6-化工裝置常用詞匯1

1、化工裝置 詞匯 二. 工藝 流程連續(xù)過(guò) 程continuous process間歇過(guò)程batch process工藝敘 述process description工藝 特點(diǎn)process feature操作operation反應(yīng)reaction副反應(yīng)side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation傾析decantation催化反 應(yīng)catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis過(guò)濾filtration干燥drying還原reduction氧化oxidation氫化hydrogenation分解d

2、ecomposition離解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption結(jié)晶crystallization溶解solution調(diào)節(jié)modulate控制control懸浮suspension循環(huán)circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation瀝取leaching破碎crushing煅燒caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation氣化gasification冷凍refrigeration固化、結(jié) 晶solidifi包裝package升華sublimati

3、on燃燒combustion引燒ignition蒸餾distillation碳化carbonization壓縮compression化工裝置 詞匯三、化 學(xué) 物質(zhì) 及特性固體solid液體liquid氣體gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片狀 粉未 flake小粒granule結(jié)晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent還原 劑reducing agent有機(jī)物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor貧液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮

4、凝劑flocculants冷凍鹽 水brine酸度acidity濃度concentration堿度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固點(diǎn)solidificalion point沸點(diǎn)boiling point熔點(diǎn)melting point蒸發(fā)率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)無(wú)水的anhydrous(a)外觀appearance無(wú)色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化劑catalyst燃燒combustion

5、引燃ignition自然點(diǎn)self-ignition temperature可燃?xì)怏wcombustible gas可燃液體inflammable liquid易燃液體volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性 環(huán) 境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸極限explosive concentration limit廢水waste water廢液waste liquid廢氣off-gas噪聲noise pollution成分composition撓度deflection力和力矩force and moment彎矩bending moment應(yīng)力 -應(yīng)變 曲 線stress-strain diagram百分比percentage環(huán)境溫度ambient temperature工作溫度operat