2018年成人高考專升本英語考試真題和參考答案解析(一)

1、2017年成人高考專升本英語真題及參考答案第1卷(選擇題，共125分)(5points)Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA,B,CandD.Comparetheunderlinedpartsandiden-tifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

2、Sheet.1.A.penaltyB.momentC.quarrelD.absent2.A.sympathyB.material_C.courageD.analysis3.A.starvationB.suggestion_C.satisfaction_D.situation_4.A.donkey_B.turkeyC.money_D.obey_5.A.reviseB.consistC.advertiseD.visitn.VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.For

3、eachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.6. JonathanandJoeleftthehousetogofor_aftersupper.A.walkB.thewalkC.wallksD.awalk7. Hepointedatthenewcarandasked,"isit?Haveyoueverseenitbefore?"C. WhoD.W

4、hose8. Myfatherasked_tohelpwithhiswork.A.IandTomB.TomandmeC.meandTomD.TomandI9. Nowadayslittleknowledge_tobeadangerousthing.A.seemB.seemedC.doesseemD.doseem10. Iftheirmarketingteamsucceeds,they_theirprofitsby20percent.A.willincreaseB.wouldbeincreasingC.willhaveincreasedD.wouldhavebeenincreasing11. Y

5、ou'dbettertakethesedocumentswithyou_youneedthemforthemeeting.A.unlessB.incaseC.untilD.sothat12. Ihaven'tbeentoapopfestivalbeforeandMikehasn't_A.tooB.aswellC.neitherD.eitherisknowntotheworld,MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter.A.AsB.OnceC.ThatD.It14. Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewer

6、eseveralpagesinthedictionary.A. lackingB. losingC. missingD.dropping15. Notuntilthegamehadbegun_atthesportsground.A.shouldhehavearrivedB.wouldhehavearrivedC.didhearriveD.hadhearrived16. Moviegoersknowthatmanyspecialeffectsarecreatedbycomputers,theyoftendon'tknowisthatthesescenesstillrequirealoto

7、fwork.A.ThatB.WhomC.WhatD.How17. Thepresidentistogiveaformal_attheopeningceremony.A.speechB.debateC.discussionD.argument18. WhenIamconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes_,andIcanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.A.faintB.blankC.darkD.blind19. Iftheyarewillingtolendusthemoneyweneed,allourproblemswillbe_

8、A.solvedB.causedC.coveredD.met20. Thisarticle_moreattentiontotheproblemofculturalconflicts.A.caresforB.allowsforC.appliesforD.callsform.Cloze(30points)Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B0CandD.Choosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorresp

9、ondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Whatenablessomepeopletogetbigcreativebreakthroughswhileothersonlygetsmallandnon-creativebreakdowns,blamingthemselvesandsociety?Aresomepeople"gifted"?Arethereotherfactors21work-factorsthatwehavemorecontroloverthanwethink?Whilenobodycandenythe22thatsomepeopleseem

10、tobeblessedwithparticularcreativity,researchshowsthatanyonecan23theirchancesofcomingupwithnewandoriginalideas24theywouldonlyengagethemselvesmoreintheprocessof25.It'stheoldThomasEdisonthingabout"discovery2699percentperspiration（汗水）and1percentinspiration."27,thestudiesprovethis:greatcrea

11、tivebreakthroughsusuallyhappenonly28intenseperiodsofstruggle.Itissustainedefforttowardsaspecificgoal29eventuallypreparesforgreatcreativeinsights.Thiskindofsustainedeffortdoesnotalways30immediateresults,afactthatnotonlyseparatestheinnovators（革新者）fromnon-innovators,but31leadssomepeopletoconcludethatit

12、isjustnot32forthem."MaybeIshouldhavegonetomedicalschoollikemymotherwanted,"theywonderwhenthebreakthroughis33tobefound.Alas,oneforgetsduringinevitableencounters34self-doubt,thatthebigsurpriseisnever35.Indeed,itcanhappenatanytimeandplace.21. A. toB. inC. at22.A.issueB.problemC.reasonD.fact23

13、.A.missB.reduceC.increase24.A.becauseB.ifC.whileD.whether25.A.creationB.practiceC.productionD.achievement26.A.beingB.beC.wasD.were27.A.SoonerorlaterB.SomedayorotherC.EverynowandthenD.Timeandagain28.A.beyondB.afterC.aboveD.through29.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.as30.A.createB.produceC.inspireD.encourage31.A.to

14、oB.onceC.againD.also32.A.goodB.difficultC.possibleD.stupid33.A.anywhereB.everywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere34.A.againstB.acrossC.withD.into35.A.farawayB.usedupC.clearedoffD.nearbyIV.ReadingComprehension(60points)Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.Foreac

15、hquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandthebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneDebateisavaluablewaytopractisecommunicating.Itcanalsobringlong-lastingrewards,especiallyforpeopleworkingwithWesternbusinesses.Themainactivityofdebateispresentingone'sopinion

16、andsuppmtingitwithevidence,suchasstatisticsorfacts.Itisawayofpersuasivecommunication.CharlesLebeauhelpedcreatethe"DiscoverDebate"method.HesaysdebateisimportanttounderstandinghowpeoplecommunicateinWesternbusiness.Successfuldebaterslearnhowtogivetheiropinkm,reasansandsupport."Whatwearet

17、ryingtodoistodevelopakindofthinkingorapproachtodiscussionandhowtointeract（交流）withsomeoneelse'sopinion,ratherthanbrushtheiropinionaside."Debateskillsarealsoimportantinsellingaproduct,hesays.Inthatsituation,thejudgesarethecustomem."SoonMonday,forexample,onecompanymaycomeinandpresenttheir

18、casetothecustomerandthey"llmakeasstrongaeaseastheycan.OnTuesday,thenextday,anothercompanywillcomeinandpresenttheireasetothecustomer.UsuallythepartythatcanpresentthestrongestcasewinsDebatealsostrengthenscriticalthinking.Inotherwords,ithelpsstudentslearntoaskquestionsandtrytounderstandsomeone'

19、;sreasonsand.Lebeaupointsoutthatsuccessfuldebaterslearntolistencarefullytowhatotherpeoplearesaying.Then,theylookfortheweakpointsinsomeoneelse'sopinionorargument.Hesaysdebateteachesasystematicwayofquestioning.Successfuldebatersalsolearntothinkfromsomeoneelse'spointofview.Mr.Lebeausaysdebateca

20、nhelpbroadenthemind."There'sanexpressioninEnglish:don'tcriticizeanotherpersonbeforeyouhavewalkedintheirshoes.Ithinkthewonderfulthingaboutdebateis,itputsusinanotherperson'sshoes.36. AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthepurposeofdebate?A. Tobringlong-lastingmaterialrewards.B. Topresentevide

21、ncesuchasstatisticsandfacts.C. Torespondtoquestionsinasystematicway.D. Topersuadepeopletoacceptyouropinions.37. WhyisdebateA. Ithelpspeopleunderstandothersbetter.B. Itallowspeopletopresenttheiropinions.C. Itdevelopsone'sthinkingandcommunicativecompetence.D. Itgivesonetheopportunitytobrushothers&

22、#39;opinionaside.38. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"case"inParagraph3referto?A.Container.B.Evidence.C.Problem.D.Product.39. Whatcandebatersbenefitfrom"walkinginanotherperson'sshoes".9A.Becomingmorebroad-minded.B.Developingcriticalthinking.C.Findingothers'weakpoints.D.Tryingout

23、others'methods.PassageTwoWeallloveahero,andrescuedogsaresomeofthebiggestheroesofall.Youwilloftenfindthemgoingaboveandbeyonddutytosavesomeone,risking-andattimeslosing-theirlivesintheprocess.RescuedogsaregenerallyfoundintheSportingandHuntingGroups,orfromthetraditionalHerdingGroup.Thesetypesinclude

24、theBloodhound,LabradorRetriever,Newfoundland,GermanShepherd,GoldenRetriever,andBelgianMalinois-allofwhicharechosenforsearch-and-rescuedutybecauseoftheiramazingphysicalstrength,loyalty,andtheirtendencyformentalstability.Thesetypesalsohaveakeensenseofhearingandsmell-tobetterlocatelostindividualsandare

25、oftenabletoaccesshard-to-reachareas.Ashighlytrainedanimals,theyserveinmanydifferentfields,includingspecialistsearch,snowsliderescue,deadbodylocation,andtracking.Toovercomeobstaclesandsucceedwhenperformingthedemandingdutiesofasearch-and-rescueworker,adogmustdisplaycertainqualities.Inadditiontointelli

26、genceandstrength,thedogmustbeswift,confident,easilytrainable,adaptable,andhaveahighlevelofstamina（耐力）andendurance.Astrongsenseofgroupcooperationandanabilitytoengageinfriendlyplayduring"down"timeisalsorequiredofsearch-and-rescuedogs.Arescuedoggoesthroughmany,manyhoursofintensivetrainingtobe

27、fitforduty.Trainingisnotforthefaint-hearted.Certificationtrainingcantakefromtwotothreeyears,workingthreetofourhoursaday,threetosixdaysaweek,ofteningroup,team-orientedsessions.Eachsearch-and-rescuefieldrequiresdifferenttypesoftraining.Rescuetraining,forinstance,includes"airscenting"-wheredo

28、gsaretrainedtosmelltheairforthevictim'sscent（氣味）andthenfollowthescenttotheperson.Thisabilityiscrucialtofindingvictimstrappedundercollapsedbuildingsandsnowslide.40.Rescuedogsarechosenprobablybecause_A.theyareloyalB.theyarebraveC.theyhaveamazingappearancesD.theyhavegoodeyesight41.Whatdoes"fai

29、nt-hearted"inParagraph5mean?A.Courageous.B.Cowardly.C.Energetic.D.Slow.42.Whichabilityismostimportantfordogstorescuepeopletrappedinsnow?A.Sharphearing.B.Swiftmovement.C.Extraordinarysmelling.D.Astrongmemory.43.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Selectionprocessofrescuedogs.B. Qualitiesandtrainingofr

30、escuedogs.C. Risksrescuedogsarefacedwith.D. Typesoftasksrescuedogscanperform.PassageThreeEatinganappleadaydoesn'tkeepthedoctoraway,butitdoesreducetheamountoftripsyoumaketothedrugstoreperyear.That'saccordingtoanewstudythatinvestigateswhetherthere'sanytruthintheoldsaying.Ateamofresearchers

31、ledbyDrMatthewDavis,oftheUniversityofMichiganSchoolofNursing,asked8,399participantstoanswersurveyquestionsaboutdietandhealth.Atotalof753wereappleeaters,consumingatleast149gofrawappleperday.Theremaining7,646wereclassedasnon-appleeaters.Whenbothgroupsansweredquestionsontripstothedoctorandtripstothedru

32、gstoreperyear,theappleeaterswerefoundtobe27%lesslikelytovisitthedruggistfordrugs.Tripstothedoctorwerenotsignificantlyaffectedbyappleconsumption,though."Evidencedoesnotsupportthatanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.However,thesmallnumberofUSadultswhoeatanappleadaydoesappeartousefewerprescriptionmedica

33、tions,"thestudyconcludes.Appleeaterswerealsofoundtobelesslikelytosmokeandbemorelikelytohaveahighereducationalattainmentthannon-appleeaters.Whileapplesdonotcompetewithoranges,theydocontainsomeimmune（免疫的）system-increasingvitaminC,whichmaybewhyapple-eatersvisitthedruggistless.Withover8mgofvitaminC

34、permedium-sizedfruit,anapplecanprovideroughly14%yourdailyrecommendedintake.PreviousstudieshavealsolinkedappleconsumptiontoalowerriskofType2diabetes（二型糖尿病）,improvedlungfunctionandalowerriskofcolon（結腸）cancer.44. Howmanynon-appleeatersansweredsurveyquestionsintheresearch?A. 149.B. 7,646.C. 753.D. 8,399

35、.45. Whatistheconclusionofthestudy?A.AppleconsumptionhasgreatlyreducedUSadults'tripstothedoctor.B. Anappleadaydoeskeepthedoctoraway.C. Applesarefarmorenutritiousthanoranges.D. AsmallnumberofUSadultappleeaterstendtotakelessmedicine.46. Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A. Applesarebetterthanoranges.B.

36、 ApplesdohavesomevitaminCtoincreasetheimmunesystem.C. Applescanhelpcurecertaindiseases.D. Applescanprovidepeoplewithsufficientdailyintakeofenergy.47. Whatcanbedescribedasthewritingstyleofthispassage?A.Objective.B.Creative.CsubjectiveDpersuasivePassageFourSometimesIscratchmyheadwhenIreadaboutthegover

37、nment'seffortstoimproveschools:newstandardsandteststobeapplied,strictteacherevaluations,andthreatsofschoolclosuresandjoblosses.Theyfrightentheschoolemployees,nottomentionthestudents.Insteadofmakingpeopleunabletosolveproblemsortrynewideas-whichiswhatfeardoestous-researchonschoolreformstronglysugg

38、eststhatpolicy-makersshouldencourageschoolleaderstotakeamorehumaneapproach.IntheirstudyonthereformeffortsoftwelveChicagopublicschools,BrykandSchneiderfoundthatenablingpositivesocialrelationshipsbetweentheadultswasthekeytosuccessfulschoolimprovementandthattrustwasattheheartofthoserelationships.Trusti

39、nschoolscomesdowntoonething:psychologicalsafetyorsafetytospeakone'smind,todiscusswithopennessandhonestywhatisandisn'tworking,tomakecollectivedecisions.Yetthiskindofsafetydoesn'tcomeeasilytoschools.AccordingtoBrykandSchneider,theadultsinschoolrelyoneachothertodotheirjobscorrectlyandwithin

40、tegrity（正直）.Thechalleageisthatourexpectationsareverydiversebasedonouruniquebackgrounds.AtoneschoolwhereItaught,eachteacherhaddifferentexpectationsabouthowmucheffortteachersshouldputintotheirwork-abigdifferencebetweentheteacherswholeftafthelastbellandthosewhoworkedintotheevening.Andwhenexpectationsar

41、euncoasciorunspoken,itbecomesimpossibleforotherstoliveuptothem.Wealsomakeassumptionsabouttheintentionsbehindaperson'sbehavior.AsweallImam,assumptionsareoftenwrong.Forexample,parentsandteachersmythinktheprincipaltamlparticulardecisionbasedonhiscareeradvancementratherthanhat"sbestforthestudea

42、ta.don'tfeelpsychologicallysafetoquestionourassumptionsandeaecmtiatm,trustitieaamthewindowandourrelationshipssuffer.48. AccordingtoParagraph1,whydoestheauthorscratchhishead?A. Becausehedoesn'tknowwhattodoonceschoolsareclosed.B. Becauseheisnotsureaboutthepracticabilityofthosenewtests.C. Becau

43、seheisconcernedthatmanyteacherswilllosetheirjobs.D. Becauseheisnotinfavorofthegovernment'sreformefforts.49. AccordingtoBrykandSchneider,whatwasmostimportantforsuccessfulschoolimprovemt?A.Newstandardsandtestsinschools.B.Positivesocialrelationships.C.Strictteacherandstudentevaluations.D.Assistance

44、ofthegovernment.50. Whatismeantbytrustinschool?A.Freedomtoexpressone'sviews,B. Extraeffortteachersputintotheirwork.C. Independenceoftheteachersinschools.D. Unconsciousandunspokenexpectations.51. Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheassumptionsmadeabouttheintentionsbehindaperson'sbehavior?A. Theyshoul

45、dbetrusted.B. Theyareoftenbold.C. Theyareoftenincorrect.D. Theyshouldbeencouraged.PassageFiveAninterestingprojectcalledBlueZonesisrecordingthelifestylesecretsofthecommunitieswiththehighest,hestconcentrationsofcentenariansintheworld.ThepeopleinthefiveregionsinEurope,LatinAmerica,AsiaandtheUSthatlivet

46、obe100havealotgoingforthem.Genesprobablyplayasmallrole,butthesefolksalsohavestrongsocialties,tightly-knitfamiliesandlotsofopportunitiestoexercise.AswewereexaminingthedietarysecretsoftheBlueZones,asdescribedinauthorDanBuettner"slatestbook,TheBlueZonesSolution,wewerestruckbyhowessentialteadrinkin

47、gisintheseregions.Infact,Buettner'sBlueZonesBeverageRule-akindofguidelinesummarizedfromhis15orsoyearsofstudyingtheseplaces-is:"Drinkcoffeeforbreakfast,teaintheafternoon,wineat5p.tm"Sciencehasplentytosayaboutthehealthfulvirtuesofgreentea.Researchersaremostenthusi-asticalmtthecomponentsi

48、ngreentea,aswellasfoodslikecocoa.WhymighttheyhelpsomanyOkinavansinJapanbreak1007Somecomponentsingreenteacanlowertheriskofstroke,heartdiseaseattdseveralcancers.Onereviewstudyalsofoundthatdrinkinggreenteacanslightlyimprovemetabolism（新陳代謝）.IfyoufindyourselfontheislandofIkaria,theGreekBlueZoneinthemiddl

49、eoftheAegean,youwon'tbeofferedanyteamadewithtealeaves.Instead,Ikarianstypicallymaketheirdailycupofteawithjustonefreshherbthattheyhavepickedthemselvesthatday-eitherrosemary,wildsage,oregano,nmrjotmn,mintordandelion,allplantsthatmayhaveanti-inflammatory（消炎的）properties,whichmayhelplowerbloodpressur

50、e.ThiscouldexplainIkaria'sverylowdementia（癡呆）rate,sincehighbloodpressureisariskfactorforthedisease.52. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"centenarians"inParagraph1referto?A.Peoplewhohavesecretlifestyles.B. Peoplewhoenjoyphysicalexercise.C. Peoplewhoareonehundredyearsoldorolder.D. Peoplewhocarry

51、thegeneforbeingslim.53. AccordingtoParagraph3,whatistherecommendedtimeforteadrinking?A.Inthemorning.B.Anytimeofaday.C.Intheearlyevening.D.Intheafternoon.54. WhatmaytheteaIkariansdrinkdailyhelp?A.Toimprovemetabolism.B.Tolowerbloodpressure.C.Tolowerlifestress.D.Toimprovesocialrelationships.55. Whatmig

52、htbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Tea-DrinkingTipsB.LifestyleSecretsofIkariansC.Tea-DrinkingCeremonyinOkinawaD.BlueZonesSolutionsV.DailyConversation(15points)Directions:PickoutappropriateexpressionsfromtheeightchoicesbelowandcompletethefollowingdialoauebyblackeninathecorresuondinaletterontheAnswerSheet

53、.Woman:Hello,Mr.Johnson'soffice.Man:Goodmorning.56?Woman:Sorry,he'sinameetingatthemoment.57?Man:Yes.ThisisSteveLeefromBrightlightSystems.58?Woman:Tomorrowafternooninyouroffice.Man:59Woman:Okay.60Man:Thankyou.第n卷(非選擇題，共25分)VI.Writing(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanessa

54、yinEnglishin100-120wordsbasedonthefollowinginformation.Remembertowriteitclearly.Tim 寫一封電子61你(LiYuan)組織同學進行了一次燒烤野餐(barbecue)。請給你的英國朋友郵件，內容包括： 野餐前的準備； 野餐過程； 印象最深刻的人或事。參考答案1 Phonetics2 【答案】A3 【答案】c4 【答案】B5 【答案】D6 【答案】Bn,VocabularyandStructure7 【答案】D【考情點撥】考查固定搭配。是固定用法，意為【應試指導】句意：晚飯后，喬納森和喬離開了房子去散步。gofora

55、walk出去走走，去散步”，takeawalk同義。8 【答案】D【考情點撥】考查疑問詞的用法?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓核钢禽v新轎車問道：“那輛車是誰的?你以前見過嗎?”疑問代詞whose用來詢問物品的所有者。意為“誰的（東西）”。why為什么；where哪里；who誰。9 【答案】B【考情點撥】考查人稱順序?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓何业母赣H叫我和湯姆幫他干活。單數(shù)人稱并列時，順序為“第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱”；復數(shù)人稱并列時，順序為“第一人稱，第二人稱，第三人稱”。此處為單數(shù)人稱并列作賓語，故選Tomandme。10 【答案】C【考情點撥】考查主謂一致?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓喝缃瘢R匱乏似乎的確是

56、一件危險的事。由句首的nowadays可以判斷，該句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故排除B項。littleknowledge表示的是否定意義，是不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，故排除A項和D項。does在這里是助動詞，表示強調。11 【答案】A【考情點撥】考查if引導的條件狀語從句?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓喝绻麄兊臓I銷團隊取得成功，那么他們的利潤將增加20。if引導的條件狀語從句可以分為兩類：真實條件句和虛擬條件句。當假設情況發(fā)生的可能性很大時，就是真實條件句；當假設不大可能實現(xiàn)時，就是虛擬條件句。根據(jù)句意，本句所表述的是客觀情況，所以為真實條件句。從句中使用的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故主句應使用將來時，故選A。

57、12 【答案】Bin ease 可引導目的狀語從句，【應試指導】句意：你最好帶上這些文件，以防會議中你會用到意為“以防，以備”，sothat也可引導目的狀語從句。意為“以便，為了”，所以incase符合題意。utiless除非；until直到。13 【答案】D【考情點撥】考查副詞詞義辨析?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓何乙郧皼]有去過流行音樂節(jié)，邁克也沒有去過。t00和als0表示“也”時用于肯定句和疑問句；neither用作副詞時意為“兩者都不”，放在句首，表示前面否定的內容也適用于另一個人或物，句子須采用部分倒裝；either作副詞時也可表示“也”，用于否定句，一般位于句末。14 【答案】A【考情點撥】考查定語從句?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓罕娝苤?，馬克吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。as在該句中引導非限定性定語從句。在從句中作主語。15 【答案】C【考情點撥】考查形容詞詞義辨析?！緫囍笇А烤湟猓杭s翰向書店老板投訴，說字典中缺少了好幾頁。missin9意為“缺失的”，符合題意。lacking缺乏的；losing失敗的；d