新版深圳牛津七下unit7poems語法句型習(xí)題0001

1、U7語法一、祈使句（imperatives ）也 宀”J 1.祈使句的定義及句式特征：you,定義：祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告或祝愿等的句子。它的特點是通常省略主語以動詞原形開頭，末尾可用句號或感嘆號。祈使句沒有疑問句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定兩種形式Go and wash your han ds.（表命令）Be quite, please. （ Please be quiet.） （表請求）Be kind to your sister.（表勸告）Watch your steps.（表警告）No parking.（表禁止）2. 肯定形式（動詞原形開頭）1 ）以系動詞be開頭的

2、祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be+形容詞/名詞Be quiet / quick!Be a good stude nt!Be careful whe n cross ing the street.2） 以實義動詞開頭的祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：動詞原形+賓語（+其他）。Come in, please！Please ope n your books！Put them away!3）let型（Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他）Let him do it by himself.Let me help you.Let ' s go tbet park.3. 否定形式（一般在動詞上否定，也可以

3、用否定副詞（never）來表示）1）be型【Don' t be其他成分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語）】Don' t be careless!Never be late aga in n ext time!【注意】：在這種句型中，be不能省略否定副詞not不可置于be之后2）do型（Don' t動詞原形+其他）Don' t believe him!Don' t worry! Never do it aga in!3）Let引起的祈使句有兩種否定形式a）. Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他Let ' s not think about it. ItL

4、et her not do that.s only a waste of time.b) . Don ' t+ ie賓語+動詞原形+其他Don' t let Jim do that.Don' t let us go, please.4) 在公共場合的提示語中，否定祈使句常用“ N&名詞/ V-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示 禁止做某事”例如：NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照！No parki ng!【注意】：1) .在表達請求或勸告時，有時為了表示委婉的語氣，可以在句首或句末please,但是如果please加在句末，應(yīng)用逗號將其與前面的部分隔開。Sit dow n, pl

5、ease.Please look after the twins.2) .在意思比較明顯的情況下，可以把謂語動詞省略。This way, please.3) .有時為了加強語氣，可以在動詞前使用do. Do be careful! 定要小心！4) .有時為了強調(diào)對方，也可加上主語you，人名或everybody, anybody等不定代詞。You sweep the floor and I clea n the win dow.Stand up, everybody.5) .有時為了明確向誰提出請求或發(fā)出命令，可加稱呼語，但稱呼語要與句子用逗號隔開。Put the shirt on the b

6、ed, Jim.4. 祈使句的反意問句祈使句的反意疑問句須按其句子結(jié)構(gòu)及講話人的語氣來決定其疑問部分，通常有以下三種形式：1) .祈使句為肯定句式，其反意疑問句表示請求時，通常用will you ;表示邀請、勸說時，用won' t youBe sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要給我們寫信，好嗎？Come to have dinner with us this evening, won' t今晚來和我們一起吃飯，好嗎？2) .祈使句為否定句式，其反意疑問句通常只用will you。例如：Don' t smoke in the meeti

7、 ng room, will you?不要在會議室抽煙，好嗎？3) . Let開頭的祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，除Let ' 用 shall we夕卜，其它均用 will you。例如：Let the boy go first, will you? 讓個那男孩先走，好嗎？Let' s take a walk after supper, shall we?晚飯后我們?nèi)ド⒉?，好嗎?. 祈使句的回答祈使句的動作通常是表示將來發(fā)生的動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用will或won'。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意兩點：1) 形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致；No與won&

8、#39;保持一致)2) 意思相反(即Yes是 不"的意思；No是 是"的意思)。在回答時，要注意分析上下文語境中所提供的條件。例如：-Don' t go out, please. It ' s raining heavily outsic請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去機場接我弟弟。6. 祈使句與陳述句的并列使用祈使句后接陳述句時，須用連接詞連接。如果祈使句與陳述句表示的是一種順承關(guān)系時，要用并列連詞and來連接；如果祈使句與陳述句存在一種

9、否定條件關(guān)系時，要用并列連詞or來連接。例如：Leave it with me and I will see what I can do.把它留給我吧，我想想有沒有辦法。Hurry up, or we ' ll be late快點，否則我們要遲到了。、感嘆句（exclamations ）（一）、感嘆句是表示喜怒哀樂等強烈感情的句子。感嘆句句末通常用感嘆號，讀時一般用降調(diào)。、感嘆句的基本句型【句型一】 What + （a / an） + 形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語!What a clever boy he is!（他是個）多么聰明的男孩?。hat an interesting story

10、 it is!（這是個）多么有趣的故事啊!What fine weather it is!多好的天氣??！What beautiful flowers they are!（它們是）多么漂亮的花啊!【說明】 在感嘆句中，What a /an常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用an。what是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞，如 rain, . surprise, breakfast, 一lunch.等，當(dāng)前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is!多大的一場雨?。hat a grea

11、t surprise it is!這多么令人驚奇啊！What a rich breakfast it is!多么豐盛的一頓早餐啊!【句型二】How +形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！How well you look! 你氣色真好！ How kind you are!你心腸真好！How beautifully you si ng! 你唱得真好聽！ Strawberries! How nice!草莓！多好呀！How clever the boy is!這個男孩多么聰明??！How fast he runs!他跑得多么快啊！【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：How I want t

12、o be a doctor!我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生?。ow she dances!她跳得多好啊!感嘆句型總結(jié)How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分！How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分！What +名詞+其他成分！What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分！What +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+其他成分！What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+其他成分！請看以下例子： It ' s an interesgrfilm.這是一部有趣的電影。t What an in teresti ng film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊! It ' s wonderful weather天氣很好。t What

13、 won derful weather! 天氣真好！ He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細(xì)。t How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細(xì)啊！ Time passed quickly.時間過得很快。t How quickly time passed!時間過得真快【難點1】what類感嘆句省略形容詞1. 當(dāng)其中的名詞帶有形容詞的意味時 【重點】What luck!真幸運！What fools!真是些笨蛋！What a surprise!真是意想不到！ What fun we could have!我們玩得多開心啊2. 當(dāng)進行批

14、評時What nonsense! 派胡言！ What a shame!多可恥（惜）!What a mess!多么臟亂??！3. 當(dāng)表示強調(diào)或夸張時Oh, what a lie!啊，多大的謊言！ What a night!多糟糕的一個晚上！4. 當(dāng)表示蔑視時What a man he is!那家伙算什么！注：有時在沒有上下文，意思可能不確定。如：What a day!看這天氣！（是褒是貶，視具體情況而定 ）【難點2】low在感嘆句中修飾動詞感嘆句有時可用"how主語+動詞"構(gòu)成，此是how直接用于修飾動詞。如：How I missed you.我多么想念你啊。How you &

15、#39; ve grown!你都長這么大啦！How you ' ve changed你的變化真大！ How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有點東西喝 ！How things get around! Every one must know you are in tow n. 消息傳得多快 ！人們一定知道你到城里來了。(三)、注意(1 )要修飾名詞的形容詞不能是表數(shù)量的many, much, little , few，遇此情況要用 how，即使它們后面跟有名詞：How many books he has ！ 他的書真多!How much money he gave

16、 her ！他給了她好多錢呀!How little money I have ！ 我的錢多么少呀！How few friends he has ！ 他的朋友真少!比較：What a little box it is ！多小巧的盒子呀！(該 little不表示數(shù)量)(2)有時句中的主語和謂語可以省略：How fast ！多快呀！How nice ！ 多好呀！How beautiful ！ 多美呀！How nice of you to come ！ 你來了真好！一、單項選擇：1. Please, they ' re having a meeting.A.not be so no isyB.

17、bequiteC.mustn 't talkD.no speak ing2.to meet me at the stati on. 1ll be wait ing there.A.Not to forgetB.NotforgetC.ForgetnotD.Don' t forget3. It's a fine day. Let' sgo fish ing.?A.won' t weB.willyouCdon't weD. shall we4. Don't smoke in the meetingom,?A.do youBwillyouC. c

18、anyouD. could you5. me go. It is very importa nt for me.D. To do letD. Not tot catch the train.D. GotD. Don ' t to playA. Do letB. Let doC. Doi ng let6. He is not hon est.believe him.A. NotB. Don ' t C. To not7. up early tomorrow, or you canA. Getti ngB. GetC. To get8. in the street. It'

19、 s dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don ' t play9.Lucy,thedoororsome onewillcomein.A. closeB. closesC. not closeD. is closi ng10.and play football in the street after lunch.A. Let ' snot togoB. Let's notgoC. Let ' s don ' t goD.Not let ' sgo11. A sig n with the words i

20、s ofte n found in a bus.A. Notpark ingB. Notsmok ingC. Noparki ngD.Nosmok ing12.Chin ese in you En glish class.A. Not speak B. Don ' t speak C. Speak notD. Don ' t speaking13 .the boxes. You may use them later.A. KeepB. Keep ingC. To keepD. Kept14. Never come late aga in.A. will youB. won &#

21、39; t you C. do youD. does he15. The TV is too loud. PleaseA. turn it dow nB. to turn it dow nC. tur n dow n itD. to turn dow n it16.cross the road un til the traffic lights turns gree n.A. Not B. Won't C. Does n'tD. Don't17. Kate,your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. to brin

22、g D. bringing18.me the truth, or ni be angry.A. Telli ng B. To tell C. Told D. Tell二.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1. It ' s an impirmeeting.(not, be )late.2.(no t,make) any no ise! Your mother is sleep ing.3.(not, speak) with your mouth full of food and(be) polite.4.(not, talk) and(read) aloud.5.(no t,leave)

23、 your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6.(look) out! A car is coming.7.(give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8.(no t, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you(catch) a cold.10. Let ' s(not, say) anything about it.U7句型1. Water has no taste.睡根本沒有味道。2. Now, he is sitting i

24、n his favourite chair tired laugh or to play.現(xiàn)在，他正坐在他最喜歡的椅子上，太累了，笑不動，也玩不動。3. Soon he'll go to .不久他就會去睡覺。4. Then I see him, on the building.之后，我在建筑工地上看到他在工作。5. He'sin the clouds higher than a kite.他高高地站在云中，比風(fēng)箏還高。6. He's working on a piece of wood not the height.他正走在一塊狹窄的木板上，并不擔(dān)心它的高度。7. He

25、'sat the newspaper stand,the bus stop, and he's他坐在報攤前，就在車站旁，他微笑著。8. A bus stops, and the people公車停了，人們魚貫而出。9. They 'reto work.他們趕去上班。10. Aof people, all very busy,tired faces.一群人，都非常忙碌，面帶倦容。11. Or will youit two?還是你愿意成為第二個？12. dawn dusk, I never stop. 從破曉至U黃昏，我從不停止。13. We drive the stree

26、tnight to stop . and those who fight .我們沿著街道徹夜行駛，攔截小偷，阻止斗毆。翻譯下列句子1是誰告訴你那件事的？我根本就不認(rèn)識艾迪(notat all )2很多人都喜歡起床后洗個澡(have a bath )3這個箱子太重了，我扛不動(tooto )4我太矮了，夠不到那本書(tooto)5你通常幾點去睡覺？( go to bed )6我昨晚睡不著，所以今天我有點不舒服(go to sleep, a bit )7春天里，你可以看到很多蝴蝶和蜜蜂在花園里飛舞(seedoi ng somethi ng )8公交車停了，很多人沖了出來(rush out )9 -

27、你今天早上為什么急匆匆趕去學(xué)校？ 因為我們開校運會10我昨天晚上在那棵樹下看到一群螞蟻(a crowd of )【把下列句子改為感嘆句】1. It ' s a quite a nice prese ntnice prese nt it is!2. We have fine weather today.weather we have today !3. It ' s sunny todaysunny day it is today !4. The childre n are work ing hard.the childre n are worki ng!5. She playe

28、d basketball won derfully.she played basketball !6. He is good at singing.he sings !7. The fish is very lovely.the fish is !8. They live a happy life today.life they live today !感嘆句巧解五法1、一找二斷三辨四確定：構(gòu)成感嘆句的感嘆詞有兩個：what和how，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：1）What +名詞+陳述肯定式：2）How +形容詞（或副詞）+陳述肯定式很多初學(xué)者常常對該用what還是該用how弄不清楚。如： cold wa

29、ter this is ! A . HowB . What cold it is !A . WhatB. How【如果我們采取一找二斷三辨 四確定”的方法很快就能確定該選哪個感嘆詞。一找”即先找出句中的主語。二斷"就是在句中的名詞（形容詞、副詞等）與代詞（或名詞）之間斷開。例如上面第一句應(yīng)在 water與this中斷開（因this是指示代詞），斷開后辨別斷線前面的詞的詞性，也就是所謂三辨”句中斷線前的詞是water,而water是名詞。第四步，就可迅速確定如果是名詞就選what。所以第一例句就選B。用這個方法我們會對上面第二個例句作出如下判斷： cold | it is !斷開線其前

30、cold是形容詞，故應(yīng)填 How。上面兩個例句是最基本最簡單的填空題形式。但只要掌握這個方法，即使再復(fù)雜的填空題也會迎刃而解。】不過還要注意，如果斷開后，斷線前的那個中心詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，千萬別忘了在感嘆詞與名詞間加冠詞a（an）。例如：nice present it is !B. WhatC. HowD . What a用上述方法，從present與it之間斷開，斷線前present是名詞，且為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，nice又以輔音開頭，故選D。2、斷t找t去t添t改”五步法：若把一個陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句，可以采取這五步法”。女口： The picture is very beautiful .斷：在陳

31、述句中的謂語動詞后將句子斷開：The picture is | very beautiful .找：劃出斷線后的中心詞是何詞類。去：中心詞是形容詞或副詞時，要把修飾該形容詞或副詞的詞去掉。（比如本句中心詞 beautiful是形容詞，修飾該詞的是very，變時應(yīng)去掉very。但須注意，線后如果是名詞，名詞前的修飾語是萬萬不能去掉的。添：就是添上感嘆詞。如果線后的中心詞是名詞，就添What;是形容詞或副詞就添How。改：將陳述句句前的大寫改為小寫，將變?yōu)楦袊@句的感嘆詞及其修飾的名詞部分放在句首，感嘆詞首寫字母改為大寫。同時句尾的標(biāo)點由陳述句的句號改為感嘆句的感嘆號。據(jù)此，上句就變成了：How b

32、eautiful the picture is !再如：要把 “ He is a good student "變成感嘆句，可如上法炮制：He is | a good student.中心詞是名詞 student,a good為修飾student的修飾語，不能去掉，故變成感嘆句應(yīng)選感嘆詞what，變成：What a good student he is!3、一斷二加三換位:例: 1） This is a beautiful flower2） This flower is beautiful .一斷”：在謂語動詞后將此句劃斷。1) This is | a beautiful flower

33、 .2) This flower is | beautiful .二加”在第二部分前加引起感嘆句的“ Wha或How"中心詞為名詞時加“ What；'是形容詞、副詞加“ How”1) What a beautiful flower2) How beauti ful 三換位”：將第一部分與第二部分對換位置。1) What a beautiful flower this is !2) How beautiful this flower is !4、句型記憶法:因how和what的詞性及其在句中的功能不同，由它們引起的感嘆句句型可歸納為7種。如果記住這7種句套子，做任何感嘆句題都易

34、如反掌。例：從題前A、B、C、D所表示的詞或短語中選擇正確答案，完成下列各句：A=WhatB=What aC=What anD=How pleasa nt surprise you gave me! good news we have got! good a TV set we ' ye bought un pleasa nt experie nee you had last year!答案依次為BADC。5、歌訣記憶法：感嘆句中what和how的選用，關(guān)鍵看形容詞后面是否有名詞。如果有，用what (a, an);如果沒有，用how(至于副詞，其前永遠(yuǎn)用how )。記住下面歌訣更方便

35、。what, how如何選?先在后面把名詞找,若有名詞用what, 若無名詞必用how。what, how提句首，其它緊跟別忘了主謂一起挪最后,常?？梢员皇〉簟?、【感嘆句專練】1.a nice watch it is!A. How B. What C. What aD. How a2.bright girls they are!A. What B. What a C. HowD. how a3.A. What B. What anC. HowD. How an4.sunny day! Let's go out for a walk.A. How a B. HowC. What a D.

36、 What5.hard work it is!A. How B. WhatC. What a D. What an6.day it is! It's rainy again.in terest ing the film is!A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine7.great day July 1,1997 will be!D. WhatA. How a B. What a C. How8.expe nsive trousers!A. What B. What a C. HowD. What an9.girl she i

37、s!A. What bright a B. How a brightC. How bright a D. What bright10.weather we have today!D. What fineA. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine11. careless he is！A. What B. How C. So much D. How much12. Oh, Joh n,you gave us!D. What pleasa nt surpriseA. How a pleasa nt surprise B. How pleasa nt surprise

38、 C. What a pleasa nt surprise13. useful work they have done!A. What B. How C. What a D. What an14. nice picture you gave me!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an15、The little boy saved his classmates in the earthquake.brave he was!A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. What an二、單選題(課本基礎(chǔ)知識)1 Which do you prefer, tea

39、 or coffee?'d like some water.A Both. B Either C Neither.D None.2 Do you think people will take pillsmeal in the future?A as B of C in D for3 I hope people will notthe earth. It will be a good place to live in/A enjoy B make C keep D pollute4 Weabout the pla n n ext week, so you must prepare for

40、 it.A have talk B will talk C would talk D talked5 Pleaseyour n ame and address on this piece of paper.A seal B sig n C write D hope6 I hope there will befood for every one, so people can live a good life.A some B anyC eno ughD little7 is happy, because New Year is coming.A NobodyB An ybodyC Somebod

41、y D Everybody8 Close the box and seal ittape.A by B with C in D for9 It makes me feel disappo in ted, so youdo that aga in.A can ' t B won' t C needn ' t D could三、適當(dāng)形式填空1 They areabout the computer in the future.(talk)2 They are from(differe nee) coun tries.3 The airis terrible.(pollute)

42、4 There will be many(city) un der the sea in the future.5 What will happe n in ten(year) time?6 Write down your name,_?(反義疑問句 )7 There will be summer and winter in the future.( 改為否定句 )Therebe summerwi nter in the future.8 There will be eno ugh food for every one in the future.（ 畫線部分提問）there be for every one in the future?9 He will be back