新版新目標(biāo)英語八年級下冊unit7知識點總結(jié)(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?Section A1. square (1) adj. 平方米 , 用于數(shù)字后表面積 an area of 95 square meters 95平方米的面積(2) n , 正方形；廣場 Many old people like dancing on the square after supper.2. in size = have /has an area of. （面積）大小3.1,025 meters 深1,025米 表示事物的長、寬、高、深等時，主要有兩種表達(dá)方式：(

2、1)基數(shù)詞 + 單位名詞+ 形容詞（long,wide,tall, deep等）如果數(shù)詞超過1，單位名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 單位詞：meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等 Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. The river is 50 meters wide.(2)基數(shù)詞+ 單位名詞+ in + 名詞（length; width; height; depth等） two meters long = two meters in length 2米長 three feet high = two feet in height. 3英尺高(3)數(shù)字+ 量

3、詞（單位）+形容詞（long/ wide/ tall/ deep等） 長、寬、高、深還可用復(fù)合形容詞表示 各個詞間用連字符連接，常作前置定語修飾名詞。Jeremy Shu-How Lin is a 1.91-meter-tall- basketball player.4. deep adj. 深的 take a deep breath.深深呼吸 adj n deep depth long length high height widewidth 5.any other +可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù) 任何其他的(1) any other 其他任何一個 ,后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，在同一范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的其他

4、任何人或物通常用于比較級，多用于同一范圍內(nèi)相比較。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.(2) any other +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)=the other + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)，也可用最高級形式表達(dá)。 Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)） =Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class. (the other + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)） = Lucy is the mo

5、st careful student in her class.6.a lot .得多；很多；非常(1) a lot 很多，做副詞短語，修飾動詞，放在動詞之后。相當(dāng)于very much. It usually rains a lot at this time of year.(2)a lot of = lots of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞=many +復(fù)數(shù)名詞=much+ 不可數(shù)名詞7. population 人口；人口數(shù)量(1) population做主語且強(qiáng)度整體人口時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)，The population is increasing faster and faster. (2) 當(dāng)主

6、語時“人口的百分之幾、幾分之幾”時，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Three quarters of the population are workers.(3) 表示人口的多或少時, 用large或small The population of China is very large. 中國人口眾多(4) 詢問某國、某地有多少人口時, 用How large.? How large is the population of your hometown? 你們家鄉(xiāng)有多少人口? (5) What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? 提問有多少人口句型(6) 表

7、示某地有多少人口時，用 has a population of 句型8. much 得多 （修飾比較級）類似的詞：even 更. a lot 很多；.得多 a little 比.一點可修飾比較級的詞a bit, a little, rather, much, far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even. 9.even 甚至 (用在比較級前，表示程度）10. tour n 旅行 tourist n 旅游者 touristy adj. 游客很多的. tour guide 導(dǎo)游The Stone Forest is an exciting sight. Bu

8、t it is too_.(tour)Beijing is a _(tourist) city.The Great Wall is very famous in the world . So it is _(tour).(1) travel v 旅行 traveller n 旅游者 travelling adj. 旅行的(2)travel to 到旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界11.tour/ trip/ travel/ journey travel一般指長途旅行，到國外或遠(yuǎn)方旅行。travel 還可作動詞tour旅行，周游，觀光.一般團(tuán)隊都是tourtr

9、ip一般指短距離旅行，直達(dá)目的地的旅行journey有時并不指真正意義的旅行， 而只是表示走過一段距離?！居洝坑^光游玩用tour ，長途陸路用journey， 短途短期用trip，travel 用法最普遍，特別用于指游記”12.how long 多長；多久(1) 對長度提問 How long is the table?About 1.2 meters.(2) 對時間提問，常用for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語來回答。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening?For two hours.13.amazing adj.

10、 驚人的，令人吃驚的14. protect v 保護(hù) We should protect children. protect sb./ sth from 保護(hù)某人/ 某物使其不受 protect your eyes from the sun. 不要讓陽光傷害你的眼睛。15. as (1) conj.像一樣，正如 （用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句） I was surprised as he opened the door.(2) prep. 作為 I get job as a teacher.16.as far as I know據(jù)我所知 as far as 就.來說，至于. , 引導(dǎo)狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)范圍或程

11、度，常與動詞know, see,等連用，可放在 句首或句中。 as far as I can remember 據(jù)我所記得的 as far as I can see 依我所見17.one of + the adj. 最高級 + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)18. famous = wellknown adj. 著名的， 有名的(1) be famous for 因而著名 （某人因某種知識、技能或特征而出名） China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas(2) be famous as 作為.而出名 （某人以某種身份而出名） Lu Xun was famous as

12、 a writer.19. include v 包括 including prep 包括（放在被包括的對象之前） I have many pen pals _(include) Lucy. All the people must take part in the activities, _ the monitors and the teachers. A. include B. including C. included D. to include.20. freeze v freezing adj. 凍冰的；結(jié)冰的 Today it is freezing cold. frozen adj.

13、 凍結(jié)的，被冰覆蓋的 I dont like frozen food.21.condition 條件；狀況 out of condition 不健康，身體不好 in good condition 情況良好；完好22.take in 吸入； 吞入（體內(nèi)） take after（外貌）相像 take away 拿開 take down 寫下，記下 take in吸收，吸納 take off 起飛；脫下take it easy 別緊張 take to 喜歡，開始從事 take pictures照相 23. while conj.(1)然而 (連接并列句）表對比 He is a worker whil

14、e I am a doctor.(2)當(dāng).的時候，（引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句） While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .24.succeed v 成功，達(dá)到success n 成功successful adj. 成功的successfully adv成功地 succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事25.risk ones life to do sth 某人舍命做某事 take risks 冒險 There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有（做）某事的危險 26.challenge v/n 挑戰(zhàn) face

15、 a challenge 面臨挑戰(zhàn)(1)challenge sb. to sth向某人挑戰(zhàn) He challenged me to a race.他向我挑戰(zhàn)賽跑。(2)challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑戰(zhàn)27.in the face of 面對（問題、困難等） They showed courage in the face of danger. 面對危險他們表現(xiàn)出了勇氣。28.achieve v 獲得；達(dá)到； 實現(xiàn) achievement n 完成； 成績 achieve ones dream = ones dream comes true實現(xiàn)某人的夢想詞條是否接賓語用法

16、achieve是主語一般為“人”come true否主語一般是“夢想；理想”29. human n 人；人類 No human could live like this .沒有人能這樣生活。30.force (1) n 力量；the forces of .的力量 The force of human is great.(2) v. 迫使；強(qiáng)迫 force sb. to do sth 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事31.nature 不可數(shù)名詞 自然界；大自然 natural adj. 自然地 in nature 在自然界中Section B- Self Check1.weigh v 稱的重量; 重量是. we

17、ight n 重量She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.2. time (1) 是.的幾倍 主語 + 數(shù)詞 + times + as +形容詞+ as +被比較的內(nèi)容Our new school is four times as big as the old one.(2) 次數(shù) 一次 once 兩次 twice 三次及三次以上 ：基數(shù)詞 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次 many times 很多倍 last time (在)上次時 every time 每次/

18、每回 each time 每當(dāng)時 the first time 第一次時 next time (當(dāng))下次時 (3) Its time for sth . 或 Its time ( for sb . ) to do sth . 該是的時候了    Its time for dinner . 該是吃晚餐的時候了。   Its

19、0;time for children to go to bed . 是小孩睡覺的時候了。3.at birth 出生時 （用作時間狀語） give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；產(chǎn)仔4. up to 高達(dá) (1)up to +數(shù)量詞 達(dá)到（某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多 I can take up to four people in my car. Up to now, Tony has been very quiet. 直到 （現(xiàn)在）(2)be up to sb. 由某人決定 Shall we go o

20、ut or stay in ? Its up to you.5.the other 其他的 （指兩個事物或兩個人中的另一個， 后接名詞時，表示其他的人或物 One. The other . （兩者中）一個.， 另一個. the others=the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式是the others 其他東西，其余的人 特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”。 Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 6.preparefor 為準(zhǔn)備(1) prepare sth.準(zhǔn)備.，后接名詞或代詞作

21、賓語。 Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. (2) prepare to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做. They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他們正準(zhǔn)備過河，突然下雨了。(3) prepare for sth.為.做準(zhǔn)備 The students are busy preparing for the final exam.學(xué)生們正在準(zhǔn)備期末考試7. awake adj. 醒來 （反義詞）asleep 睡著

22、的 She was awak all night. v喚醒；使醒來 = wake up The noise awak me. 8. run ran run running     runner 賽跑的人 run over 撞倒；跑過去 run after 追逐,追求  run away from 從跑掉;逃避  run out (某物)被用完  run out of 用完(某物)  run int

23、o 無意間碰到,和相撞 9. excite v (使)興奮excitement n 激動；興奮 (1) excited 形容詞，表示"興奮的"，指人、物對.感到興奮，是（主動地感到）興奮的(2) exciting 形容詞，表示"令人興奮的；使人激動的"，指人、事、物本身讓人興奮、激動 He told us an exciting story yesterday. Are you excited about 

24、going to Beijing? (3) be excited about 對感到激動(4) to ones excitement 使某人興奮的是10.fall 落下，跌落，降落，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落The leaves fall in the autumn. fall down 跌倒強(qiáng)調(diào)的是滑倒、倒下，后接賓語時應(yīng)加上介詞from The book fell down from the table to the floor. fall down 倒下 fall over 落在.之上, 臉朝下跌倒 fall off 下降, 跌落 fall ov

25、er“向前摔倒、跌倒”。11. die v. （非延續(xù)性動詞）死表示生命的結(jié)束 death n. 死，死亡dead adj.死的 dying adj. 將死的(1)be dead 死，死亡 Lucys dogs _(die) yesterday. Its_ made her sad.His grandpa _(die) for five years .(2)die from + 外因 死于，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。 die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故 die from a car accident 死于一場車禍(3)die of + 內(nèi)因 主要指疾病、衰老

26、、情感等自身原因 die of hunger/an illness 餓/病死 His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992.(4)die out（家族、物種等）滅絕；絕跡 Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago. 恐龍在六千五百萬年前滅絕了12.illness 疾?。徊?1)ill /sick 共同點：生病的；有病的 不同點：ill adj.生病的；有病的作表語，不能作定語 (2)be ill in hospital (3)sick 作表語/作定語，病人a sick man 或the sick, She is

27、ill / sick in bed. 她臥病在床。 She is looking after her sick father .她在照顧她生病的父親。(4)sick 惡心的；厭倦的 The smell makes me sick.這氣味使我感到惡心。13.spend (in) doing 花時間做某事(1)spendspentspent v 花費,主語是人 sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games

28、.(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主語是人 sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketook taken v 花費It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.14. cut down

29、 砍伐；砍倒 cut down 砍倒，減少，降低，縮短 The little boy cut down the young tree cut something from something 切下，割下 cut something away 切除，剪去 cut up 切碎 cut off切斷，停止15. less 更少的(1)less是little（?。簧伲┑谋容^級： He spends less time (in) doing experiments. 他做實驗花時間較少。(2)less+形容詞或副詞 構(gòu)成劣等比較，較不，更不 It is less cold than it was yest

30、erday. 天氣不如昨天那樣冷。(3)not less than + 基數(shù)詞表示不下于；至少；不止 (4)no less than + 基數(shù)詞表示達(dá).之多（言其多） There are not less than 40 students in this class. 這個班級至少有40個學(xué)生。 No less than 1,000 people were missing in the earthquake. 地震中失蹤人數(shù)多達(dá)一千人。 16.There be + 名詞（短語） + ving. 某處有某人或某物在做某事 There is a truck collecting rubbish o

31、utside.17.remind v保持，仍是（系動詞+adj. ）Though he has been working hard, his math remains_.A. bad B. badly C.OK At the meeting ,they said nothing but _quiet.A. took B make C. reminded18.another +數(shù)詞 另外的, 再(1)another 同類事物（三個以上）的另一個， I don't like this one, please show me another. 我不喜歡這個,請給我另一個。 (2)some.

32、others一些，另一些 Some boys are reading; others are listening to the radio. 有些孩子在閱讀,有些則在聽收音機(jī)。 (3)one . the other 表示兩者里面的另一個！ I've bought two sweaters . One is for you and the other is for my brother. (4)other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 Where are the other students? 其他同學(xué)在哪里?19. there be句型的將來時There willl be There is going t

33、o be20. 比較級 +and +比較級 越來越 richer and richer become more beautiful and beautiful 21.基數(shù)詞 用來表示數(shù)量的詞叫做基數(shù)詞1數(shù)字的寫法和讀法見下表：1 911 1910 90（整十基數(shù)詞）21 99（非整十基數(shù)詞）one 1eleven 11ten 10twenty- one 21two 2twelve 12twenty 20twenty two 22three 3thirteen 13thirty 30thirty three 33four 4fourteen 14forty 40forty-four 44five 5fifteen 15fifty 50fifty-five 55six 6sixteen 16sixty 60sixty-six 66seven 7seventeen 17seventy 70seventy-seven 77eight 8e