英語(yǔ)每日一練

1、英語(yǔ)每日一練【英語(yǔ)每日一練（51）】 This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. 【詞匯突破】discrimination：歧視 alphabet：字母表 【主干識(shí)別】This refers to discrimination against those加定語(yǔ)從句 【其他成分】for those as yet un

2、aware of such a disadvantage：插入語(yǔ)，可改寫(xiě)為：for those who are unaware of such a disadvantage as yet理解起來(lái)會(huì)方便很多；as yet至今；whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet定語(yǔ)從句。 【微觀解析】若是對(duì)于句中的插入語(yǔ)理解起來(lái)有困難，不妨試著改變它的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，將長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)還原為定語(yǔ)從句，而這種方法的逆向思維可以與寫(xiě)作相結(jié)合，使文章的句式更加靈活多變。 【難點(diǎn)揭秘】較長(zhǎng)插入語(yǔ)的出現(xiàn)會(huì)混淆視聽(tīng)，不容易把握主干。 【譯文

3、賞析】對(duì)于那些還不了解這種危害的人來(lái)說(shuō)，它指的是對(duì)姓氏首字母位于字母表后半部分的人的歧視【英語(yǔ)每日一練（52）】From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. 【詞匯突破】democratic：民主的 populist：平民主義的 【主干識(shí)別:】our democratic and populist urges have driven us to rejec

4、t anything+定語(yǔ)從句 【其他成分】says Hofstadter插入語(yǔ)；our democratic and populist urges have driven us to可提煉出sth has driven sb to do 這個(gè)句型；that smells of elitism定語(yǔ)從句，修飾anything。（注意smell的介詞搭配） 【微觀解析】若是覺(jué)得插入語(yǔ)干擾了正常的理解，可將這個(gè)句子變?yōu)镠ofstadter aid ,”From the beginning of our history, our democratic and populist urges havedr

5、iven us to reject anything that smells of elitism。”這樣的由直接引語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的賓語(yǔ)從句會(huì)降低句子的難度 【難點(diǎn)揭秘】靈活的利用插入語(yǔ)改變句式是這個(gè)句子給我們的啟示。 【譯文賞析】Hofstadter說(shuō)，從我們的歷史一開(kāi)始，我們對(duì)于民主化和大眾化的渴求就迫使我們拒絕一切帶有精英主義色彩的東西【英語(yǔ)每日一練（53）】The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those w

6、ho question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. 【詞匯突破】depletion：消耗（consume的同義替換詞） ozone layer:臭氧層（碰到這種專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯不要慌張，判斷出它是一個(gè)名詞即可） 【主干識(shí)別】the enemies are those 加定語(yǔ)從句 【其他成分】argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University插入語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于上一句中的

7、says Hofstadter，of Stanford University做定語(yǔ)修飾Paul Ehrllch；a pioneer of environmental studies：插入語(yǔ)；who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth定語(yǔ)從句修飾those。 【微觀解析】a pioneer of environmental studies插入語(yǔ)，改寫(xiě)為who is a pioneer

8、 of environmental studies就 可以很快判斷出它是修飾Paul Ehrllch的，而并非是句子的主語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)從句中supporting global warming作evidence的定語(yǔ)（仍舊是修飾形式的變化）。 【難點(diǎn)揭秘】在這個(gè)句子中，關(guān)于Paul Ehrllch的修飾成分作為插入語(yǔ)造成了主干隔離。句子的后半部分，定語(yǔ)從句中修飾evidence的定語(yǔ)以非謂語(yǔ)的形式出現(xiàn)。另外由于插入語(yǔ)的存在可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致判斷主語(yǔ)的失誤從而句意理解錯(cuò)誤。 【譯文賞析】 環(huán)境研究的先驅(qū)、斯坦福大學(xué)的保羅?6?1厄爾里西認(rèn)為，科學(xué)真正的敵人是那些對(duì)支持全球變暖、臭氧層損耗以及工業(yè)發(fā)展的其他后果的

9、證據(jù)提出置疑的人?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（54）】 Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. 主干識(shí)別：tools and technology have been ignored. 其他成分：over the years 狀語(yǔ) themselves 反身代詞作同位語(yǔ) as a source of fundamental innovati

10、on 定語(yǔ) by historians and philosopher 狀語(yǔ) 翻譯點(diǎn)撥：定語(yǔ)前置： 作為基本發(fā)明源泉的工具和技術(shù)本身； 詞的處理： philosophers of science 科學(xué)哲學(xué)家/科學(xué)思想家 參考譯文：多年來(lái)，作為基本發(fā)明源泉的工具和技術(shù)本身在很大程度上被歷史學(xué)家和科學(xué)思想家們所忽視了。【英語(yǔ)每日一練（55）】 Galileos greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove tha

11、t the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth. 主干識(shí)別：Galileos greatest glory was that （主句主干） he was the first person to prove that （從句主干） the planets revolve around the sun (從句主干） 其他成分：to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that （定語(yǔ)） （turn .on. to prove(目的狀語(yǔ)）

12、.） rather than around the earth（我們很熟悉的rather than做狀語(yǔ)） 翻譯點(diǎn)撥： 中文到英文，如果表語(yǔ)較短的時(shí)候沒(méi)有必要遵守英文中的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：他是第一個(gè)人，就直接翻譯為：“他第一個(gè) 將”就可以了。 he is the one who invented the telephone. 可以翻譯為：他發(fā)明了電話 = 他是發(fā)明電話的那個(gè)人。 參考譯文：伽利略最大的輝煌就是在1609年的時(shí)候，他第一個(gè)將新發(fā)明的望遠(yuǎn)鏡對(duì)準(zhǔn)了天空，去證明了行星是圍繞著太陽(yáng)而不是地球轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（56）】 Whether the Government should incre

13、ase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 主干識(shí)別：Whether+主語(yǔ)從句 depends on the issue 其他成分： the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa（主語(yǔ)從句） of

14、 which is seen as the driving force.of 短語(yǔ) of + which 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)句子 翻譯點(diǎn)撥：先翻譯主語(yǔ)從句，再用代詞“這”代替； 詞的處理： increase the financing of pure science 增加對(duì)純理論科學(xué)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入 at the expense of technology 減少對(duì)技術(shù)經(jīng)費(fèi)的投入 the driving force 動(dòng)力，驅(qū)動(dòng)力量 the issue of 可以不翻譯： 比較兩種翻法： 1.哪一方被看做是驅(qū)動(dòng)力的問(wèn)題 2.那一方面被看做是驅(qū)動(dòng)力 第二種更加符合中文的表達(dá)。 政府究竟是以減少對(duì)技術(shù)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入來(lái)增

15、加對(duì)純理論科學(xué)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入，還是相反，這往往取決于把哪一方看作是驅(qū)動(dòng)力量?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（57）】The target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with illinformed or incompetent users.主干識(shí)別：The target is wrong其他成分：for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with illinf

16、ormed or incompetent users.（原因狀語(yǔ)）for +狀語(yǔ)從句； in attacking the tests 狀語(yǔ)從句中的狀語(yǔ)； critics divert attention from the fault.(狀語(yǔ)從句的主句） that lies with illinformed or incompetent users 定語(yǔ)從句修飾 fault;翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞匯的處理： divert attention from. divert attention from. 原義是把注意力引開(kāi)，反譯為沒(méi)有注意到； lies with在于 illinformed or incompe

17、tent users 不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)?shù)氖褂谜撸?初步可以翻譯為： 這個(gè)目標(biāo)是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)榕u(píng)者在攻擊測(cè)試的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有注意到在于這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤在于不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)?shù)氖褂谜摺?但是這個(gè)翻譯明顯不符合中文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣需要修改： 主要是后半部分： 將兩個(gè)“這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤”合并為：測(cè)試的錯(cuò)誤在于. 將“ illinformed or incompetent”翻譯為動(dòng)詞：“不了解，不太會(huì)” 那么主語(yǔ)就應(yīng)該是原句中的“user”，缺一個(gè)對(duì)象那應(yīng)該“tests” 修改完成：參考譯文： 這個(gè)目標(biāo)是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)榕険魷y(cè)試的時(shí)候，批評(píng)者沒(méi)有注意到測(cè)試的弊病 在于使用者不了解也不太會(huì)恰當(dāng)使用測(cè)試?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（58）】

18、Whether to use tests，other kinds of information，or both in a particular situation depends，therefore，upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability. 主干識(shí)別：Whether to use tests，other kinds of information，or both depends，therefore，upon th

19、eevidence and upon such factors. 其他成分：or both = or tests and other kinds of information (both 指代前面） in a particular situation 狀語(yǔ) therefore 狀語(yǔ) from experience concerning comparative validity 定語(yǔ)修飾 evidence as cost and availability 定語(yǔ)修飾factors 翻譯點(diǎn)撥：in a particular situation 在某一特定情況下 the evidence from e

20、xperience 經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)（來(lái)自經(jīng)驗(yàn)的證據(jù)） comparative validity 相對(duì)效度 concerning 與有關(guān)的 availability 能否獲得（有無(wú)來(lái)源） 參考譯文：所以在某一特定的情況下，是否使用測(cè)試以及其他的各種信息或者兩者使用，取決于有關(guān)相對(duì)效度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)， 也取決于諸如經(jīng)費(fèi)（多少），有無(wú)來(lái)源等因素?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（59）】In general，the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effec

21、tively when what is to be measured or predicated can not be well defined.主干識(shí)別：the tests work 其他成分：most effectively 狀語(yǔ) when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined狀語(yǔ)從句 （the qualities can be most precisely defined 主干； to be measured 定語(yǔ)修飾 qualities） least effectively狀語(yǔ) when what is t

22、o be measured or predicated can not be well defined狀語(yǔ)從句 （what is to be measured or predicated狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)）翻譯點(diǎn)撥：the tests work 測(cè)試有效 be most precisely defined 很精確界定（most =very；the most才是最高級(jí)） measured 測(cè)量參考譯文：一般的說(shuō)，當(dāng)所要測(cè)定的素質(zhì)/性質(zhì)/特征能很精確界定時(shí)，測(cè)試最為有效；而當(dāng)所要測(cè)定或預(yù)測(cè)的東西不能明確地被界定時(shí)， 測(cè) 試的效果則最差?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（60）】Furthermore，it is ob

23、vious that the strength of a countrys economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry， and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.主干識(shí)別：it is obvious that .and that. 其他成分：the strength of a countrys economy is directly bou

24、nd up with the efficiency its agriculture and industry 主語(yǔ)從句一 this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds 主語(yǔ)從句二翻譯點(diǎn)撥： 詞的處理： Furthermore 再者，另外 it is obvious that (固定譯法)顯而易見(jiàn)的是 the strength of a countrys economy 一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力 is directly bound up with 與直接(密切)相關(guān) the effici

25、ency of its agriculture and industry 工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率 rests upon 有賴于，取決于 scientists and technologists of all kinds 各種科技人員，所有領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員 this在這里指代 efficiency參考譯文： 再者，顯而易見(jiàn)的是，一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)與其工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率密切相關(guān)，并且效率的提高又有賴于各種科技人員的努力?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（61）】Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are

26、feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.主干識(shí)別：people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas其他成分：Owing to the remarkable development

27、in mass-communications,狀語(yǔ) while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above狀語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞的處理： owing to 因?yàn)?，由?mass-communications 大眾通訊 people everywhere 所有的人，各地的人 new wants 新的需求(要求，需要) being exposed to 接觸到，感受到 customs and ideas 習(xí)俗和思想 introduce 推出，采取，施行 in

28、novations 革新，革新措施 for the reasons given above 由于上述原因 特別提示： still的特殊用法兩例： 用法一：連詞 但是，然而 用法二：(與 further, another, more 等連用強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量驚人或極大)更，還 例子：We look forward to strengthening still further our already close co- operation with the police service. 我們期盼著進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)和警方的合作，形成更加緊密的合作關(guān)系。參考譯文：由于大眾通訊的顯著發(fā)展，所有的人都不斷感到有新的需求

29、，并不斷接觸到新的習(xí)俗和思想，由于上述原因，各國(guó)政府不得不經(jīng)常采取更進(jìn)一步的革新措施?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（62）】In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization-with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed-was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same proce

30、ss in a decade or so.主干識(shí)別： the process of industrialization was spread over nearly a century 并列句由whereas引導(dǎo)主干： a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. 其他成分： In the early industrialized countries of Europe 狀語(yǔ) with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followe

31、d狀語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥： 詞匯處理： industrialized countries 工業(yè)化國(guó)家 the process of industrialization 工業(yè)化進(jìn)程，工業(yè)化過(guò)程 with .that followed 隨而來(lái)的，以及 far-reaching changes 深刻的變革，影響深遠(yuǎn)的變化 social patterns 社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu) spread over 持續(xù)，延續(xù) nearly a century 大約(將近、幾乎)一個(gè)世紀(jì) a developing nation 一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家 undergo 經(jīng)歷 in a decade or so 在10年左右的時(shí)間 whereas 但

32、是參考譯文： 在先期實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的歐洲國(guó)家里，其工業(yè)化進(jìn)程以及隨之而來(lái)的各種深刻的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)變革持續(xù)了大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)，而如今一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家在10年左右的 時(shí)間內(nèi)就可以完成同樣的過(guò)程?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（63）】Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movementsthemselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.主干識(shí)

33、別： Additional social stresses may also occur 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 其他成分：because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements 狀語(yǔ) themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.同位語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥： Additional social stresses may also occur 增加的社會(huì)壓力也可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)。 試著解釋一下：additional可以譯

34、作動(dòng)詞增加；主語(yǔ)改為social stress, 社會(huì)壓力也可能會(huì)增加 （may also occur 可以略去。） because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements 因?yàn)槿丝诒ê陀捎诖笠?guī)模的人口遷移而引起的種種問(wèn)題 themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. 現(xiàn)代交通工具使得Themselves（大規(guī)模的人口遷移）變得相對(duì)容易。 同位語(yǔ)可以用括號(hào)放到解釋說(shuō)明的名詞之后。 人

35、口爆炸和大規(guī)模的人口遷移（現(xiàn)代交通工具使其變得相對(duì)容易）引起的種種問(wèn)題參考譯文：由于人口猛增或大量人口流動(dòng)(現(xiàn)代交通工具使大量人口流動(dòng)變得相對(duì)容易)所引起了各種問(wèn)題這也增加了新的社會(huì)壓力。【英語(yǔ)每日一練（64）】The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang，first put forward in the 1920s，to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.主干識(shí)別：The existence of the

36、 giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang 其他成分：first put forward in the 1920s 定語(yǔ) to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos 狀語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞匯的點(diǎn)撥： the giant clouds 巨大的(宇宙)云 virtually 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，實(shí)質(zhì)上 the Big Bang 大爆炸理論 first put forward 首創(chuàng)的，開(kāi)始提出的 in the 1920s 二十年代 to maintain its

37、reign as 以保持的地位 explanation of the cosmos 對(duì)宇宙(起源論)的解釋 對(duì)于較長(zhǎng)的成分可以單獨(dú)成句； 并且要注意調(diào)整各個(gè)意群的語(yǔ)序； The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang/，first put forward in the 1920s/，to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. The existence of the giant clouds 巨大的(宇宙)云的

38、存在對(duì)于宇宙大爆炸理論來(lái)講確實(shí)是必須的，這個(gè)理論首創(chuàng)于1920年代，這種存在維持了其在宇宙(起源論)的解釋中的統(tǒng)治地位。 可以適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整語(yǔ)序： 宇宙大爆炸理論首創(chuàng)于1920年代，巨大的(宇宙)云的存在對(duì)其而言非常重要，因?yàn)檫@維持了其在宇宙起源解釋中的主導(dǎo)統(tǒng)治地位。參考譯文： 宇宙大爆炸理論首創(chuàng)于1920年代，巨大的(宇宙)云的存在對(duì)其而言非常重要，因?yàn)檫@維持了其在宇宙起源解釋中的主導(dǎo)統(tǒng)治地位。 （巨大的宇宙云的存在，實(shí)際上是使二十年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所必不可少的?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（65）】Astrophysicists working with groundbased

39、 detectors at the South Pole and balloonborne instruments are closing in on such structures，and may report their findings soon.主干識(shí)別：Astrophysicists are closing in on such structures and may report their findings soon. 其他成分：working with groundbased detectors at the South Pole and balloonborne instrum

40、ents 定語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞的處理： working with 使用，以為工作手段 ground-based detectors 陸基探測(cè)器 the South Pole 南極 balloon-borne instruments 球載儀器 are closing in on 正越來(lái)越近 structures 云系 findings 根據(jù)上文可以翻譯為：觀測(cè)結(jié)果 成分處理的點(diǎn)撥： 過(guò)長(zhǎng)的部分記得一定是可以單獨(dú)成句的，所以將英語(yǔ)中的名詞，形容詞，介詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)譯為中文中的動(dòng)詞是常用的翻譯技巧。 因此可以將working with groundbased detectors at the South Po

41、le and balloonborne instruments翻譯為單獨(dú)的一個(gè)句子（這個(gè)地方的主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)Astrophysicists）： 天體物理學(xué)家正在使用設(shè)在南極的陸基探測(cè)器和球載儀器， 上面的句子翻譯完畢后再翻譯主句： Astrophysicists are closing in on such structures 分析兩個(gè)句子的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是因果關(guān)系所以翻譯為： 這樣他們就能越來(lái)近的觀察這些云系了 再翻第三個(gè)部分： and may report their findings soon. 也許很快他們就能傳回觀測(cè)結(jié)果了。參考譯文： 天體物理學(xué)家正在使用設(shè)在南極的陸基探測(cè)器和球載儀

42、器，這樣他們就能越來(lái)近的觀察這些云系了，也許很快他們就能傳回觀測(cè)結(jié)果了?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（66）】If the small hot spots look as expected，that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.主干識(shí)別：that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea 其他成分：If the small hot spots

43、look as expected，狀語(yǔ) a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. 詞組scientific idea的同位語(yǔ)翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞的處理： the small hot spots 小熱點(diǎn) scientific idea 科學(xué)論斷，科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)，科學(xué)理念 refinement 更完美，提煉，改進(jìn) the inflationary universe theory 宇宙膨脹說(shuō)(理論) 同位語(yǔ)的處理： 同位語(yǔ)通常可以單獨(dú)成句： a refinement of the Big Bang called th

44、e inflationary universe theory. 這個(gè)科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)就是更完美的大爆炸理論，也被稱之為宇宙膨脹論參考譯文：假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)想是一致的，那這將是又一科學(xué)理論的勝利，這種觀點(diǎn)就是更完美的大爆炸理論，亦稱宇宙膨脹說(shuō)?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（67）】Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have

45、been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.主干識(shí)別：并列句一：cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics 并列句二：many astrophysicists have been convinced that it is true其他成分：并列一：狀語(yǔ) Odd though it sounds, though的用法和as的用法是一樣

46、的，都可以引起句子順序的變換，調(diào)整后為：though it sounds odd 并列二：狀語(yǔ) for the better part of a decade詞匯處理： cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說(shuō) scientifically plausible consequence 科學(xué)上可信的推論 respected idea 公認(rèn)的理論 in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學(xué) convinced 相信 for the better part of a decade 七八年來(lái)參考譯文：雖然這個(gè)理論聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇怪，但宇宙膨脹說(shuō)卻是從基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些

47、公認(rèn)的理論中得出的從科學(xué)角度講合理的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來(lái)一直認(rèn)為這一論說(shuō)是正確的。【英語(yǔ)每日一練（68）】Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.主干識(shí)

48、別：Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world.其他成分：to produce a unique millennium technology calendar 狀語(yǔ) that gives the latest dates 狀語(yǔ)中名詞calendar的定語(yǔ)從句 when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.前面定語(yǔ)中l(wèi)atest dates 的定語(yǔ)從句翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞匯的處

49、理： Pearson 皮爾森(人名音譯) pieced together 匯集；綜合 around the world 世界各地，全世界 produce 編制 a unique millennium technology calendar 一個(gè)獨(dú)特的技術(shù)千年歷 the latest dates 最近日期 key breakthroughs 重大突破，關(guān)鍵性突破 定語(yǔ)從句的處理：可以后置單獨(dú)成句，也可以翻譯為前置定語(yǔ)； a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hu

50、ndreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. 編制了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的千年技術(shù)日歷，這個(gè)日歷給出了我們有望看到的數(shù)百個(gè)重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)能發(fā)生的最近日期。參考譯文：皮爾森匯集世界各地?cái)?shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的技術(shù)千年歷，編制了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的千年技術(shù)日歷，這個(gè)日歷給出了我們有望看到的數(shù)百個(gè)重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)能發(fā)生的最近日期?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（69）】But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beg

51、inning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. 主干識(shí)別：Pearson points out that is only the start of man-machine integration 冒號(hào)后的主干: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration 其他成分：that will ultimately

52、lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. the long process of integration的定語(yǔ)從句 詞匯點(diǎn)撥： the long process of integration the start of man machine integration 人機(jī)一體化的開(kāi)始 lead to 引起出現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生 a fully electronic human 完全電子化的仿真人，完全的電子人 before the end of the next century 在下世紀(jì)末之前 參考譯文：皮爾

53、森指出，這個(gè)突破僅僅是人機(jī)一體化的開(kāi)始：它是人機(jī)一體化漫長(zhǎng)之路的開(kāi)始，最終會(huì)使人們?cè)谙率兰o(jì)末之前就研制出完全電子化的仿真人?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（70）】And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage. 主干識(shí)別：home appliances will also become so smart 其他成分：that controlling a

54、nd operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞的處理： home appliances 家用電器 smart 聰明，智能化 result in the breakout of 引發(fā)，導(dǎo)致，出現(xiàn) psychological disorder 心理混亂(失調(diào))，心理疾病 kitchen rage 廚房狂燥癥，（廚房憤怒，廚房生氣） 參考譯文：家用電器將會(huì)變得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它們會(huì)引發(fā)一種新的心理疾病-廚房狂燥癥?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練

55、（71）】One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind，feelings，traits of character，human nature，and so on. 主干識(shí)別：One difficulty is that 其他成分：almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of min

56、d，feelings，traits of character，human nature，and so on. 表語(yǔ)從句 翻譯點(diǎn)撥：詞匯的處理： continue to 繼續(xù)做.依然做. trace behavior to 追溯行為的根源到.轉(zhuǎn)譯為：從.追溯行為的根源； behavioral science 行為科學(xué) states of mind 心態(tài)，意識(shí)狀態(tài) feelings 感情 traits of character 性格特點(diǎn) 參考譯文：難題之一在于所謂的行為科學(xué)幾乎全都依然從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去尋找行為的根源?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（72）】The behavioral scie

57、nces have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. 主干識(shí)別: The behavioral sciences have been slow to change 其他成分: 狀語(yǔ)一： partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directl

58、y observed 狀語(yǔ)二： partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. 翻譯點(diǎn)撥： the explanatory items 用以解釋的要素(內(nèi)容，項(xiàng)目) other kinds of explanations 其他解釋方式 參考譯文：行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分原因是用來(lái)解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到?！居⒄Z(yǔ)每日一練（73）】The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior o