考博英語翻譯注意事項(xiàng)提高要點(diǎn)

1、 考博英語翻譯注意事項(xiàng)提高要點(diǎn)第一,翻譯時(shí)注意英文的句型,英文的句型一般來說有相應(yīng)的中文譯法。如It的句型的翻譯:(1It is+名詞十從句:It is a fact that事實(shí)是It is a question that是個(gè)問題It is good news that是好消息It is common knowledge是常識(shí)(2 It is+過去分詞十從句:It is said that據(jù)說It must be pointed out that必須指出It is asserted that有人主張It is supposed that據(jù)推測(cè)It is believed that據(jù)信It m

2、ust be admitted that必須承認(rèn)It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道It will be seen from ii that由此可見It has been proved that已證明It is general1y considered that人們普遍認(rèn)為(3It is+形容詞十從句:It is necessary that有必要It is likely that很可能It is clear that很清楚It is important that重要的是(4 It+不及物動(dòng)詞十從句:It follows that由此可見It happens that碰巧It turn

3、ed out that結(jié)果是(PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba ;QQ:wu si qi ling liu san ba liu er第二,注意英語被動(dòng)句的翻譯。英文的被動(dòng)句經(jīng)常用漢語主動(dòng)句表達(dá),如:You are requested to give a performance 英文的被動(dòng)句譯成漢語的主動(dòng)句:請(qǐng)你給我們表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。英文中被動(dòng)意義也可以用漢語中含有主動(dòng)意義的句子來表達(dá)。常譯成“被”、“由”、“受”、“為所”等等。例如: What is feared as fai

4、lure in American society is,above all,loneliness.(在美國社會(huì)中作為失敗而為人們所恐懼的,莫 過于孤獨(dú)了。第三,注意長(zhǎng)句的翻譯。首先不要被長(zhǎng)句嚇住,即使是很長(zhǎng)的句子,也是由最基本的成分組成。分析句子的基本成分,主語、謂語、賓語、狀語。抓住主干部分,然后逐次分析各詞意思以及相互間的邏輯、語法關(guān)系,再進(jìn)行翻譯。值得注意的是關(guān)系分句的翻譯。關(guān)系分句主要功能是作名詞(詞組的后置修飾語(即定語,但除作名詞修飾語外,關(guān)系分句還可起其他作用,比如起狀語分句和并列分句的作用,因此譯成漢語時(shí)要注意,限定性關(guān)系分句翻譯時(shí)因?yàn)橛⑽闹糜诿~后,漢語則將其置于先行項(xiàng)(an

5、tecedent的前邊,使其譯成帶有“的”字的定語句子,如:I want a wife who will work and send me to school.(我想要個(gè)既能工作又能送我上學(xué)的老婆。有的句子過長(zhǎng),前置會(huì)顯得累贅,或不符合漢語的習(xí)慣,這樣我們翻譯時(shí)將從句后置,把它翻譯成跟主句平行的并列句。如:I want a wife who will not trouble me with a wifes duties but a1ways listens to me.(我想要個(gè)老婆,她不會(huì)以妻子的義務(wù)來打攪我,而是始終聽命于我。非限制性關(guān)系分句和它的先行項(xiàng)之間有比較松散的關(guān)系。就其意義上來說

6、,在句子中有時(shí)相當(dāng)于二個(gè)并列分句,有時(shí)在語義上起狀語分句的作用,翻譯時(shí)可將其后置譯成并列句,例如:The sun warms the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow.(太陽溫暖了大地,這才使植物有可能生長(zhǎng)。也可以完全脫離主句,譯成獨(dú)立句。如:She was very patient towards the children, which her husban are requested to give a performance 英文的被動(dòng)句譯成漢語的主動(dòng)句:請(qǐng)你給我們表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。英文中被動(dòng)意義也可以用漢語中含有主動(dòng)意義的句子來表達(dá)。常譯成“被”、“由”、“受”、“為所”等等。例如: What is feared