ModalVerbs情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、Modal Verbs情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(A):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的根本用法：(1)后接動(dòng)詞原形(2).否認(rèn)句：后加not (3).疑問句：提前(1) . We should care for others.(2) . I can not swim.(3) . May I come in?一.can, could1.表水平:能,會(huì)1 1). Can you speak English? (2). I can't swim.2 .表許可：可以(1) . Can I use your telephone? Yes, you can. No, you can't.Could I use your tel

2、ephone? Yes, you can. No, you can't. (could 語氣委婉)(2) . You can't park your car here.(不可以)(3) 殊句式(1) . can not/nevertoo 或 can'tenough越越好,無論怎樣也不過分You can't be too careful. 越認(rèn)真越好 .You can't work too hard.工作越努力越好.I can't thank you enough. 感謝不盡.(2) . can't help doing sth.,情不自禁

3、can't but doHe couldn't help crying.When a close friend dies, you can't but feel sad.can與be able to的區(qū)別(1) .時(shí)態(tài)：can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) can和過去時(shí)could,而be able to有各種時(shí)態(tài)(2) .主語：can的主語指人也指物,而be able to只指人二.may, might1 .表許可May I come in? Yes, you may. No, you mustn 't.Might I come in? Yes, you may. No, y

4、ou mustn 't.(語氣委婉)2 .表祝愿May you succeed. May you live to 100 years. May God be with you.(愿上帝保佑你.)3 .用于目的狀語從句和 讓步狀語從句中(1) . He speaks English slowly so that (in order that) his students may (can) follow him.(2) . Whatever he may say, I don't believe hime.4 .特殊Z構(gòu) may/might as well do sth.還是做 的

5、好You may as well go to Beijing next Monday.Since we have nothing to do, we may as well go for a walk.三.must1 .表命令,義務(wù)：必須,必要(1) . Must I go now? Yes, you must. No, you needn 't.(2) . You must do as you are told.(3) . Cars mustn't be parked here.mustn't不準(zhǔn),不允許,needn't不必,沒必要第1頁2 .表必然性：不免,

6、肯定(1) . All men must die.人不免一死.(2) .Careless reading must give but poor results.讀書不用功,成績(jī)肯定不好 .(3) 固執(zhí)：硬要,偏要Why must you be so stubborn?你為什么偏要這么固執(zhí)呢？If you must know why, I 'll tell you the reason.四.shall1 .用于第一人稱的問句,征求對(duì)方的意見或指示(1) . Shall I shut the door? Yes, please.比照May I have a look?我可以看一下嗎？ Ye

7、s, you may.Shall I have a look?我看一下好嗎？ Yes, please.2 .用于二,三人稱,表命令,允假設(shè),警告,決心(1) . You shall (must) go to the front 前線 at once.(命令)(2) . Don't worry. You shall get the answer this afternoon.(允假設(shè))(3) . He shall be sorry one day. I tell you.(警告)(4) . Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollu

8、tion.( 決心)3 .用于法律,條文中(1) . The fine shall be given in cash.罰款應(yīng)以現(xiàn)金交納.(2) .It shall be unlawful for any person to keep any wild animal in captivity. 任何人圈養(yǎng)任何野生動(dòng)物都是違法的.五.should1 .表義務(wù),責(zé)任：應(yīng)該You should apologize to him.We should attend the meeting.2 .表驚訝,遺憾：竟然,居然(1) . I'm surprised that you should spea

9、k in such a way.(2) . I'm glad that your story should win the first prize.3 .用于疑問句,表驚訝：究竟是,到底(1) . Why should you think that way?(2) . Who should come in? but my friend betty!我當(dāng)是誰進(jìn)來了呢,原來是我的朋友 Betty.4 .用于條件狀語從句(虛擬語氣)中：一旦,萬一(1) . If she should know the truth, she would be greatly depressed.( 失望)(2

10、) . If you should change your mind, let us know.(3) . She gave me a list just in case I should forget what to buy.(4) . He ran away for fear that he should be caught.六.would1.表過去常常(1) . When I was a child, I would go swimming.(2) . Should come to me just when I was busy.2 .表請(qǐng)求,語氣委婉(1) . Would you ta

11、ke a seat?請(qǐng)你坐下好嗎？(2) . Would you mind my opening the window?3 .用于表將來的虛擬語氣中；愿意,樂意If you would go there instead of me, I should ( 會(huì))be very glad.4 .用于否認(rèn)句中,表事物暫時(shí)的特性：就是不The window wouldn 't open.My car wouldn 't start.(B).情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)must可能性最大：肯定,一定should:應(yīng)該會(huì),一定會(huì),很可能,表將來can/could :有時(shí)候會(huì)(用于肯定句),can/cou

12、ld 一般用于疑問句和否認(rèn)句may :也許(語氣不肯定)might:可能性最小,也許(語氣不肯定)would :大概是,可能是,似乎是(一).情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形：對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)硗茰y(cè)(疑問句和否認(rèn)句只能用can ,could)(1) . It's already 12:30. You be hungry now.(2) . The light is still on. He be working in the office now.(3) . He is always hunting the lions, so terrible things happen to him.(4) . -Wh

13、ere are you now?-I'm on the bus. I be back in ten minutes.(5) . Jogging (慢跑)be harmful for the health.(6) . London be rather cold in summer while I stayed there for years.(7) . Mr. Bush is on tine for everything. How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(8) . Michael(not) be a policem

14、an, for he 's too shout.(9) . He be in the classroom. I 'll go and make sure.(10) . -Are you coming to Jeff 's party?-I'm not sure. I go to the concert instead.(11) . That be in spring 1964.(12) . I be about ten when my brother left home.(2) .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done表對(duì)過去的推測(cè)1. must have done (一

15、定,肯定)I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.2. may/might have done (也許,可能)Tom hasn't come back yet. He may have missed the bus again.Sorry I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and goneback to sleep again.3. can't/couldn 't have done 沖可能)Jack can't have

16、arrived yet; otherwise he would have telephoned me.My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he couldn 't have attended your lecture.(3) .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表責(zé)備1. should (ought to) have done 過去該做的而沒有做should not (ought not to ) have done 過去不該做的而做了(1) . We should have studied last night, but

17、 we went to the concert instead.(2) . We shouldn't gone to the concert last night, because we had much homework to do.(3) . They ought not to have let you out of hospital so soon; otherwise, you would feel better.2. could have done過去本來可以做而沒有做-1 didn't go to class last night because my car br

18、oke down.-You could have borrowed mine. I wasn t using it.3. might have done過去本來會(huì)而沒有You are lucky enough. You might have been killed like that.4. needn't have done過去本來沒必要做而做了They needn't have hurried because there were much time left.Exercises1. .-Is the North Lake beautiful?-It be, but it i

19、s now heavily polluted.A. will B. would C. should D. must2. - What does the sign read?- No person smoke in this area.A. A. will B. may C. shall D. must3. She looks very happy. She have passed the exam.A. should B. could C. must D. might4. Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.-You it in the wrong place.A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put5. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have