動物實驗利與弊(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上動物實驗利與弊論點1：（正方）不人道First of all,the main disadvantage of animal testing is the inhumane treatment of animals in tests due to the fact that anesthesia for the help of pain is often not used. Scientists say that using anesthesia will interfere with test results. Today the term “vivisection

2、” is used. Vivisection is defined as “cutting while still alive” but it is more commonly used today as any harmful experiment or test that is performed on an animal. Animal experimentation involves the incarceration of animals and poisoning, mutilation, disease and killing of those individuals. It i

3、s arguably the most brutal and most severe form of violence in the modern world. It is said that an estimated 50,000 animals die due to the testing on them. Some of the tests that IAMS performed were:· 28 female cats had their abdomens（腹部） cut open and solution injected repeatedly into their bo

4、wels.· 24 young dogs were given kidney failure by the removal of one kidney and the damaging of the other. All the dogs were killed after being fed an experimental diet and their kidneys analyzed.論點2：（正方）可有別的措施Many alternatives already exist, and there must be many more which are waiting to be

5、found. The day will surely come when not more experiments on animals will need to be done for human medicine. it's hared to say there will always be alternatives for veterinary research, The most common alternatives that are used today are: in-vitro tests, computer software, and even human “clin

6、ical tests”. The use of animal cells, organs, and tissue cultures are also deemed as alternatives, （反駁正方）however animal lives are still sacrificed for the use of their parts. We can only talk about banning experimentation when the alternatives have been proved to be accurate, and safe. （反方反駁）As a me

7、dical student, I've realized that artificial means can never replace the incredible complexity of living animals. It may not be possible to ban all animal tests quite yet, but there should be a lot more money, time and efforts going into finding alternatives.新論點3：正方：動物也有權利Could anyone tell me wh

8、y humans are more important than any other animals? Could anyone please tell me the fundamental reason why human suffering is 'absolutely' more important than animal suffering, why the intense agony experienced by a laboratory animal is inconsequential（不重要的，微不足道的） when view against the same

9、or even lesser degree of suffering within a human. Of course We see ourselves as more important than other species, as I'm sure other self-realising species see themselves, but we cannot use this flimsy(輕而薄的), subjective（主觀上的） argument as an excuse to totally disregard the feelings of other spec

10、ies. You wouldn't like it if some alien race claiming to be the most "important" turned up and squirted alien cosmetics in your mother's eye, would you? So I think animals should have the same rights as us. You wouldn't like it if people were doing any kind of experiment on you

11、. Humankind has absolutely no right to use animals for any reason whatsoever, especially for experimental use.新論點4正方類比種族We conduct such experiments simply because we have physical dominance over all other species and thus we can exploit them at our will. But then where lies the contradiction between

12、 this form exploitation and that shown within the human species, such as the physical dominance that allowed Europeans to exploit Africans in the slave trade. Why should I be utterly indifferent to animal suffering because I stand to gain from it, yet I am morally obliged to be passionate about huma

13、n suffering whether or not it could be for my personal betterment.新論點5：正方動物實驗有時候真的沒有必要. I understand the concerns over medical testing and "human needs over animal lives", but the testing obviously doesn't work because there is still AIDS, cancer and all the other diseases that these t

14、ests are supposed to be curing. If medical tests really are needed, why can't there be a more humane way to do it? Why not use people's cells, skin etc. Human volunteers should be used for final testing rather than animals. 最后總結（正方）All in all, the animals can not tell the scientist that they

15、 dont want to be tested on, but humans can. We need to talk for the animals and help stop this cruel and inhumane treatment. There are many other ways that products and medicine can be tested; the use of innocent animals is no longer needed. Let us turn down cures that have been tested on animals. T

16、hank you.反方開場：For those opposed to all animal testing, please answer 'Yes' or 'No' to the following questions1. Are you vegetarian?2. Do you avoid buying leather shoes or clothes?3. Would you allow yourself or a loved one to suffer or even die because the necessary treatment had been

17、 developed using laboratory animals?If you answered 'Yes' to ALL of the above, then you are free from hypocrisy（偽善，虛偽） in your moral stance(l立場姿態(tài)).論點1：我們需要動物實驗Animals testing is really necessary.分論點（1）患者的需要First of all , all the patients are in the need of the testing. Why? Could you realize

18、 that the animals you believe are being harmed, have not only impacted your lives in some way, but have impacted your families, friends, by providing people with vaccines and antibiotics. When it comes down to it, rightly or wrongly, we will all happily sacrifice an animal in order to save a loved o

19、ne! Millions of lives are saved every year because of one animals, results to either a drug or new form of surgery. Tell me that Which would you prefer to live - an ill child or a healthy bunny? With rights come responsibilities - what responsibilities to animals have? How many people who advocate b

20、anning animal testing have accepted medicines which have almost surely been tested on animals. A move towards animal rights means a move away from human rights.分論點（2）科學研究的需要The second, animal testing is the most predominant form of testing used by scientists. Animal research plays a vital, and irrep

21、laceable, role in such fields as drug and cancer research.The phase of research on animals gave us essential data which moved us on. The knowledge so gained is being used to provide more effective treatment for seriously disabled humans.The results they yield bring a new outlook on life for millions

22、 around the world. If animal testing is banned, how will medicines be developed? Will cures have to be tried only on humans? Will there be enough volunteers? How about lawsuits by families of victims of imperfectly designed cures? A complete ban on animal testing will have very serious negative effe

23、cts on medical research. I believe that developing better, more effective and safer drugs is more important than sparing a few rats. (反駁正方觀點)Alternatives to animal testing must be developed but even these alternatives will require animal testing in order to compare results. Will the animal rights ac

24、tivists endorse（贊同） any responsibility of the disastrous effects of their rosy cuddly thoughts? I doubt it.分論點（3）安全性需要The third, It is imperative（必要的） that all drugs released onto the market are safe for humans to use. I feel that animal testing is necessary for the continuation of biological and sa

25、fety research. Even with animal & people testing, dangerous products still get on the market, imagine how many more will be on the market if we ban animal testing. 論點2：物競天擇Animal rights protesters are just a bunch of city dwellers who don't really understand how life works. Nature is predato

26、ry, the strongest survive, and by testing drugs and medical research on animals which creates cures for human diseases, then those animals died to help us survive. A simple extrapolation of the law of nature . 論點3：采取相應的彌補措施：While we should never hurt animals in the interest of paltry（無價值的） cosmetics, research for life-saving drugs and techniques requires limited use of real animals. I agree that animal testing should be continued, but agree with animal right