新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)21課件_圖文

1、Pre-taskHow does the writer feel about aeroplanes?What has made most of his neighbours leave their homes?Why does people think the writer is mad?Mad or not?mad adj. 發(fā)瘋be mad/crazy about:為而瘋狂be mad at sbeg:Don't be mad at him。別怪他(不關(guān)他的事。go+adj:變得go mad/crazy/insane/bananasDon't fight with him,

2、 he is a mad man.別跟他打架, 他是瘋子。Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.drive sb mad:逼某人發(fā)瘋例:Sometimes it's enough to drive you mad if you are stuck in a traffic jam during the rush hour.有時(shí)在交通高峰期被困足以使人發(fā)瘋The noise outside is driving me mad.I live near an airport and passing planes canbe heard night and

3、day.1、passing planes:現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)sleeping baby:正在睡覺(jué)的小孩waiting car:正在等待的2、day and night: 日日夜夜例句:I will sit by her bedside day and night.我會(huì)日夜守在她的床邊。The airport was built years ago,but for some reason it could not be used then.for some reason:由于某種原因some+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù):某一some book some+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù):一些some books some+不可數(shù)名詞

4、:一些some water例句:He was late for school for some reason.由于某種原因,他上學(xué)遲到了!reason ri:znn.原因for this reason:由于這個(gè)原因For what reason?是為了什麼原因?bring sb. to reason使某人講理Last year,however,it came into use。come into use:投入使用come into:進(jìn)入得到、獲得財(cái)富1、They put this method into use。2、This method comes into use。3、This metho

5、d is put into use。Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. home:家,強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情;house 僅僅指房子be driven away: be done被驅(qū)趕must have been:must have done對(duì)過(guò)去表示肯定推測(cè)Do 126Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane。Knock 不及物動(dòng)詞vi.1.相撞,碰擊(+againstHis legs

6、knocked against the chair.他的兩條腿撞到了椅子。2.敲,擊,打(+on/atHe knocked at the door and entered.他敲了敲門(mén)便走進(jìn)去了。knock down; knock over knock off(page123習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)今天我們要講由knock這個(gè)詞發(fā)展而成的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。我們先要談的習(xí)慣法是: knockout。Knockout最常用的意思是把一個(gè)人打倒在地、不省人事,但是knockout在俚語(yǔ)中卻可以解釋叫人心醉神迷的人或物,可能是一幅美不勝收的畫(huà),也可能是一部扣人心弦的電影,更可能是俊男美女。例:1. He married a r

7、eal knockout, one of the most beautiful women I have ever seen!他娶了個(gè)大美人。我還沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)有比她更漂亮的女人!我們?cè)賮?lái)學(xué)一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ): knock your socks off 。Sock是襪子。這個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的出典可能是什么特別精彩的事情讓你興奮得上蹦下跳,以至腳上襪子也跳得掉了下來(lái),引申為“令人興奮不已的好事”。例:2. I tell you that movie I saw last night is fantastic, the best I've seen in years. Go to see it -I guar

8、antee it'll knock your socks off!告訴你我昨晚看的那電影棒極了。我有好幾年沒(méi)看過(guò)這樣精彩的片子。你得去看,保證會(huì)讓你激動(dòng)萬(wàn)分。I have been offere d a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here. offer及物動(dòng)詞vt.1.給予,提供;拿出,出示O1(+toHe offered me a glass of wine.他端給我一杯酒。2.愿意;試圖(做某事;提議Y+to-vThey offered to help me.他們表示愿意幫助我。3.出(價(jià);開(kāi)

9、(價(jià)O1We offered him the calculator for $50. 這計(jì)算器我們向他開(kāi)價(jià)五十美元。sum n.量大量:a great many/a great number of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a sum of:一筆a large sum of:大量的,喜歡跟錢(qián)連用a large sum of moneya large amount of:許多plenty of(注意:前面沒(méi)有a足夠的sum名詞n. C1.總數(shù),總和,總計(jì)the S(+ofShe paid the sum of $200 for dresses.她買(mǎi)衣服總共花了二百元錢(qián)。2.金額;一筆(+ofHe earned

10、 a large sum of money.他賺了一大筆錢(qián)。3.算術(shù)題;運(yùn)算The boy is good at doing a sum in his head. 這男孩善于心算。determined adj.堅(jiān)定的,下決心的be determined to do sth. 決心做某事I am determined to stay here.我決定留在這兒。v.determine on 決定v.determine upon 決定determine sb. against sth. 使某人決定不做某事determine sb. to do sth. 使某人決定做某事decide和determin

11、e 之間的區(qū)別:都有“決定”的意思。decide 指“經(jīng)過(guò)詢(xún)問(wèn)、研討和考慮之后, 在幾種可能的選擇之中作出決定”,decide 最為普通:如:She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她決定星期日而不是星期一離開(kāi)這里。determine指“決心作某一件事而不動(dòng)搖”, 常涉及范圍比較狹小的問(wèn)題:如:We have determined to get the work done ahead of schedule.我們已經(jīng)決定要提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。decided常與to, that, on, about用,表示決心;決定;to dec

12、ide where to go決心去哪兒而與between, for, angainst, in favor of, that連用,表示判斷,判決The judge will decide the case tomorrow.法官將于明天對(duì)案子進(jìn)行判決。madsum reason determined aerolane come into mædsm'ri:zn di't:mindgrammar動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者M(jìn)any people speak English.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) English is spok

13、en by many people.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Read the following sentences1.It is called a stamp.2.Whats it made of?3.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.4.English is used very widely as a foreign language,5.Silk is produced in Suzhou.6.Where are bananas grown?二。模仿上列句子連詞成句1.Silk, produce,

14、 in Hangzhou.2.Cars, make, in Tianjin.3.tea, grow, in Fujian.4.English, speak, in Australia.5.Glass, produce, in Germany.6.Ships, make , in Japan.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(be +P.P.以see為例,比較主動(dòng)語(yǔ)和態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(be+過(guò)去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)see / sees am(is,are+seen一般過(guò)去時(shí)saw was(were+seen一般將來(lái)時(shí)will (shall +see will(shall+

15、be+seen(過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would(should+see would(should+be+seen現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am(is,are+seeing am(is,are+being+seen(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was(were+seeing was(were+being+seen現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have(has+seen have(has+been+seen(過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+seen had+been+seen含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+see情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+seen肯定句,否定句及疑問(wèn)句如下。Cars are made in Changchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. -Ar

16、e cars made in Changchun? (-Yes, they are./No,they arent.Where are cars made?When can we use the passive voice?1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí),或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。My bike was stolen last night.昨晚我的自行車(chē)被偷了。Letters are collected at eight every morning.信件每天早晨八點(diǎn)收取。2. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。The desk was made by Master Wang.這張課桌是王師傅做的。T

17、he bag was taken away by his sister.那個(gè)口袋是她姐姐提走的。3. 為了更好地安排句子。The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一個(gè)主語(yǔ)就夠了那個(gè)名人一上車(chē)就立刻被大家認(rèn)出來(lái)了。4. 在上下文中,為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)。如:I have a new skirt. It was given to me asa birthday present by my aunt.我有條新裙子。它是我阿姨送給我作為生日禮物的。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)

18、態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為“be+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改為介詞by之后的賓語(yǔ),放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后(有時(shí)可省略。將下列句子改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.We use English as a foreign language. English is used as a foreign language( byus2. People write business letters in English Business letters are written(by people in English.3.They make telephone calls in English

19、. Telephone calls are made( by them in English.過(guò)去時(shí),含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. A man killed Jack. 1.Han Mei found Granny books. 2.They built the bridge. Jack was killed (by a man.Granny books were found by Han Mei.The bridge was built .1.He can answer the question. 1.We must plant trees in spring. 1.Nurse should t

20、ake care of the children. The question can be answered (by him.Trees must be planted in spring.Children should be taken care of .主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)注意1.含直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況:2.Eg He gave the boy an apple. (1把間接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ)保留不變:The boy was given an apple(2把直接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),此時(shí),間接賓語(yǔ)前要加to或for.An apple was given to

21、 the boy.(give, pass, show, send-to (buy, draw, make, -for 含雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)My father gave me a new book on mybirthday .-A new book was given to me (by myfather-I was given a new book (by myfather.2.不帶的to不定式,改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定.式前要加to.They watched the children sing. The children were watched to sing. 3.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體,改為被

22、動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要保持其完整性,介詞或副詞不可遺漏.We must take good care of the young trees. Young trees must be taken good care of. 4. 帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),一般把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).He cut his hair short. His hair was cut short.They told him to help me. He was told to help me. 5. 注意: 不及物動(dòng)詞不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)happen ,take place, appearbu

23、t不及物動(dòng)詞帶上介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞, 后面可帶賓語(yǔ)3 某些動(dòng)詞表被動(dòng)含義如weigh / measure /cost / last / break out / take place/happenThe meeting lasted two hours .4 get / come / go + P.P 表示被動(dòng)含義用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作結(jié)果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件. come / go 常與否定連用They got delayed because of the holiday traffic .The womans complaints went unnoticed.5 在need /

24、want / require / deserve +doing句型中,動(dòng)名詞表示被動(dòng).The garden needs watering =The garden needs to be watered .6 有些動(dòng)詞的不定式( blame / let / rent 用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Nobody was to blame for the accident .7一些介詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)表被動(dòng)The thief was under arrest .Apples are on sale .1 The silence of the library _only by the sound of pages

25、being turned over .A has been brokenB breaksC brokeD was broken2Sarah ,hurry up ,I m afraid you won t have time to _before the party .A get changedB get changeC get changingD get to changeD A3 Rain forests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future .A cut

26、B are cutC are being cutD had been cut 4 I need one more stamp before my collection _.A has completedB completesC has been completedD is completedC D5 All the preparations for the task _, and we are ready to start .A completedB had been completedC have been completedD complete6 Hundreds of jobs _if the factory closes.A lostB will be lostC are lostD will loseC B7 He told us to keep a secret of the things _.A discussing B to discussC being discussedD having discussed 8 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2006 .A has been complete