英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)--動(dòng)詞不定式

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)-動(dòng)詞不定式英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)-動(dòng)詞不定式 1不定式作賓語(yǔ)1動(dòng)詞+不定式affordaimappearagreearrangeaskbedecidebothercarechoosecomedaredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavorhopefailhappenhelphesitatelearnlongmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwaitwishundertake 舉例：Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司機(jī)沒(méi)能及時(shí)

2、看見(jiàn)另一輛車。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那道問(wèn)題的答案。2）動(dòng)詞+不定式；動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needprefer,prepare,promise,want,wish Iliketokeepeverythingtidy.我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy.我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。IwanttospeaktoTom.我想和湯姆談話。IwantyoutospeaktoTom.我想讓你和湯姆談話

3、。3）動(dòng)詞+疑問(wèn)詞+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tell Pleaseshowushowtodothat.請(qǐng)演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ?。Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有這么多的錄音機(jī)，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。注意:疑問(wèn)詞帶不定式在句中作成分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Thequestionishowtoputitintopracti

4、ce.問(wèn)題是怎樣把它付諸實(shí)施。 2不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 1動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(todoadviseallowappointbelievecausechallengecommandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguesshireimagineimpelinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitpersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstatesupposetellthinktraintrustunderstandurg

5、ewarn例句：a.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父親不讓我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠！.Webelievehimtobeguilty.我們相信他是有罪的。Find的特殊用法：Find后可用分詞做賓補(bǔ)，或先加形式賓語(yǔ)，再加形容詞，最后加帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。find后也可帶一個(gè)從句。此類動(dòng)詞還有g(shù)et，have。Ifoundhimlyingontheground.Ifounditimportanttolearn.IfoundthattolearnEnglishisimportant.典型例題:Thenextmorningshefoundtheman_inbed，

6、dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying答案：A.find的賓語(yǔ)后面，用分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)，起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作用。現(xiàn)在分詞表 lip;?"例如：Whynottakeaholiday?干嗎不去度假? 14不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing1現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示的動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。Heseemstoknowthis.Ihopetoseeyouagain.=Ihopethat

7、I'llseeyouagain.我希望再見(jiàn)到你。2完成時(shí)：表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Heseemstohavecaughtacold.3進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：Sheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears. 15動(dòng)名詞與不定式 1）動(dòng)名詞與不定式的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞表達(dá)的是：狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，心境，抽象，經(jīng)常性，已發(fā)生的不定式表達(dá)的是：目的，結(jié)果，原因，具體，一次性，將發(fā)生的2）接不定式或動(dòng)名詞，意義相同。3）動(dòng)名詞與不定式語(yǔ)義不同的有11組：1stoptodostopdoing2forgettodoforgetdoing3remembertodorememberdoing4regrettodoregretdoing5ceasetodoceasedoing6trytodotrydoing7go