機電一體化畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 譯文題目 INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY 外文資料翻譯資料來源：文章名：INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY書刊名：Digital Image Processing作 者：Y. Torres, J. J. Pavón, I. Nieto and J. A. Rodríguez出版社：武漢大學(xué)出版社，2004章 節(jié)：2.4 INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY頁 碼：P15P18 INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY （From ELECTRICAL AND MACHINERY INDUSTR

2、Y）ABSTRACTMachinery was the modern science and technology development inevitable result, this article has summarized the integration of machinery technology basic outline and the development background .Summarized the domestic and foreign integration of machinery technology present situation, has an

3、alyzed the integration of machinery technology trend of development. Key word： integration of machinery ，technology， present situation ，product t，echnique of manufacture ，trend of development 0. Introduction modern science and technology unceasing development, impelled different discipline intersect

4、ing enormously with the seepage, has caused the project domain technological revolution and the transformation .In mechanical engineering domain, because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapid development and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machi

5、nery, caused the mechanical industry the technical structure, the product organization, the function and the constitution, the production method and the management system has had the huge change, caused the industrial production to enter into "the integration of machinery" by "the mac

6、hinery electrification" for the characteristic development phase.1. Integration of machinery outline integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technolog

7、y, unifies the system the mechanism and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call. The integration of machinery development also has become one to have until now own system new discipline, not only develops along with the science and technology, but also entrusts w

8、ith the new content .But its basic characteristic may summarize is: The integration of machinery is embarks from the system viewpoint, synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanical technology, microelectronic technology, automatic control technology, computer technology, informat

9、ion technology, sensing observation and control technology, electric power electronic technology, connection technology, information conversion technology as well as software programming technology, according to the system function goal and the optimized organization goal, reasonable disposition and

10、 the layout various functions unit, in multi-purpose, high grade, redundant reliable, in the low energy consumption significance realize the specific function value, and causes the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology .From this produces functional system, then becomes an i

11、ntegration of machinery systematic or the integration of machinery product. Therefore, "integration of machinery" covering "technology" and "product" two aspects .Only is, the integration of machinery technology is based on the above community technology organic fusion

12、one kind of comprehensive technology, but is not mechanical technical, the microelectronic technology as well as other new technical simple combination, pieces together .This is the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrification which the electricity forms in the conce

13、pt basic difference .The mechanical engineering technology has the merely technical to develop the machinery electrification, still was the traditional machinery, its main function still was replaces with the enlargement physical strength .But after develops the integration of machinery, micro elect

14、ron installment besides may substitute for certain mechanical parts the original function, but also can entrust with many new functions, like the automatic detection, the automatic reduction information, demonstrate the record, the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protec

15、tion automatically and so on .Not only namely the integration of machinery product is human's hand and body extending, human's sense organ and the brains look, has the intellectualized characteristic is the integration of machinery and the machinery electrification distinguishes in the funct

16、ion essence.2. Integration of machinery development condition integration of machinery development may divide into 3 stages roughly.20th century 60's before for the first stage, this stage is called the initial stage .In this time, the people determination not on own initiative uses the electron

17、ic technology the preliminary achievement to consummate the mechanical product the performance .Specially in Second World War period, the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic technology union, these mechanical and electrical union military technology, postwar transfers civill

18、y, to postwar economical restoration positive function .Developed and the development at that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneous condition .Because at that time the electronic technology development not yet achieved certain level, mechanical technical and electronic technology union

19、also not impossible widespread and thorough development, already developed the product was also unable to promote massively. The 20th century 7080 ages for the second stage, may be called the vigorous development stage .This time, the computer technology, the control technology, the communication de

20、velopment, has laid the technology base for the integration of machinery development . Large-scale, ultra large scale integrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development, has provided the full material base for the integration of machinery development .This time characteristic is :A m

21、echatronics word first generally is accepted in Japan, probably obtains the quite widespread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in the worldwide scale ;The integration of machinery technology and the product obtained the enormous development ;The various countries start to the integration of machin

22、ery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support. 1990s later periods, started the integration of machinery technology the new stage which makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction, the integration of machinery enters the thorough development time .At th

23、e same time, optics, the communication and so on entered the integration of machinery, processes the technology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the foot, appeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integration of machinery and so on the new branch; On the other

24、 hand to the integration of machinery system modeling design, the analysis and the integrated method, the integration of machinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted the thorough research .At the same time, because the huge progress which domains and so on artificial in

25、telligence technology, neural network technology and optical fiber technology obtain, opened the development vast world for the integration of machinery technology .These research, will urge the integration of machinery further to establish the integrity the foundation and forms the integrity gradua

26、lly the scientific system. Our country is only then starts from the beginning of 1980s in this aspect to study with the application .The State Council had been established the integration of machinery leading group and lists as "863 plans" this technology .When formulated "95" th

27、e plan and in 2010 developed the summary had considered fully on international the influence which and possibly brought from this about the integration of machinery technology development trend .Many universities, colleges and institutes, the development facility and some large and middle scale ente

28、rprises have done the massive work to this technical development and the application, does not yield certain result, but and so on the advanced countries compared with Japan still has the suitable disparity. 3. Integration of machinery trend of development integrations of machinery are the collectio

29、n machinery, the electron, optics, the control, the computer, the information and so on the multi-disciplinary overlapping syntheses, its development and the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and the progress .Therefore, the integration of machinery main development

30、 direction is as follows:3.1 Intellectualized intellectualizations are 21st century integration of machinery technological development important development directions .The artificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machinery constructor's research takes, the robot and the

31、numerical control engine bed intellectualization is the important application .Here said "the intellectualization" is to the machine behavior description, is in the control theory foundation, the absorption artificial intelligence, the operations research, the computer science, the fuzzy m

32、athematics, the psychology, the physiology and the chaos dynamics and so on the new thought, the new method, simulate the human intelligence, enable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference, logical thinking, independent decision-making, obtains the higher control goal in order to .Indeed,

33、enable the integration of machinery product to have with the human identical intelligence, is not impossible, also is nonessential .But, the high performance, the high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to have preliminary intelligent or human's partial intelligence

34、s, then is completely possible and essential.In the modern manufacture process, the information has become the control manufacture industry the determining factor, moreover is the most active actuation factor .Enhances the manufacture system information-handling capacity to become the modern manufac

35、ture science development a key point .As a result of the manufacture system information organization and structure multi-level, makes the information the gain, the integration and the fusion presents draws up the character, information measure multi-dimensional, as well as information organization&#

36、39;s multi-level .In the manufacture information structural model, manufacture information uniform restraint, dissemination processing and magnanimous data aspects and so on manufacture knowledge library management, all also wait for further break through.Each kind of artificial intelligence tool an

37、d the computation intelligence method promoted the manufacture intelligence development in the manufacture widespread application .A kind based on the biological evolution algorithm computation intelligent agent, in includes the scheduling problem in the combination optimization solution area of tec

38、hnology, receives the more and more universal attention, hopefully completes the combination optimization question when the manufacture the solution speed and the solution precision aspect breaks through the question scale in pairs the restriction .The manufacture intelligence also displays in: The

39、intelligent dispatch, the intelligent design, the intelligent processing, the robot study, the intelligent control, the intelligent craft plan, the intelligent diagnosis and so on are variousThese question key breakthrough, may form the product innovation the basic research system. Between 2 modern

40、mechanical engineering front science different science overlapping fusion will have the new science accumulation, the economical development and society's progress has had the new request and the expectation to the science and technology, thus will form the front science .The front science also

41、has solved and between the solution scientific question border area .The front science has the obvious time domain, the domain and the dynamic characteristic .The project front science distinguished in the general basic science important characteristic is it has covered the key science and technolog

42、y question which the project actual appeared.Manufacture system is a complex large-scale system, for satisfies the manufacture system agility, the fast response and fast reorganization ability, must profit from the information science, the life sciences and the social sciences and so on the multi-di

43、sciplinary research results, the exploration manufacture system new architecture, the manufacture pattern and the manufacture system effective operational mechanism .Makes the system optimization the organizational structure and the good movement condition is makes the system modeling , the simulati

44、on and the optimized essential target .Not only the manufacture system new architecture to makes the enterprise the agility and may reorganize ability to the demand response ability to have the vital significance, moreover to made the enterprise first floor production equipment the flexibility and m

45、ay dynamic reorganization ability set a higher request .The biological manufacture view more and more many is introduced the manufacture system, satisfies the manufacture system new request.The study organizes and circulates method and technique of complicated system from the biological phenomenon,

46、is a valid exit which will solve many hard nut to cracks that manufacturing industry face from now on currently .Imitating to living what manufacturing point is mimicry living creature organ of from the organization, from match more, from growth with from evolution etc. function structure and circul

47、ate mode of a kind of manufacturing system and manufacturing process.The manufacturing drives in the mechanism under, continuously by one's own perfect raise on organizing structure and circulating mode and thus to adapt the process ofwith ability for the environment .For from descend but the la

48、st product proceed together a design and make a craft rules the auto of the distance born, produce system of dynamic state reorganization and product and manufacturing the system tend automatically excellent provided theories foundation and carry out a condition .Imitate to living a manufacturing to

49、 belong to manufacturing science and life science of"the far good luck is miscellaneous to hand over", it will produce to the manufacturing industry for 21 centuries huge of influence . 機電一體化摘要機電一體化是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果,本文簡述了機電一體化技術(shù)的基本概要和發(fā)展背景。綜述了國內(nèi)外機電一體化技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀，分析了機電一體化技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢。關(guān)鍵詞機電一體化 技術(shù) 現(xiàn)狀 產(chǎn)品 制造技

50、術(shù) 發(fā)展趨勢1緒論現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，極大地推動了不同學(xué)科的交叉與滲透，導(dǎo)致了工程領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)革命與改造。在機械工程領(lǐng)域，由于微電子技術(shù)和計算機技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展及其向機械工業(yè)的滲透所形成的機電一體化，使機械工業(yè)的技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)品機構(gòu)、功能與構(gòu)成、生產(chǎn)方式及管理體系發(fā)生了巨大變化，使工業(yè)生產(chǎn)由"機械電氣化"邁入了"機電一體化"為特征的發(fā)展階段。2機電一體化概要機電一體化是指在機構(gòu)得主功能、動力功能、信息處理功能和控制功能上引進(jìn)電子技術(shù)，將機械裝置與電子化設(shè)計及軟件結(jié)合起來所構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)的總稱。機電一體化發(fā)展至今也已成為一門有著自身體系的新型學(xué)科，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的

51、不但發(fā)展，還將被賦予新的內(nèi)容。但其基本特征可概括為：機電一體化是從系統(tǒng)的觀點出發(fā)，綜合運用機械技術(shù)、微電子技術(shù)、自動控制技術(shù)、計算機技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)、傳感測控技術(shù)、電力電子技術(shù)、接口技術(shù)、信息變換技術(shù)以及軟件編程技術(shù)等群體技術(shù)，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)功能目標(biāo)和優(yōu)化組織目標(biāo)，合理配置與布局各功能單元，在多功能、高質(zhì)量、高可靠性、低能耗的意義上實現(xiàn)特定功能價值，并使整個系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)化的系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)。由此而產(chǎn)生的功能系統(tǒng)，則成為一個機電一體化系統(tǒng)或機電一體化產(chǎn)品。因此，"機電一體化"涵蓋"技術(shù)"和"產(chǎn)品"兩個方面。只是，機電一體化技術(shù)是基于上述群體技術(shù)有機融合

52、的一種綜合技術(shù)，而不是機械技術(shù)、微電子技術(shù)以及其它新技術(shù)的簡單組合、拼湊。這是機電一體化與機械加電氣所形成的機械電氣化在概念上的根本區(qū)別。機械工程技術(shù)有純技術(shù)發(fā)展到機械電氣化，仍屬傳統(tǒng)機械，其主要功能依然是代替和放大的體力。但是發(fā)展到機電一體化后，其中的微電子裝置除可取代某些機械部件的原有功能外，還能賦予許多新的功能，如自動檢測、自動處理信息、自動顯示記錄、自動調(diào)節(jié)與控制自動診斷與保護(hù)等。即機電一體化產(chǎn)品不僅是人的手與肢體的延伸，還是人的感官與頭腦的眼神，具有智能化的特征是機電一體化與機械電氣化在功能上的本質(zhì)區(qū)別。3機電一體化的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r機電一體化的發(fā)展大體可以分為3個階段。20世紀(jì)60年代以前

53、為第一階段，這一階段稱為初級階段。在這一時期，人們自覺不自覺地利用電子技術(shù)的初步成果來完善機械產(chǎn)品的性能。特別是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，戰(zhàn)爭刺激了機械產(chǎn)品與電子技術(shù)的結(jié)合，這些機電結(jié)合的軍用技術(shù)，戰(zhàn)后轉(zhuǎn)為民用，對戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)的恢復(fù)起了積極的作用。那時研制和開發(fā)從總體上看還處于自發(fā)狀態(tài)。由于當(dāng)時電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展尚未達(dá)到一定水平，機械技術(shù)與電子技術(shù)的結(jié)合還不可能廣泛和深入發(fā)展，已經(jīng)開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品也無法大量推廣。20世紀(jì)7080年代為第二階段，可稱為蓬勃發(fā)展階段。這一時期，計算機技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為機電一體化的發(fā)展奠定了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。大規(guī)模、超大規(guī)模集成電路和微型計算機的迅猛發(fā)展，為機電一體化的發(fā)展提供了充分的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。這個時期的特點是：首先在日本被普遍接受，大約到20世紀(jì)80年代末期在世界范圍內(nèi)得到比較廣泛的承認(rèn)；機電一體化技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品得到了極大發(fā)展；各國均開始對機電一體化技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品給以很大的關(guān)注和支持。化進(jìn)入深入發(fā)展時期。一方面，光學(xué)、通信技術(shù)等進(jìn)入了20世紀(jì)90年代后期，開始了機電一體化技術(shù)向智能化方向邁進(jìn)的新階段，機電一體機電一體化，微細(xì)加工技術(shù)也在機電一體化中嶄露頭腳，出現(xiàn)了光機電一體化和微機電一體化等新分支；另一方面對機電一體化系統(tǒng)的建模設(shè)計、分析和集成方法，機電一體化的學(xué)科體系和發(fā)展趨