最新整理秦始皇陵兵馬俑英文介紹閱讀

1、秦始皇陵兵馬俑英文介紹閱讀秦始皇陵兵馬俑英文介紹篇一 Emper or Qi ns mausol eum is the largest of anci ent Chi na, situated at the northern foot of Mt Li , Li nt ongCount y, some 30m east of Xi an city,秦始皇的陵墓是古代中國最大的，位于北部的臨潼 縣驪山腳下，西安以東約30 m處,f aci ng Weishui Ri ver i n t he north, cl ose t o t he t our i st resor t Huaqi ng P

2、ool i n t he west.面朝在北面的渭河，接近西面的華清池旅游勝地T he huge and amazi ng sat el l i t e pi t of terra- cot t a war r i or s i s 1 500m east of themausol eum, di scovered i n Mar ch of 1974, by a gr oup of f ar mer s dr i l l i ng a wel l agai nst t hedr aught.巨大的、令人驚嘆的兵馬俑衛(wèi)星坑在陵墓以1 500 米處，1974年3月由一群鉆井抗旱的農(nóng)民發(fā)現(xiàn)A r

3、chaeol ogi st t he u near t hed t he t r easur e of Qi n dy nast y hi dden f or over 2 000 year s.考古學(xué)家發(fā)掘了在地下隱藏2 000年的寶藏，T he pit i s t ruly an underground mi l itary museum l ar gest worl dwi de.坑確實(shí)是世界最大的地下軍事博物館I t s d esi gn i s r at i onal a nd unique wi t h a wei ght wal l ever y 3nl di vi di ng

4、t he 5m deep pi t i nt ol anes of war r i or s neat l y ar r ayed.其設(shè)計是理性的和獨(dú)特的，每3米有重墻，把5米深 坑里整齊排列的戰(zhàn)士劃分開D ue to its hugeness and t he lack of wr i 11 en dat a, Chi nese ar chaeol ogi st s and hi st or i ans havewor ked on t he mausol eum f or decades.由于它的宏大和缺乏書面數(shù)據(jù)，中國考古學(xué)家和歷 史學(xué)家研究陵墓已經(jīng)有幾十年的的時間了F ul l sea

5、l e excavat i on i s l ef t t o t he f ut ur e, except some sci ent i f i c unear t hi ng of a f ew sat el l i t epi t s, and visitors t o t he t omb s ee only a hi l l l i ke mound.全面挖掘留給未來，除了 一些科學(xué)發(fā)掘一些衛(wèi)星坑, 游客到墓丘只能看到冰山一角 秦始皇陵兵馬俑英文介紹篇二The Terra Cotta2秦始皇陵兵馬俑Warriors and HorsesT he Terra Cotta War r i

6、 or s a nd Horses are one of the most s i gni f i cant archeological discoveries i n the 20*繼承王位之后就著手營造自己的陵墓，歷時11 年方修建完成。有人猜測，始皇帝死后有大量的寶物和 陪葬品埋入陵墓陪伴這位帝王。1974年，幾個農(nóng)民在帝 王陵寢附近打井時發(fā)掘出一些陶制品，這立即引起了考 古學(xué)家們的注意，他們在經(jīng)過大量的現(xiàn)場發(fā)掘后認(rèn)為兵 馬俑和秦代關(guān)系密切。兵馬俑博物館占地16300平方米， 由三部分組成，即分別是l號俑坑、2號俑坑和3號俑 坑。一號坑在三個坑中最大，首先于1979年中國的國 慶節(jié)當(dāng)天向

7、公眾開放。1976年發(fā)現(xiàn)的2號坑，在一號坑 東北方向20*向公眾開放。3號坑也是考古學(xué)家在1976 年發(fā)現(xiàn)的，在l號坑西北方向25米處，該俑坑看上去 像是軍隊(duì)的指揮中心。1989年公開展覽的3號坑，由 68個陶俑、一乘戰(zhàn)車和四個馬傭。迄今從這些俑坑中共 發(fā)掘出7000余件陶俑、陶馬、戰(zhàn)車和兵器，大部分經(jīng) 過修復(fù)都已重獲了昔日的威武和莊嚴(yán)。秦始壘陵兵馬俑 于1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一。3秦始皇陵兵馬俑英文介紹篇三Xi an, o nce t he c api t al of e l even Chi nese d ynast i es, i s f amous t hrou

8、ghout the wor l d for l i f e- si zed t er r a- cot t a war r i or s a nd horses. They h ave won f ame a s one o f t he g r eat est ar chaeol ogi cal f i nds of t hi s cent ur y. Back i n 1 974, whi l e d i ggi ng a wel l t o f i ght dr ought , s ome f ar mer s from L i nt ong c ount y, a bout t hi

9、r t y k i l omet er s e ast of Xi an, unear t hed some br own pot t er y f r agment s, whi ch l ed t o t he great di scovery of t he execut ed terra- cot t a l egi ons a s a n e xt er i or s ect i on o f t he mausol eum, of Qin Shi Huang o r Fi rst Emper or of t heQ n Dynast y (255-210B. C.)D et ai

10、l s o f Qin Shi Huangs t omb c an b e t r aced i nThe Hi st or i cal Recor ds ( compi l ed by Si ma Qi an) a nd l egends about i t have been wi despr ead. However, f or t echni cal reasons, t he maj or par t of t he tomb remai ns unexcavat ed t oday wi t h i t s mound still st andi ng 7 6 met er s h

11、 i gh a gai nst t he s l opes o f Mt.Li shan and f aci ng t he Hui shui Ri ver.A f t er 20 year s of car ef ul excavat i on t hr eeunderground vaul ts of f i ci al l y opened t o t he publ i c in 1979, 1989, and 1994 respectively, di spl ayi ng thousands of t er r a- cot t a war ri or s, hor ses and

12、 char i ot s, al l ar r anged i n bat t l e f or mat i ons.V aul t 1 , built with earth a nd t i mber, measur es 210 met er s l ong, 60 met er s wide and 4. 6 t o 6.5 met ers h i gh. I n t hi s area of 12, 6 00 s quare met ers, si x t housand l i f e- si zed war r i or s and hor ses of terra- cot t

13、a were f ound i n r ect angul ar bat 11 e for mat i on. The t r oops wer e of a fairly uni form hei ght o f 1. 8 met er s. T hey wear h el met s a nd armor and carry real bows and ar r ows, swor ds, l ances, j avel i ns and c r ossbows i n t hei r hands. Each c har i ot , made of wood, i s dr awn by

14、 a t eam of f our hor ses, 1. 5 meters i n hei ght. Three r ows of i nf ant r ymen make up t he vanguard of t he f or mat i on, and t hese ar e f ol l owed b y t he mai n b ody o f t he a r my, 38 r ows of t r oops. Ther e ar e al so f l ank col umns and rearguards. The a r r ay b r eat hes t he pow

15、er of Qi n ShiHuangs army.V aul t 2 is approxi mat el y one half vault I in size, housing near l y a thousand pottery war ri or s.Compared wi t h Vaul t 1, t hese war r i or s are of a l ar ger v ar i et y a nd a r r anged i n mor e c ompl ex b at t l e ar r ay. Unl ike Vaul t 1, t he war char i ot

16、s and i nf ant r ymen are a r r anged s epar at el y i n f our s quar e for mat i ons whi ch ar e l i nked t o one anot her i n a pol ygon. Agai n, however, t he war r i or s car r y r eal weapons. The pr oj ect i ng par t of t he pol ygon consi st s o f a r cher s, e i t her s t andi ng o r k neel

17、i ng, with cr ossbows or handbows and qui ver s and so appear s t o be t he vanguar d of t he phal anx.T he ar cher s are f ol l owed by a uni t of caval r ymen t o t he lef t and one of char i ot s t o t he r i ght , f or mi ng t he t wo wi ngs o f t he p hal anx. I nf ant r ymen and war char i ot

18、s br i ng up t he r ear. Each char i ot dr awn by f our horses has 11 dr i ver anddtwo assi st ant s, one on ei t her si de. The c har i ot eer s are armored and car r y spears, swor ds and cr ossbows,Indi cat i ng t hat t hey coul d engage i n l ong-r angebat ties, short-range fighting and hand-to-

19、hand combat. All the cavalrymen carry c r ossbows, a s i gn that shoot i ng on horseback was a common pr act i ce i n t he ar my at t hat time.F r om a mong t he c har i ot s a r obust a nd u nusual l y tall f i gur e at 1. 9 5 met er s h as been u near t hed. Hi s ar mor i s i nt er l i nked and ov

20、er l apped wi t h f i ner met al p i eces t han t hat of t he c ommon sol di er s, a nd he i s bel i eved t o be a hi gh- r anki ng commander of t he 1egi on.V aul t 3 i s a modest b ui l di ng mor e r esembl i ng a gal l er y. I t h as 6 9 p ot t er y war r i or s wi t h d ef ensi ve weapons and a

21、wooden char i ot pul led by f our magni f i cent horses. The st r uct ure of t he gal l ery and t he l i ne- up o f t he s ol di er s s uggest t hat t hi s was l i kel y t he h eadquar t er s o f t he t r oops of Vaul t 1 and 2.H owever, t he commander i s missing. Many ar chaeologi st s b el i eve

22、t hat s i nce t he u nder gr ound army r epr esent s t he emper or s gar r i son under hi sdirect command, no marshal was-necessary.A l t oget her ten t housand pi eces of act ual weaponry have been u near t hed f r om t he t hr ee v aul t s, including ar r ow- heads, swor ds, s pear s a nd hal ber

23、ds.Two l ong- handl ed s wor ds d ug o ut r ecent l y are still shar p and gl eami ng des pi t e t hei r bur i al f or more t han two t housand year s. Some br onze ar r ow- heads f r om V aul t 2 ar e 4 1 c m i n l engt h a nd 1 00 gr ams i n weight. They ar e t he bi ggest br onze weapons excavat

24、ed i n C hi na. I mport ant t o t he s t udy o f Qin t echnol ogy was t he d i scover y of b r onze ar r ow- heads and swords t reat ed wi t h a preservat i ve t hat has pr event ed er osi on f or 22 cent ur i es. Chemical anal ysi s reveal ed t he sword t o have been cast of an al l oy of copper, t i n and v ar i ous ot her e l ement s, i ncl udi ng ni ckel , magnesi u