2014臨床醫(yī)師三基考試試題

1、臨床醫(yī)師三基考試試題（卷） 科室： 姓名： 分?jǐn)?shù)：一、單選題。（每題2分，共40分）1、心肌的血液來(lái)自（ ）A.胸主動(dòng)脈的分支 B.主動(dòng)脈弓的分支 C.左右冠狀動(dòng)脈 D.胸廓內(nèi)動(dòng)脈 E.心包膈動(dòng)脈2、迷走神經(jīng)為（ ）A.內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動(dòng)纖維支配全身平滑肌運(yùn)動(dòng) B.內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動(dòng)纖維支配全身腺體分泌活動(dòng) C.內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動(dòng)纖維支配喉嚨肌運(yùn)動(dòng) D.內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動(dòng)纖維支配心肌 E.內(nèi)臟感覺(jué)纖維管理全身粘膜感覺(jué)3、最重要的消化液是（ ）A.唾液 B.胃液 C.膽液 D.胰液 E.腸液4、心室肌的前負(fù)荷是指( )A.右心房壓力 B.射血期心室內(nèi)壓 C.心室舒張末期壓 D.大動(dòng)脈血壓 E.等容收縮期心室內(nèi)壓5、下述鉀的生理功能中，

2、哪項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)的（ ）A.參與細(xì)胞內(nèi)糖和蛋白質(zhì)的代謝 B.高鉀使神經(jīng)肌肉興奮性降低 C.參與靜息電位的形成 D.高鉀抑制心肌收縮 E.維持細(xì)胞內(nèi)的滲透壓6、對(duì)脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)消化作用最強(qiáng)的消化液是（ ）A.胃液 B.膽液 C.胰液 D.小腸液 E.唾液7、病原菌侵入血液并在其中大量繁殖，造成機(jī)體嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷，引起嚴(yán)重的癥狀稱為（ ）A.毒血癥 B.菌血癥 C.敗血癥 D.膿毒血癥 E.病毒血癥8、免疫系統(tǒng)包括（ ）A.胸腺、骨髓 B.T細(xì)胞、B細(xì)胞 C.免疫器官、免疫細(xì)胞 D.免疫器官、免疫分子 E.免疫組織、免疫器官、免疫細(xì)胞、免疫分子9、化驗(yàn)結(jié)果：HbsAg(+)、HbeAg（+）、抗- HBC（+）、

3、抗Hbe（-）、抗- HB(-),該病人為（ ）A.乙型肝炎病毒感染潛伏期 B.急性乙型肝炎 C.乙型肝炎恢復(fù)期 D.急性甲型肝炎 E.乙肝疫苗接種后的反應(yīng)10、殺滅細(xì)菌芽胞最有效的方法是（ ）A.煮沸法 B.巴氏消毒法 C.高壓蒸汽滅菌法 D.紫外線照射 E.90%乙醇消毒11、青霉素過(guò)敏性休克是屬于( )A.型超敏反應(yīng) B.型超敏反應(yīng) C.型超敏反應(yīng) D.型超敏反應(yīng) E.免疫耐受12、注射破傷風(fēng)抗毒素（TAT）的作用是（ ）A.中和白喉外毒素 B.中和破傷風(fēng)外毒素 C.中和所有的外毒素 D.中和病毒 E.刺激人體產(chǎn)生抗毒素13、被狂犬咬傷的傷口最好采用（ ）A.弱酸沖洗 B.20%肥皂水沖

4、洗 C.過(guò)氧化氫溶液沖洗 D.食醋沖洗 E.90%乙醇沖洗14、機(jī)體發(fā)熱時(shí)常出現(xiàn)（ ）A.低滲性脫水 B.等滲性脫水 C.高滲性脫水 D.水中毒 E.水腫15、DIC最主要的病理特征是（ ）A.大量微血栓形成 B.凝血功能失常 C.纖溶過(guò)程亢進(jìn) D.凝血物質(zhì)大量消耗 E.溶血性貧血16、肝性腦病的正確概念應(yīng)是（ ）A.肝臟疾病并發(fā)腦部疾病 B.肝功能衰竭并發(fā)腦水腫 C.肝功能衰竭所致的昏迷 D.肝功能衰竭所致的精神紊亂性疾病 E.嚴(yán)重肝病所致的神經(jīng)精神綜合征17、短期內(nèi)大量丟失小腸液常首先出現(xiàn)（ ）A.高滲性脫水 B.低滲性脫水 C.等滲性脫水 D.低鈉血癥 E.高鉀血18、腎性水腫首先出現(xiàn)的

5、問(wèn)題是（ ）A.上肢 B.下肢 C.腹腔 D.眼瞼 E.下垂部位18、阿托品禁用于（ ）A.青光眼 B.感染性休克 C.有機(jī)磷中毒 D.腸痙攣 E.虹膜睫狀體炎19、用氯丙嗪治療精神病時(shí)最常見(jiàn)的不良反應(yīng)是（ ）A.體位性低血壓 B.過(guò)敏反應(yīng) C.內(nèi)分泌障礙 D.消化系統(tǒng)癥狀 E.錐體外系反應(yīng)20、強(qiáng)心苷降低心房纖顫病人的心室率的機(jī)制是（ ）A.降低心室肌自律性 B.改善心肌缺血狀態(tài) C.降低心房肌的自律性 D.降低房室結(jié)中的隱匿性傳導(dǎo) E.增加房室結(jié)中的隱匿性傳導(dǎo)二、判斷題。(每題1分，共10分)1、腓總神經(jīng)損傷后產(chǎn)生的主要癥狀是足不能背屈、外翻。（ ）2、人體只有心肌才有自動(dòng)節(jié)律性。（ ）3

6、、膽囊炎病人吃油膩蛋白食物可誘發(fā)膽絞痛。（ ）4、毒血癥是指病原菌以及它產(chǎn)生的毒素均進(jìn)入血液。（ ）5、人體腸道菌群中99.9%是厭氧菌，大腸桿菌等僅占0.1%。（ ）6、艾滋病的病原體是人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。（ ）7、DIC病人出現(xiàn)貧血的主要原因是因大量出血后，血液稀釋所致。（ ）8、肺水腫時(shí)，氣體彌散距離增大，導(dǎo)致氣體彌散障礙。（ ）9、血紅蛋白尿顯微鏡下可見(jiàn)大量紅細(xì)胞。（ ）10、嬰兒睡覺(jué)后應(yīng)待其醒后再哺乳（ ）三、填空題。（每題2分，共40分）1、男性尿道的2個(gè)彎曲為 和 。男性尿道的3個(gè)狹窄為 、 和 。2、父親為AB型，母親為O型，其子女血型可能為 。3、影響血壓的主要因素是

7、 ， 。4、滅菌是指殺滅 的方法。5、病毒傳播的方式有 和 兩種。6、免疫的基本功能是 、 、 。7、成人24小時(shí)尿量少于 mL稱為少尿，24小時(shí)尿量超 過(guò) mL稱為多尿。8、 是反映呼吸性酸堿平衡紊亂的重要指標(biāo)。9.骨折急救的目的是： ， ， 四、問(wèn)答題。（每題5分，共10分）1、正常人的血量有多少？2、何為麥?zhǔn)宵c(diǎn)？有何臨床意義？situation, causing the livelihood of 100 tailings project management project and South Mining Technology in two engineering work lag.

8、 Corrective measures: (LED Leadership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a long time) 1, strictly abide by the party's political discipline. Strictly abide by the constitution, the principle of Party organization and party political life standards, do not spread

9、against the party's theory and policy advice, not contrary to published The central and provincial Party committee decided to talk, not to divulge the secrets of the party and the state, do not make no illegal organization and participate in various activities, political, spread rumors and false

10、 information, not to publish lossy unity of speech, do not damage the unity of things, and never allow individuals above the organization. 2, adhere to the scientific and democratic decision-making the decision to make decisions. Correctly handle to ensure that government decrees and based on the ac

11、tual creative work, giving full play to subjective initiative, put an end to implement the conference meeting, to document the implementation of documents and so on. To improve the scientific and democratic decision-making mechanism, improve and implement the decision to solicit opinions, experts, p

12、ublic hearings and other health system. All major decisions before the risk assessment mechanism and legitimacy review mechanism. Adhere to the interests of the masses and the intention reflected in the policy making process and carry out the work, not acting on their behalf, "across the board&

13、quot; and coercion. (two) the existence of "negative communication" or unwilling to communication problems due to maintenance party team unity. The team members of the division of responsibilities, temperament, interestsDifferences in demand, often leads to different views, different opini

14、ons. Individual members of organization and coordination ability, team spirit is not good, work style is not real, simple working methods, lack of knowledge of the wisdom of the people, forgiveness and art for the people, can not deal with different opinions, there are "self sweep the snow in f

15、ront of the door, all kinds of responsibility fields". Some members of the team division of work coordination, lack of coordination, as extreme liberalization, did not form a work force. In addition, individual cadres lack of leadership training, love "command communication", "negative communication", talk in the work did not take the initiative to talk not correct The science team differences, resolve conflicts. Corrective measures: (LED Leadership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a lon