)易標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分類) , the international tra

23、de commodities could be classified into 10 categories. List the 10 categories.3) List the 4 categories of services defined by GATS.4) Define Intellectual Property Rights 3 Direct trade vs. indirect trade Explain what is direct trade and what is indirect trade Try to understand following terms: trans

24、it country, transit duty and transit trade; entrepot trade Try to understand the Important terms about international trade1 favorable balance of trade (貿(mào)易順差)and unfavorable balance of trade(貿(mào)易逆差)2 general trade system (一般貿(mào)易體系)vs. special trade system(專門(mén)貿(mào)易體系)3 value of international trade (國(guó)際貿(mào)易值)vs.

25、quantum of international trade(國(guó)際貿(mào)易量)4 the commodity composition of international trade(國(guó)際貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu))5 the geographical composition of international trade(國(guó)際貿(mào)易地理構(gòu)成)6 the degree of dependence on foreign trade(對(duì)外貿(mào)易依存度)1.3.1 What is economic globalizationQuestions:1 Explain what is economic globalization.2

26、 Explain the two main components of economic globalization: globalization of markets and the globalization of production3 Explains the phases of globalization4 Explain the PEST Factors of economic globalization5 What are the two macro factors underlie the trend toward globalization?6 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of economic globalization.1.3.2 International Trade and economic Globalization Explain the relation between international trade and economic globalization.1 In a global economy, no nation is self-sufficient. 1.3.2 Int