初中語法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、Module 2 Experience Have you ever entered a competition?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示在以前的某個(gè)時(shí)間曾經(jīng)做現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示在以前的某個(gè)時(shí)間曾經(jīng)做過的，發(fā)生的事情，這種行為對目前有某種過的，發(fā)生的事情，這種行為對目前有某種影響影響. 或表示到目前為止曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷或或表示到目前為止曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷或沒經(jīng)歷的事情沒經(jīng)歷的事情. 結(jié)構(gòu)為結(jié)構(gòu)為: havehas + 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞1. I have seen the film. I dont want to see it again.2. Have you ever visited the USA?現(xiàn)在完成

2、時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成：主語 + have /has +動詞的過去分詞 readread-read visit-visited-visitedseesaw-seen want-wanted-wantedhear-heard-heard ask-asked-askedcome came come finishfinished-finishedtaketook-taken climbclimbed-climbedgetgotgot 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)I _ been to Beijing 3 times .He _visited USA.Bob and I _ seen the f

3、ilm .They_ heard the news .Lucy _ ever wanted to travel around the world._you read the book before?_she finished her homework?構(gòu)成：主語 + have /has +動詞的過去分詞 havehashavehavehasHaveHasGrammar(語法語法) have / has + p.p.(過去分詞過去分詞)(助動詞助動詞)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(the Present Perfect Tense)：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響.Comp

4、are(對比對比)1.I bought a new book yesterday. I have (already) bought a new book.2.I visited Beijing last weekend. I have (ever) visited Beijing. 常與常與 ever(曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)), already(已經(jīng)已經(jīng)) 等連用等連用A: Have you ever visited Beijing ?B: Yes , I have ./ No , I havent Have you ever visited Beijing ?A: Yes , I have ./ No ,

5、 I havent Have you ever walked up the Great Wall?B: Yes , I have ./ No , I havent taken a plan read the book visited Qingdao climbed the Mountain TaiHave you ever entered a competition ? singing dancing writing swimming table tennis competition Have you won the prize? 1. watch a DVD about China 2.wa

6、nt to travel around the world3.invite someone to stay 4.the price of the ticket5.the holiday of your dreams 6.What do you reckon?= What do you think?7.It sounds brilliant != It sounds great!1.Have you ever_Beijing?A. gone to B. been to C. went to2._he seen the films?A. Had B.Have C.Has3.Have they _t

7、he photos?A. take B.taken C.took 4.Have you watched TV?A Yes, I do B No, I have C. Yes, I have5.Have your parents_ Hong Kong on business? They arent at home. gone to B.been to C.went to6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成:_+_+_用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)造一個(gè)句子:_主語主語 have/has p.preadread-read visit-visited-visitedseesaw-seen want-wanted-wantedhear

8、-heard-heard ask-asked-askedcome came come finishfinished-finishedtaketook-taken climbclimbed-climbedgetgotgot watchwatched-watchedsendsentsent flyflewflown eatate-eaten buyboughtbought 動詞過去式和過去分詞的變化動詞過去式和過去分詞的變化不規(guī)則變化 規(guī)則變化Read and learnRead and learnWei Ming _ _( be )_ _ _by plane. Her father is _Ai

9、r China _(機(jī)長機(jī)長), so they_ _（飛往）（飛往）different (place)for their holidays. “My _ _ _ is Tai Shan mountain. But I also like the _ in Sanya.” Is there anywhere she _ (not visit)? “I_ never_(be) toShanghai. 魏明乘飛機(jī)去過中國各地。她爸爸是中國航空的一名機(jī)魏明乘飛機(jī)去過中國各地。她爸爸是中國航空的一名機(jī)長，所以他們乘飛機(jī)去不同地方度假。長，所以他們乘飛機(jī)去不同地方度假。“我最喜歡的地方我最喜歡的地方是泰

10、山。但是我也喜歡三亞的海灘。是泰山。但是我也喜歡三亞的海灘。“有她沒有參觀過的有她沒有參觀過的地方嗎？地方嗎？”我從未去過上海！我從未去過上海！“ Han Li _ _ _San Francisco in the USA. His grandparents _there and he _ them every _ _. “I like San Francisco very much. Because theres a lot _ _ _ _ there. Im _ _ in Chinatown!” says Han Li. 韓利去過美國的舊金山。他的祖父母住在韓利去過美國的舊金山。他的祖父母住

11、在那里，他每年春節(jié)都那里，他每年春節(jié)都 去看望他們，去看望他們，“我非常我非常喜歡舊金山，因?yàn)樵谀抢镉性S多可以看到的和喜歡舊金山，因?yàn)樵谀抢镉性S多可以看到的和做的。在唐人街我感覺像在家里！做的。在唐人街我感覺像在家里！“韓麗說。韓麗說。Yi Wen _ _( try)_ _ _ in a _ in Nanjing. “Have you _ had _food? Its _! Pizza has always been my favourite food. But I dont likeSandwiches _ice cream-theyre too cold!” 儀文曾在南京的旅館里吃過西餐。

12、儀文曾在南京的旅館里吃過西餐?！澳阍?jīng)吃過意大利食品嗎？非常你曾經(jīng)吃過意大利食品嗎？非常好吃！比薩餅一直是我最喜歡的食好吃！比薩餅一直是我最喜歡的食品。但我不喜歡三明治和冰激淋品。但我不喜歡三明治和冰激淋-它們太涼了。它們太涼了?！癢ang Ming has been to a Liu Huan _in Beijing _m _ 2000 people. “He_ _(give) _allover China and the _ have always been _ _. He_ _(write )many songs! Hes a famous Chinese _ever” says Wan

13、g Ming. 王明去看過劉歡在北京舉行的演唱會，王明去看過劉歡在北京舉行的演唱會，有有2000多人在那里。多人在那里。“他已經(jīng)在中國各他已經(jīng)在中國各地舉辦過音樂會，門票總是銷售一空。地舉辦過音樂會，門票總是銷售一空。他寫了許多首歌曲！他是一位著名的中他寫了許多首歌曲！他是一位著名的中國音樂家國音樂家”王明說。王明說。He Meifeng went to a Beijing _to _ The House of the Flying Daggers because shes always liked Zhang Ziyi. _ _ _she got up, and Zhang Ziyi _in

14、 the seat _ her. “Ive always _ to _ her. It _my dream _ _!” 賀梅鳳去了北京的一家影院看賀梅鳳去了北京的一家影院看十面十面埋伏埋伏，因?yàn)樗恢毕矚g章子怡。最，因?yàn)樗恢毕矚g章子怡。最后她站了起來，章子怡就在她旁邊的后她站了起來，章子怡就在她旁邊的座位上。座位上?！拔乙恢毕胍娝?。我的夢想我一直想見她。我的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。實(shí)現(xiàn)了。” Buckingham PalaceLondonPyramidEgyptEiffel Tower FrancePisa Leaning TowerItaly Statue of LibertyAmerica Big

15、Ben, LondonThe White House Present Perfect Tense (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）：1. 過去過去發(fā)生或完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響和后果對現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響和后果;2. 由助動詞由助動詞have/has +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成；構(gòu)成；3. 時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語： already, just, yet, since, ever, never；與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動作在過去發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動作在過去發(fā)生，而現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響

16、和后果。注意：在出現(xiàn)了注意：在出現(xiàn)了“yesterday, just now, ago, last week, in 1980” 等時(shí)間狀語的句子里等時(shí)間狀語的句子里 ， 不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Some Examples: I have lost my purse. Mother has cooked the dinner. You have seen the film. We have cleaned the classroom.( I havent got money now.)( We can have dinner now.)( You know what the film

17、 is about.)( The classroom is clean now.)Past participleSome Past Participles :clean cleaned have/has had see seen enter- enteredtake taken eat eatenread read listen listenedwatch- watched1.visit- visited 過去分詞有規(guī)則與不過去分詞有規(guī)則與不規(guī)則兩種。規(guī)則兩種。 規(guī)則的變化形式與動規(guī)則的變化形式與動詞的過去式一樣。不詞的過去式一樣。不規(guī)則就需要記憶了規(guī)則就需要記憶了 We _ (plant)

18、some flowers in the garden last week.I _ (send) the letter.He _ (come ) back home, he _ (watch) TV now.4. David _ (finish) his homework just now.5. The monkeys are full, because we _ (feed) them.6. A: I _(lose) my purse! B. Bad luck! When _ you _ (lose) it? A: I _ (lose) it last night. plantedhave s

19、enthas comeis watchingfinishedhave fedhave lostdidloselostTom _ (break) the window, its broken now.I _ (have) dinner, I am full.We _ (read) this story.They _ (see) the movie.She _ (buy) some nice toys.I _ (finish) my homework already.We _ (wash) our clothes, theyre clean now.My uncle _ (visit) the m

20、useum, so he wont visit it again tomorrow.has broken have had have readhave seenhas boughthave finished have washed has visitedLanguage points:have been to “have/has been to” 曾經(jīng)去過某地 （現(xiàn)在人已回來）2. try sth. try to do sth.3. have a “dream come true”4. be/go abroad5. all over China6. fly to = go to by plan

21、e7. different places 8. Is there anywhere she hasnt been to?9. There is a lot to see and do there.10. more than= over11. give a concert12. sell out13. at the end14. fantastic experience現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) Present perfect 句型1.肯定句肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have（has）過去分詞）過去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的注意：該句式中的have或或has是助動詞，是助動詞，has用于第三人用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一