冠詞語法講解

1、冠詞語法講解冠詞是置于名詞前，幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物是泛指還是特指的一種虛詞。冠詞不能離開名詞而單獨存在。冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞。the是定冠詞，a和an是不定冠詞。定冠詞定冠詞the用以特指人或事物，表示名詞所指的人或事物是同類中的特定的一 個，以區(qū)別于同類中其他的人或事物，相當于“那個”或“這個”意思。它可 以和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用。1. 基本用法：The通常有明確的所指，可以用在上文提到過的人或事物，例如：I have abird .The bird is white.還可以用在談話雙方都知道的人或者事物前面，可以和單詞可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞放在一

2、起使用。例如：What do you think of the movie？Where are the keys ? The milk is on the table.2.拓展用法用法實例1）用在單詞可數(shù)名詞前面，表示某一 類人或事物，這和不定冠詞的用法相 似The steel workers make steel.The horse is a useful ani mal.2）用在世界上獨一無二的事物或方位 等名詞前面Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?I live to the west of the Summer Palace.3）用在樂器前面He

3、 can play the pia no.4）表示兩者中“較的一個”He is the taller of the two boys.5）用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級及only所修飾的名詞前面January is the first month of the year.Win ter is the coldest seas on of the year.He is the only person who wontcome.6）用在江河湖海、山川群島的名稱前 面The West Lake ;the Pacific Ocea n; theAlps7）用在由普通名詞和另外一些詞構(gòu)成 的專有名詞前面the

4、 Beijing Railway Stationthe Peoples Republic of China the United states8）表示“一家人”或“夫婦二人”The Brow ns are ki nd to us.9）用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人或the rich , the poor ,the old ,the事物young, the disabled, the woun ded10）用在固定結(jié)構(gòu)“動詞+sb.+介詞the+某一部位”My teacher ofte n pats me on the shoulderand en courages me to work hard

5、.The policema n caught the thief by thearm.必備詞組(1)與時間相關的短語all the time 一直in the day 在白天in the past 在過去the n ext day 第二天at the same time 同時in the morni ng 在上午the day before yesterday 前天in the 1990 s /1990s 在 20 世紀 90 年代(2)與地點相關的短語at the foot of在 的腳下in the front of在的前邊on the way to在去的路上in/on/to the ea

6、st of在的東部on the right / left在右邊/左邊in the sky在空中in the world在世界上in/on the street在街道上at the back of在 的后邊in the middle of在-的中間（3）其他固定短語make the bed鋪床on the whole總之a(chǎn)ll the time完全一樣by the way順便問一下with the help of在.的幫助下go to the cin ema去看電影不定冠詞不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，用于單數(shù)名詞前，表示微弱的“一”的概念，用 來泛指事物，但并不強調(diào)數(shù)目。a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前

7、，an用于元音音素開 頭的詞前。用法實例1）用來表示數(shù)量“一”，意思和one差 不多，但數(shù)量概念比one弱There is a table and four chairs in the room.We are going to have an En glish less ontomorrow.2）用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，指人或 事物的某一類A child needs love.（指孩子這一類人）A horse is much smaller tha n anelepha nt.（指馬這一類動物和大象這一 類動物）3）泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明是何 人或何物A boy is wait ing

8、 for you at the school gate.I am reading an interesting story.4）用在表示“單位”，如時間、速度、 價格等意義的名詞前，表示“每一”I love junk food too, and I eat it two or threetimes a week.He drove his car along the highway eightkilometers an hour.5）用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又一”You will have to do it a sec ond time.I have three books, I want t

9、o buy a fourthone.6）用在一些專有名詞前表示泛指的“一 個”A Mr White rang you this morni ng. She is aChinese now working as an engin eer inAmerica.7）用來表示某種身份、職業(yè)、地位、國 籍。在這種用法中，幾乎沒有“一”的 概念，只是強調(diào)一種身份、職業(yè)、地 位，a /an常不翻譯。I want to be an engin eer.The duty of a doctor is to try to save peoples lives.8）用于表示動作意義的名詞前。具有動 作意義的名詞與動

10、詞have，take，make give等構(gòu)成短語，表示一種短暫have a look have a walk have a resttake a look take a walk take a半小時剛才從前微笑著零冠詞零冠詞主要指不使用冠詞的情況，不包括冠詞省略的情況用法實例1）物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞前不 用冠詞Music is a uni versal la nguage. Beijing is thecapital of China.2）表示泛指的復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞Teleph ones are still play ing an important rolein people

11、 s life.3）月份、星期、節(jié)日、季節(jié)等名詞前不 用冠詞注意：當談論具體的季節(jié)、日期和中國傳 統(tǒng)節(jié)日時常用定冠詞。I have bee n work ing for this compa ny sinceSeptember 2010.Valentine s Day is a special day on whichpeople show their love to those they love.I don t like the spring of Beijing. The Mid-Autumn Festival, The Spr ing Festival and theLantern F

12、estival are three importa nt traditi onalChin ese festivals.4）表示三餐或球類運動的名詞前注意：如果有定語修飾表示三餐的名詞或 者是特指某一頓飯，則要加冠詞Do you like play ing ice hockey or rugby?At weeke nds, 1 ofte n help my mum cookbreakfast.Because I had a heavy breakfast ,I don t wantto eat anything now. The breakfast I had thismorning was

13、too light.5）表示學科、語言的名詞前不用冠詞We lear ned arithmetic at eleme ntary school.Chin ese is spoke n by the largest nu mber ofpeople and En glish is spoke n the most widely.性動作時，此名詞前的不定冠詞一般不 可缺少。turngive a smile give a shout take a break必備詞組因此a great deal 大量in a mome nt 立刻in a hurry急匆匆地in a word總之in a loud v

14、oice 大聲地as a resulthalf an houra mome nt agoonce upon a timewith a smile6）表示職位、頭銜、稱呼的名詞前不用 冠詞Doctor, I m not feeling myself today.George Smith was just assig nedpreside nt of the compa ny.7）單數(shù)名詞相對應使用時不用冠詞arm in arm 臂彎著臂 day and ni ght日日夜夜day after day日復一日地day by day 一天天地 hand in hand 手拉手地8）不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠

15、詞Health is the nu mber one factor that people areconcerned about.9）名詞前已有指示代詞、形容詞性物主 代詞或限定詞時My pen is much more expe nsive tha n yours.He went to some place in France.10） by 與表示交通工具的名詞連用表示 一種交通方式時，名詞前不用冠詞I go to school by bike every day. Now manypeople want to travel by pla ne.溫馨提示零冠詞的使用口訣月、季、星期、節(jié)假、洲

16、、稱呼、頭銜、職務前；三餐、球類、慣用語；學科、棋類 名詞前必備詞組at best 充其量at breakfast 早早餐時at ni ght 在晚上at college在上大學at dusk 在黃昏時at dawn 在拂曉時at first 起初at first sight 乍一看ask for advice 征求建議ask for help 尋求幫助ask for trouble找麻煩catch fire 著火come back to life蘇醒do good/harm to . 對.有好處/害處冠詞真題1.（2015 甘肅省，語法與情景會話） Danny s grandmother i

17、s ill in /hospital. He will to there to see her after school.2.（2015 甘肅） Staying with families and friends is one of the happiest_things in the world.3.（2014 甘肅，詞匯）He has already tried a third time and I am sure he will make it.4.（2014 甘肅，語法與情景會話） -What s the matter with you? -I have atoothache.5.（2

18、013 甘肅，語法與會話）This is the book I told you about yesterday.6 （2012 甘肅，語法與會話） Middle school students don t need to go to /_school on weeke nds. They can go to a park for fun with their pare nts or frien ds.7.（2016 蘭州市，單詞填空）Cheer up ! You will get an A in the listeningtest.&（ 2015 蘭州市，完形填空）Once ther

19、e lived an unhappy king who slept badlyand didn t feel like eating anything. This made the queen and his people worried.9. （2016 甘南，語法與會話）There is a book in my backpack. The book is veryheavy.10.（2014 蘭州，單選）play ing / basketball.She likes play ing the pia no; her brother likes11.（2014 蘭州，任務完形） One d

20、ay, all feelings were on vacation on anisla nd, each was hav ing a good time.12.（2016 甘南，單選）uni versity.I study very hard so that I can get into a_13.（2015 甘南，單選） It s a fine day today . Let s play / soccer.14.（2015 甘南，單選） Our Chinese teacher told us an interesting story andthe story was about Thomas Edis on.15.（2014 甘南，單選） Do you know a UFO Ian ded on Beiji ng yesterday.16 （ 2013 西北師大附中，單選） What do you think of this grammar book?17.（2014 西北師大附中，單選） Before I watched the 3-D film