中考英語語法講解資料及練第11講：動詞語態(tài)

1、中考英語語法講解資料及練習(xí)第11講:動詞語態(tài)和時態(tài)一樣,語態(tài)也是動詞的一種形式,用來說明句中主語和謂語的關(guān)系。如果動作由主語執(zhí)行,就可使用主動語態(tài),如果主語不是由主語執(zhí)行,主語是動作的承受者,則可使用被動語態(tài)。由此我們可以看出英語動詞有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài):表示主語是動作的承受者,什么事情被主語做。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和形式被動語態(tài)由"助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞"構(gòu)成,一定要記住是及物動詞。助動詞必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)一致,注意要與我們前一講學(xué)過的八個時態(tài)配合使用。適合被動語態(tài)的情況:不知道動作由誰發(fā)出,或由于某種原因沒有必要說明誰發(fā)出動作。如:This ta

2、ble is made of wood. 需要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時,如:This park was built for children.注意:主動句中的主語如果是people,they,somebody等含糊的表示"人或人們",沒有確指執(zhí)行者是誰,為被動句時,通常省略"by+執(zhí)行者"。如:The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in.注意:在主動句里,不定式在make,see,hear等動詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時都不帶to,但變成被動句時,后面的不定式都需帶to。如:He was made to do

3、 that work.主動語態(tài)不能變被動語態(tài)的情況:學(xué)了被動語態(tài),別以為主動句和被動句可以隨意轉(zhuǎn)換,千萬要注意呀!有些主動語態(tài)不能轉(zhuǎn)換成被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞時, 如:Y ou should take care of yourself.當(dāng)謂語是表狀態(tài)的而不是表具體動作的及物動詞時,如:Does the skirt suit you?練習(xí):1. The stars _ in the daytime.A. can't seeB. can't be seenC. can't been seeD. see2. A present _ to me by Mother next

4、 week.A. will giveB. is givenC. will be giveD. will be given3. The Communist Party of China _ in Shanghai in 1921.A. was foundB. foundC. was foundedD. founded4. Great changes _ in my hometown since liberation.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. have taken placeD. were taken place5. I was astonis

5、hed (吃驚 to hear that the colour TV set _ 5,000 yuan.A. has costB. costC. costedD. was cost6. He was seen _ something from the shop.A. steelB. to stealC. to be stolenD. stealed7. She has _ by her classmates.A. laughedB. laughed atC. been laughedD. been laughed at8. The computer _ in the room.A. can u

6、seB. can be useC. can be usedD. can used9. That clock _ Big Ben.A. callB. callingC. is calledD. calls10. The film _ again sometimes next week.A. showsB. will showsC. will be showedD. shows實(shí)踐:1. I have never seen _ UFO in _ sky.A. a , theB. an , theC. a, aD. the, a2. -How is your brother's housew

7、ork done?-_A. GoodB. All rightC. Quite wellD. V ery bad3. They come from England . They are _.A. EnglishmanB. EnglishD.an English4. Would you please give me _ colour pencils?A. anyB. someC. a littleD. much5. My father is sleeping now, could you _ the radio a bit?A. turn upB. turn onC. turn downD. tu

8、rn off6. It will be Children's Day soon and we're now _ busy _a bee.A. as.asB. as . likeC. like.asD. so . like7. -Well ,_?-I have a headache, doctor.A. how do you doB. what's the matter with youC. how are you feeling likeD. what kind of illness do you have8. The teacher told the boy _ it

9、 again.A. don't doB. does not doC. to not doD. not to do9. I left here, _.A. Mary doesB. so does MaryC. Mary did soD. so did Mary10. -Who teaches _ English?-Mr Lin.A. youB. yourC. sheD. Tom's11. Have you finished _ the book?A. readB. to readC. readingD. reads12. The farmers taught us _.A. to how pick apples.B. how pick apples.C. how picking applesD. how to pick apples13. -_ I watch Pro. Brown from morning till night?-No, you needn't.A. MustB. CanC. MayD. Need.14. Do you know _?A. how long has he lived hereB. how long he has lived hereC. he has lived here how l