2017年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案

1、2017年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案（第一套）Part I Writing(25 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easyon how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write atleast120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)S

2、ection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end ofeach news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news reportand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C

3、) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By se

4、lling lemonade andpictures.歡迎下載2B) By work ing part time at a hospital. D) By aski ng for help on social media.Questi ons 3 and 4 are based on the n ews report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway con structi on.B) Gen erati ng electric power for pass ing vehicles.C) Providing c

5、lean energy to five million people.D) Testi ng the efficie ncy of the new solar pan el.4. A) They can sta nd the wear and tear of n atural eleme nts.B) They can be laid right on top of exist ing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questi ons 5 to

6、7 are based on the n ews report you have just heard.5. A) En dless fighti ng in the regi on. C) In adequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two n ati onal parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lionsdi

7、sappearanee.C) To study the habitat of lions in Suda n and Ethiopia.D) To find evide nee of the existe nee of the7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lionstracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.lost lions歡迎下載3Secti on BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. A

8、t theend of each con versati on, you will hear four questi ons. Both thecon versati on and the questi ons will be spoke n only on ce. After you hear a questi on, youmust choose the best an swer from the four choices marked A),B) , C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with

9、 a sin gle linethrough the cen tre.Questi ons 8 to 11 are based on the con versati on you have just heard.8. A) Herlucky birthday. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model pla ne. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good

10、n ecklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husba nd has bought.B) The trip her husba nd has pla nn ed.C) What has bee n troubli ng her husba nd.D) What her husba nd and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couples holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the

11、 secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couples holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couples holiday plan.歡迎下載4Questi ons 12 to 15 are based on the con versati on you have just heard.12. A) They are sen sitive to the dyn amics of a n egotiati on.B) They see the i

12、mporta nee of mak ing compromises.C) They know whe n to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rivals attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know whe n to make compromises.B) They know whe n to stop. D) They know how to con trol theiremoti on.14. A) They are patie nt. C) They

13、lear n quickly.B) They are good at expressi on. D) They uphold their prin ciples.15. A) Make clear on es inten ti ons. C) Formulate on es strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Sectio n CDirecti on s: I n this secti on, you will hear three passages. At the end ofeach

14、 passage, you willhear three or four questi ons. Both the passage and the questi ons will be spoke n onlyon ce. After you hear a questi on, you must choose the best an swer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAn swer歡迎下載5Sheet 1 with a sin gle line throug

15、h the cen tre.Questi ons 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When Americas earliest space program started.B) When the Intern ati onal Space Stati on was built.C) How many space shuttle missi ons there will be.D) How space research ben efits people on Earth.17. A) They accura

16、tely calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astro nauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astro nauts specific requireme nts.D) They tried to make best use of the latest tech no logy.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B

17、) They are expe nsive to make. D) They were inven ted in the 1970s.Questi ons 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her an cestors came to America.B) People had pie nty of land to cultivate the n.C) It marked the begi nning of someth ing n ew.D) Everythi ng was n a

18、tural and genuine the n.20. A) They believed in work ing for goals. C) They had all kinds of en terta inment.歡迎下載6B) They enjo yed livi ng a livi ng a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatt ing with her an cestors. C) Polishi ng all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country hou

19、se. D) Doing n eedlework by the fire.Questi ons 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to ide ntify your locati on. C) Sit dow n and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or frie nds for help. D) Try to follow your footpri nts back.23. A) You may find a way out wit

20、hout your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to un expected dan gers.C) You may get drow ned in a sudde n flood.D) You may end up en teri ng a won derla nd.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patie ntly. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your pla n. C) Check the local weather.B)

21、Prepare eno ugh food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part ID Readi ng Comprehe nsion ( 40 minu tes )Secti on ADirecti on s: I n this secti on, there is a passage with ten bla nks. You are required toselect one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank follow ing thepas

22、sage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in thebank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer歡迎下載7Sheet 2 with a single line through the cen tre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than on ce.A rat or

23、 pige on might not be the obvious choice to tend to some one who is sick, butthese creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatme nt of huma n diseases.Pige ons are ofte n see n as dirty birds and an urba n 27 , but they are just the latest in along line of an imals that have bee n found

24、to have abilities to help huma ns. Despite hav inga brain no bigger tha n the 28 of your in dex fin ger, pige ons have a very impressive 29_memory. Rece ntly it was show n that they could be trained to be as accurate as huma ns atdetecti ng breast can cer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading d

25、isease rather than 31 it, but this Ion g-tailed ani mal ishighly 32 .In side a rats nose are up to 1,000 differe nt types of olfactory receptors(嗅覺感受器)，whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect _33smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect T

26、(肺結核).When the rats detectthe smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is in fected.Traditi on ally, a hun dred samples would take lab tech ni cia ns more tha n two days to35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method does nt rely onspecialist equipme nt. It i

27、s also more accurate- the rats are able to find more TB in fecti onsand, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) exam ine J) specifyC) in dicate K) superiorD) nu isa nee L) suspiciousE) peak M) tip歡迎下載8F) preve nti ng N) treatedG) prohibit ing O) visualH) sen sitiveSecti on BDirecti on

28、s: I n this secti on, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identifythe paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more tha non ce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter

29、. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on An swer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Stude nts Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the un expected rather tha n searchfor an swers.A I have always bee n a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather stra nge that I

30、havereturned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making myway through Columbia Uni versity,surro un ded by stude nts who quickly supply the verbal an swer while I am still process ingthe questi on.B Si nee there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am curre ntly q

31、uesti oning what kindare the most tax ing and ultimately ben eficial. I have already sweated through nu merousin-class midterms and fin als, and now I have a professor who issues take-home on es. I wasexcited whe n I lear ned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, andwr

32、ite it all up. In fact, I was still rewriti ng my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lostthe thread is putting it mildly.C As I was sufferi ng through my week of an xiety, overthi nking the material and guess歡迎下載9ing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polli ng among stude nts and profess

33、ors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-classvariety. He believes stude nts ultimately lear n more and en courages them to form studygroups.“That way they socialize over history outside the class, which would nhappe n without the pressure of a

34、n in class exam,he expla in ed,“Furthermore, -class exams force stude nts to lear n how to perform un der pressure, andesse ntial work skill.”D He also says there is less cha nee of cheati ng with the in -classvariety .In 2012, 125 stude nts at Harvard were caught up in a sca ndal whe nit was discov

35、ered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class en titled“In troducti on To Con gress.”Some colleges have what they call an“code,”though if you are smart eno ugh to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to con sider doing so. As I

36、 sat blockedand clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn t just call an expert onthe subject matterwhich I was tackli ng, or some one who took the class previously, to get me going.E Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean ofstudents at Yale, made an impass

37、ioned appeal to her schools professorsrefrain from take-h one exams.“Stude nts risk health and well being, as wellas performa nee in other en d-of-term work, whe n faculty offers take-home exams withoutclear, time-limited boundaries,”she told me.“Research now shows that regular quizzes,short essays,

38、 and other assig nments over the course of a term better enhance lear ning andrete nti on.”歡迎下載10F Most college professors agree the ki nd of exam they choose largelydepe nds on the subject. A qua ntitative-based one, for example, is un likely to be sent home,where one could ask their older brothers

39、 and sisters to help. Vocati on al-type classes, suchas computer scie nee or jo urn alism, on the other hand, are ofte n more research-orie ntedand lend themselves to take-home testi ng. Chris Koch, who teaches“History of BroadcastJournalism”at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland,歡迎下

40、載iipoints out that report ing is about in vestigati on rather tha n the memorizati onof minute details.“In my field, its not what you know its what yhow to find out,”says Koch.“There is way too much information, and more coming all thetime, for anyone to remember. I want my stude nts to search out t

41、he an swers to questi ons byusing all the resources available to them.-form prefere nces vary, too, ofte n depe nding on the really about thewriti ng, so you have time to edit and do more research,says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Fran cesca Haass,a senior

42、 at Middlebury, says,-classicfinfctare inmore stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow in formati on likemad, and the n you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful en gageme nt which canlead to lon ger term stress as there is n ever a mome nt whe n the ti

43、me is up.”Mea nwhile,Olivia Rubi n, a soptiomorEmory, says she hardly eve n con siders take-omes true exams.“If you understand thematerial and have the ability to articulate說出）yourthoughts, they should be a breeze.H How stude nts ultimately han dle stress may depe nd on theirpersonal test-taking abi

44、lities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, andmake it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and hav ing no resources to refer to, can freeze. And the n there arewe rare folks who fit both those descripti ons.IY

45、es, my adva need age must factor into the equati on等式）,i n partbecause of my in ability toaccess the in formati on as quickly. As ano ther retu rning stude nt at Columbia, KateG Stude ntssubject and course difficulty.-hlcpnefestakys because it is then歡迎下載12Marber, toldme,“Were lear ning not only all

46、 this in formati on, but esse ntially how to lear n aga in.Ourfellow stude nts have just come out of high school. A lot has cha nged since we were lastinschool.”J If no thi ng else, the situati on has give n my college son and me someth ing to share,Whe n Iasked his opinion on this matter, he resp o

47、n ded,-class lexahrnsbecause the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,”herespon ded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiv ing the exam questi ons a day or twoinadva nee, and the n doing the actual test in class the tick ing clock overhead.K B

48、etter yet, how about what one Hun ter College professor reportedly did recently forher finalexam: She en couraged the class not to stress or eve n study, promis ing that,“It isgoing to be a歡迎下載13Whe n the stude nts came in, sharpe ned pen cils in hand,book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolat

49、e cake and they each were give n a slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in educati on.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect stude nts performa nee in othercourses.38. Certai n professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to stude nts.39. In

50、 -class exams are believed to discourage cheati ng in exams.40. The author was happy to lear n she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams moredifficult tha nthey actually are.42. Different stude nts may prefer differe nt types of ex

51、ams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depe nds ontype ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some stude nts thi nk take-home exams will eat up their free time.Sectio n Cpiece of cake.there was not a blue歡迎下載14Direc

52、ti ons: There are 2 passages in this secti on. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp onding letter on An swerSheet 2 with a sin gle line through th

53、e cen tre.Passage OneQuesti ons 46 and 50 are based on the follow ing passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliarsurroundings is a phenomenon known as the -night”effect If a person stays in the sameroom the following night they tend to sleep more soun dly.

54、Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues atBrow n Uni versity set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-ni ght effect probably has somethi ng to do with how huma nsevolved. The puzzle was what ben efit would be gained from it whe n performa nce might beaffected the followi ng

55、 day. She also knew from previous work con ducted on birds and dolphins that these ani mals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest whileremai ning alert eno ugh to avoid predators捕食者).This led her to won der if people might bedoing the same thing. To take a closer look, he

56、r team studied 35 healthy people as they sleptin the un familiar en viro nment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences.The participants eachslept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques thatlooked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found

57、, as expected, the participa nts slept lesswell on their first ni ght tha n they did on their sec ond, taki ng more tha n twice as long to fallasleep and sleep ing less overall. During deep sleep, the paticipa ntsbrains behaved in asimilar manner see n in birds and dolph ins. On the first ni ght onl

58、y, the left hemispheres半球)of their brains did not sleep n early as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were in deed remai ning awake to process in formati on歡迎下載15detected in the surro unding en viro nment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presentingthe sleepi

59、ng participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鳴聲)of the same tone andirregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemispherewas stay ing alert to keep guard in a stra nge en viro nment, the n it would react to the irregularbeeps by stirring people fr

60、om sleep and would ignore the regularly timed on es. This isprecisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzli ng about the first- ni ght effect?A) To what exte nt it can trouble people. C) What circumsta nces may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can b