英語作文中比較和對照的寫作方法(共4頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Comparison and Contrast 比較和對照的寫作方法目標(biāo)：掌握英語作文中比較和對照的寫作方法（比較著重相似點(diǎn)，而對照強(qiáng)調(diào)不同之處）；二使用比較和對照寫作方法的一般是說明文與論說文，常見的比較對照有兩種方式:1. 塊狀比較方式（block method），先A后B，即A1, A2, A3.；B1，B2，B3.。2. 逐點(diǎn)比較方式（point-by-point method），AB交錯(cuò)，即A1，B1；A2，B2；A3，B3.。范文一：Country Life and City LifeIt is really hard to say which is be

2、tter than the other, city life or rural life. Both have their merits and shortcomings. Living in the city has a great many advantages. First, you can enjoy various kinds of foods, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are more cultural activities in the city you can go to the concert, the theatre

3、, the movies or the disco club after a days hard work. But city life has many problems, too. The overcrowded population, traffic jam, industrial pollution, and the lack of understanding between people may result in disease and unhappiness. Living in the country, however, you can watch the magnificen

4、t sunrise and sunset and listen to the bird singing in the tree. If you want, you can certainly have a huge garden when a small green space seems a luxury in the city. In the country, you dont have so mucn worries. You can enjoy the pleasure of work by planting seeds in the earth and watching them g

5、row into flowers and finally into fruits or food. But rural life may not be that perfect. Things are going so slowly that sometimes you may feel that you are absolute left behind in some remote corners of the world. You may again miss the parties, friends and movies in the city. Like anything else,

6、country life and city life have their advantages and disadvantages. The best solution may be that you enjoy pleasures of both lives and get rid of their inconveniences.范文二：Middle School Life and College LifeThere are many differences between middle school and the college. First，in middle school，we h

7、ave to listen to what the teacher says in class, to understand the content of the text. But in college，we must study by ourselves before class. If not，we couldn't follow the teacher. Second，there are lots of rules in middle school. For example，we should wear the uniform，the girls must have their

8、 hair cut short， and we are not allowed to make boy- or girlfriends. However，in college，we have more freedom. We can wear the clothes we like. And the girls could have long beautiful hair. We are also free to make boy or girlfriends. The third，in the middle school，we must study first. That means we

9、could do nothing but study. In contrast，we have to do everything by ourselves in college. That means we must plan our time carefully. There are also other differences between our school life and our college life. We have to learn to adapt ourselves to college life.三寫作步驟1. 寫前階段：寫作提綱1) 對兩個(gè)對象或一個(gè)對象的兩個(gè)方面

10、進(jìn)行比較與對照分析，找出相似點(diǎn)/不同之處。如分析Online shoping or in-store shopping（網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物還是店內(nèi)購AdvantagesDisadvantagesOnline shoppingConvenient;Cheap;A lot of selectionsCheated;Cannot see the items in person;In-store shoppingPersonal, talk;Know the quality;Good for healthExpensive;Time-consuming;tiring2. 寫作階段：利用相關(guān)資料，組織結(jié)構(gòu)與內(nèi)容1

11、) Useful words and phrases:比較 ：like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally. 對照： by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast. 2）Useful

12、 expressionsØ      Just like a coin has two sides, everyting has its advantages and disadvantages, and is no exception.Ø      The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.Ø      The advantages of A are much gre

13、ater than those of B.Ø      A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.Ø      For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.Ø      Like anything else, it has its faults.

14、Ø      A and B has several points in common.Ø      A bears some resemblances to B.Ø      However, the same is not applicable to B.Ø      A and B differ in several ways.Ø 

15、     Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.Ø      The same is true of B.Ø      Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.Ø      It is true that A . , but the chief faults (obvio

16、us defects )are . I. Introduction：        Comparison and contrast is a method that is often used by writers to analyze the similarities and differences between two subjects. To compare is to bring out the similarities between two things， and to contrast， which is a

17、 form of comparison， is to emphasize the differences between them. As a result， we can understand the two subjects better than we would do if we just examine the two individually. In writing a comparison and contrast essay， you may emphasize either the similarities or the differences between the two

18、 subjects， or if you like， you may include in your essay both the similarities and differences. No matter what you may emphasize in your essay， remember you should make a point in your essay， that is， there should be a purpose for making the comparison and the contrast. If the two items are too simi

19、lar or too different， there wont be any point in comparing or contrasting them.  II. Three purposes for making a comparison and contrast：A. To present information about something unfamiliar by comparing it with something familiar.B. To show the superiority of one thing by comparing it with anot

20、her.C. To show the reader of the similarities and differences of two things to help the reader understand or evaluate them. III. The organization of a comparison and contrast essay：A. How to introduce a comparison and contrast essayYou can introduce your comparison and contrast essay by explain

21、ing clear your purpose for making the comparison and/or contrast. You can also present the background information that promotes you to write the essay. B. How to organize the body of a comparison and contrast essay：When you come to the body of a comparison and contrast essay， you should follow the f

22、ollowing two steps：1. Identifying the points： If you dont know what points to compare and/or contrast about the subjects， you can create a list of potential points for each of the subjects. Then you can rearrange these points.2. Choosing an effective pattern to organize the similarities and differen

23、ces.a） The subject-by-subject pattern： to present each of the two subjects separately， that is， to present first about one of the subjects， covering the points completely， then proceed to the other subject， also covering all the points completely. In general， this way works better in short essays wh

24、ere few aspects are considered， or where the writers interest is in the whole. Its pattern is like the following：b） The point-by-point pattern： to discuss the two subjects for each point of comparison and contrast， that is， you write about the first point in terms of the similarities and differences between the two subjects， then proceed to the next point， and so on. This way is preferab