北京市2021年中考英語(yǔ)試題含答案解析

1、2021年北京市中考真題英語(yǔ)姓名 準(zhǔn)考證號(hào) 考場(chǎng)號(hào)座位號(hào)考 生 須 知1 .本試卷共10頁(yè)，共兩部分,共39題,滿分60分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。2 .在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)。3 .試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無(wú)效。4 .在答題卡上、選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字簽字筆作答。5 .考試結(jié)束,請(qǐng)將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng).一、單項(xiàng)填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. Alary'

2、s birthday is coinnig. We've decided to make a cake fbrA. hmiB. herC. youD. them2. Space Day of China falls April 24th every year.A. onB. byC. atD. m3. shall we meet fbi the picnic?At the school gate.A. HowB. WhenC. WhyD. Wliere4. Sam,Ijom you in the conmiumty sendee?-Of course you can.A. canB.

3、mustC. shouldD. need5. The doctors worked fbr ten hours.nobody took a break.A. soB. forC. butD. or6. The teacher is glad to see tliat Tony is than before.A. caieftilB. more caiefiilC. most caiefiilD. the mostcareftilOh. I7. Peter, what aie you doing?a report about national heroes.A. will uiitcB. am

4、writingC. wroteD. havewritten8. My parents and Itrees last Sunday.A. plantB. will plantC. are plantingD. planted9. Lily, what do you usually do after school?Iexercise with mv fiiends.JA. doB.didC. will doD. wasdoing10. Nir. SmithChinese for hvo yeais.He's much better at it now.A. learnsB. was le

5、armiigC. lias learnedD. wiUleani11. Today, many winter Olympic sponseven by cluldien.A enjoyedB. enjoyC. were enjoyedD. aieeiijoyed12. Could you please tell me?Next Thursday mommg.B. when did we visit the Capital MuseumD. when will we visit the CapitalA. when we visited die Capital MuseumC. when we

6、will visit the Capital MuseumMuseum二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文,掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。The Picture of PeaceWhen Mike was seven, he knew lus dieain was to be a photogiaplier. He kept woikuig on it fbr yeai s. Recently, he was trying to take a picture of a sunset（ 口 落）to enter the school3_ c

7、ompetition.“Mom, it has been cloudy these days. I don't tlmik I can get this picture!” Mike complamed.“Why not use one of your photos on the computer” suggested Mom.“I can'tthe mles say die photos have to be taken with a traditional camera. We hand in a roll of filiiL it gets developed（沖洗膠卷）

8、,and we 14.one photo fbr the competition.“Why is a sunset so unportant? ” Mom asked“The 15 of the competition is peace J Mike explained, <and I feel most peaceful seeing a sunset”Zach, his six-year-old brother came out of the bedi oom. "Hey, you want to take a picture of me? Look! ” He put b

9、oth aims over his head.“Not nght now/ said Mike, laughmg.That very afternoon, Mike felt excited when he saw clear skies. He caiefiilly luied up lus shol（鏡頭）and wailed6 （ill llic sun icachcd the giound."That's it? Perfect!" he shouted cheerfully.The next monuiig, Mike noticed he could t

10、ake one nioie picture to complete die roll offiliiL so he walked into Zach's room. Zach was 17 quietly with a teddy bear under lus arm. Mikedidn t wake Zach up, and carefiilly took a picture of him.A week later Mike got the photos. The sunset picture was tlie one he was mostto see. There it was?

11、 It was as nearly perfect as Mike had expected.Then, he looked tlirough tlie other photos. Suddenly, he stopped. His eyebiows（眉 rose as he 19 the photo of Zach. He looked back at tlie photo of the sunset, which seemed lessperfect now. He 20 the two choices. Fuially he decided to hand in die photo of

12、 Zachfbr the competition.13. A. violmB. temusC. photoD. chess14. A. chooseB. collectC. describeD. design15. A. prizeB. topicC. resultD. puipose16. A. politelyB. bravelyC. hopefiillyD. secretly17. A. playingB. readmgC. writingD. sleepmg18. A. afraidB eagerC. surprisedD.confused19. A. studiedB. shaied

13、C. copiedD. fixed20. A. changedB. offeredC. acceptedD. weighed三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。Young Heroes for the PlanetNowadays, people around the world aie working to help oui plaiiet. Check out how die four young adults made a difference.Saving PandasWhen Jack was 11,

14、 he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas m danger CCI hope to encourage more people to care about pandas J Jack says.Growing RightKathy, 14, set up an oigamzation to educate people about growing right plant in right places. She also wro

15、te a book to help people leam what plants aie native to （本土的）their aiea.Creating EnergyAt the age of 12, Lmda invented a maclune called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity（電）, Linda says her mvention creates electiicity in a way that is less hainifiil to the environment.Cleaning

16、 UpPatrick, 13 joined the Ocean Heioes Camp last yeai. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around neaiby lakes with lus friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.21. Who stalled a group to teach kids about pandas?A Jack.B. Katliy.C. Lmda.D. Patrick.22 How old was L

17、mda when she mvented SuperE0C. 13.D. 14.B. To protect pandas m dangerD. To use heat to make elecuicity.A. 11.B. 12.23 . What was the goal of Patrick's project?A. To fight plastic pollution.C. To leani about native plants.When I was m the eighth grade, my class was assigned（指 派）to be fiiends witl

18、i the second-grade kids. I got this little girl named Shelley. The fust time I saw her, she was silent and cold. She was small for her age, and she didn't play with the otlier kids in her class.I tried all kinds of things to get her to talk to me. I bought her toys, crayons and candies. But tiy

19、as I might, notlung worked. One time, I gave her a coloring book and said, “Shelley, now you can color at aiiy time.”Shelley looked at the coloiing book and then looked up at me, and filially looked away. By that, I didn't know how I was gomg to get through to the little girl, but I knew I would

20、n't give up on her.One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my cluldliood. I told her that I felt lonely when I was witli my classmates, and how I thought only my teachers liked me. I also told her that eveiy day was a battle（戰(zhàn)役）fbi me and I fought back tears so people wouldn't know h

21、ow much I was hurting.She sat there just listening, tiymg to decide whether I was lying or not. Finally, when my stoiy ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did the unthnikable. She said, “Thank you." From then on. Shelley was a different little gul. She started simling and talking

22、with other kids.Lookmg back at this, Tm m awe（驚嘆）,because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn't alone. I didn't ask her to tell her story, because her story is my story.24. What was Shellev like when the water first saw her? JA. Cold.B. Lazy.C. Noisy.D. Slow.25. In order to get t

23、luough to Shelley, the writer.A. wrote her a book B. made her a toyC. drew her a picture D. told hera story26. Shelley changed a lot because she realized tliat.A. her teachers loved herB. her classmates were kmdC. the writer understood herD. she liad to study even haiderASchoo） Gardens Could Help Ch

24、ildren Try More VegetablesIt's not always enjoyable for cluldien to eat vegetables. But vvliat if a garden is built in the school? New research suggests that a gardenmg program in schools can mcrease children's vegetable intake（攝入 晨）.How the Studv Was Carried OutThe study was earned out in e

25、ight schools. Each school was in the gardemng piograni fbr one school year. Eveiy cluld m grades 3-5 received a total of eighteen 60-nunute lessons across the school year. Iii the piogiam each school built a garden, where children leained to grow then own fresh produce, like fruit and vegetables.The

26、 Benefits Children Could GetThe study found that vegetable mtake if tlie cluldien who grew their own produce increased greatly across the year. Related studies show tliat mcreased vegetable intake can unprove health and cut the nsk of cluomc diseases（慢性疾?。?Not only are there benefits to health, mcre

27、asing the variety of vegetables cluldien are exposed（接觸）to may also make mealtimes much easier77 Cluldi en who are often exposed to a vanety of vegetables are more likely to try new foods,“ explains Dr. Keny Jones. For cluldien, growing then own food is a poweihil tool to increase then mtake of the

28、food.28Any opportiunty to expose childien to more vegetables is meaningful. "If children are leanmig about vegetables at school, it's nnportant to encoiuage tins interest,“ says Jones Paients can listen to tlieir children about what diey have leained and read the handouts they bring home fi

29、om school. Parents and cluldien can also read books together. Ybuiiger cluldren can eiijoy reading stones about vegetables with parents who offer useful messages. Older children may enjoy seaiclung tluough cookbooks with paients to find new dnmei ideas to cook vegetables in a tasty way. Besides, a s

30、mall planter box m a sunny part at home can encourage children to understand more about where theu food comes from.Teachmg cluldren to grow theu own produce is a great way to increase tlieu preference fbr the produce. If cluldren are taught to eiijoy vegetables early in life, tliey will probably con

31、tinue eating vegetables m the long teim.27. What did cluldren do in thu gardenmg program0A. They did research on new plants.B. They grew fresh produce at school.C. They took home green vegetablesD. They built gardens fbr theu classes.28. Wluch of the following would be the best headmg fbr Paragaph4?

32、A. Ideas to Encouiage Cluldieii to Cook at HomeB. Ways to Expose Children to Vegetables at HomeC. Reasons Whv Paients Should Understand ChildrenD. Suggestions Wluch Cluldren Could Get from Parents29. What can we leain from die piogram?A Parents' support nught improve children's readmg.B. Sch

33、ool programs could develop students' creatmty.C. Doing studies can prepare students fbr ftituie learnuig.D. Hands-on expenence may mfluence children's preference.DNature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature caimot be the result of human activities aud on the o

34、ther hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. Howevei; this is not the only opinion on die relationship between iiauue and cultuie. Studies m （lie development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural efibrt, is pai t of the development of t

35、he human species（物 種）.Scvcial model n wihcis saw the pioccss of educational a sUugglc（斗 爭(zhēng)）ugaiust human natuic. We aie born with wild natures, such as eatmg and behavmg in a disorganized way or actmg selfishly. Education uses cultuie as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is tliaiiks to cu

36、lture tliat the human species could learn to adapt（適卜1），progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.Over the past centiuy and a half, however, studies in die history of limiian development have shown that the formation of cultuie is pan of the biological adaptation. Considei, fbr exampl

37、e, hunting（打獵）.It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed hunians to move mto new and different aiuas, openuig up the oppoitumty to change livmg habits. At the same time, the development of weapons（武器）is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set ofhuntmg tools, and from hunting tool

38、s to mles relatmg to the proper use of weapons. Huiitmg also seems to be responsible fbr a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just tlunk ofliow this veiy simple thing is closely related to daiice, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological developm

39、ent and cultural development are closely tied.The transniisslon of cultuie seems to be duectly related to what's in our blood. Just as snails carry then shells, so do we brmg along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to differen

40、t populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if wc were bom from Russian parents in Paris just as we can leain how to speak English even if none of oui family or friends speak that language.30. What is Paragiaph 2 mainly about?A Culture belongs to human nanire.B. Nature teaches humans how to

41、adapt.C. Humaiis are supposed to be well organized.D. Education pushes the human species to progress.31. Why does the writer talk about hunting m Paragiaph 3?A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.B. To stress the importance of tools m humans' stniggle for life.C. To show how

42、 cultuie develops as liuiiians adapt to the enviionment.D. To explain why tlieie is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.32. The word "transmission“ in Paragraph 4 probably means "A. systemB. spreadC. scanD. spiiir33. What is the writer's opuuon on the natiue-culture relationsl

43、up0A. Cultuie and natuie are separate yet balanced.B. Culture depends much on nature to progress.C. Nature and culture are difierent but connected.D. Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.第二部分本部分共6題,共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)（每題2分，共10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。laptopScreen-Free DaysI remember the

44、fust time I suggested screen-free days m oui school to some of our student leaders Jokingly, I said to the group, “What do you thnik if we go a week without using oui laptops or smartphones?”Tliey laughed, and one of them said, ccNo way, Nir. White. They would be too much." I could feel their w

45、orry, and told them tliat I was only considering smgle screen-fiee days. Even that idea left them feeling upset.According to a survey we did. most students m our school spend about six hours a day on screens. Many of my students start theu day by checkuig theu siiiai tphones. I often see tliem looki

46、ng at their phones when getting off tlie bus or at parents7 drop-ofT they can't use their ovn “screens" at school. They usually work on computers at school fbr at least two hours diiniig the day.It's cleai- that oui, students spend a lot of time on screens. We do see the benefits of tec

47、hnology. However, we teachers also want to make sure that studems have balanced leanimg and social expenences away from their screens. That's why we have come up with the idea of screen-fiee davs. JDurmg the course of tlie year, we have built in several screen-free days that requue us to make di

48、fferent plans for oui students about how they will conunumcate with one anothei and the world around them without “screens”. For some teachers, this means bmigmg back a valuable lesson plan tliat has been put off for some tune because it is "out of date： Otliers liave designed sometluiig comple

49、tely new.Fun activities, fbr example, card games and room escape（密室逃脫）games, are organized at school. In these activities, students socialize without siiiaitphones and have face-to-face conmiumcation without checkuig on “l(fā)ikes" they've got oiilme. These ftm activities also make it possible

50、fbr tlie whole grade to eiijoy the company of their friends with no smartphones.After our fust scrcen-fiee day, students mentioned tliat they were suipiised they enjoyed it.Finding ways to help our students coimect with one another is miportant.While teclmology is already part of our world, it shoul

51、dn't play such an unportant role m a learner's life.34. How niaiiy hours do most students in the school spend on screens eveiy day?35. Why have the teachers come up witli the idea of scieen-fiee days?36. Wliat fiin activities can the students have at school?37. How did die students feel afte

52、r the first scieen-fiee day?38. What do vou tluiik of the idea of screen-free davs° Whv do vou thuik so? ，J，五、文段表達(dá)（10分）從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段 寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你 的校名和姓名。39 .北京是一座蘊(yùn)含著豐富文化的城市，這里的建筑、戲曲、美食、服飾、手工藝品等, 都有文化的印記。假如你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)正在開(kāi)展線上國(guó)際交流活動(dòng)，其公眾號(hào)計(jì)劃做關(guān)于北京文 化的系列推送，現(xiàn)就

53、“Cultural Symbols of Beijing（北京文化標(biāo)志）”這一話題在校內(nèi)收集索材。 請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給公眾號(hào)留言，推薦一個(gè)你眼中的北京文化標(biāo)志，對(duì)其作簡(jiǎn)要介紹，并說(shuō)明推薦 理由。提示詞語(yǔ)：show, uaditional, love, treasure, unpoitant提示問(wèn)題：Iii your opinion, whaCs Ilie cultural symbol of Beijiug?Please describe it.Why do you dunk it can be a symbol?Pm Li Hua, fiom Class I, Grade 9.I hope my

54、idea can be taken. Thanks!40 .現(xiàn)實(shí)中，大到自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境，小到個(gè)人生活和學(xué)習(xí)，變化無(wú)處不在，面對(duì)變 化，唯有積極適應(yīng)，才能有所進(jìn)步和收獲。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開(kāi)展以“適應(yīng)變化”為主題的征文活動(dòng)，假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇 短文投稿，談?wù)勀闵钪械囊粋€(gè)變化，你是如何應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)變化的，以及有什么收獲。提示詞語(yǔ)：help, enjoy, new. challenge, take action提示問(wèn)題： What is the change that happened in your life?How did vou deal with it?JWhat have you

55、learned from the experience?There are many changes in a person's life.2021年北京市中考真題英語(yǔ)姓名 準(zhǔn)考證號(hào) 考場(chǎng)號(hào)座位號(hào)I.本試卷共10頁(yè)，共兩部分，共39題，滿分60分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。2.在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)。須3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無(wú)效。知4.在答題卡上、選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束,請(qǐng)將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng)。一、單

56、項(xiàng)填空（每題05分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中據(jù)擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. Maryas birthday is coimiig. We've decided to make a cake forA. himB. herC. vouD. themJ【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：瑪麗的生口快到了。我們決定為她做一個(gè)蛋糕?？疾榇~辨析。him他：her她：you你/你們：them他們。根據(jù)"Mary' s birthday iscoming."可知,此處指Mary，女性，故選B。2. Space Day of Cluna falls

57、 Apiil 24th every year.A. onB. byC. atD. m【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：每年的4月24 口是中國(guó)的“航天口".考查介詞辨析。on用在:星.期或具體時(shí)間前；by到為止；at其后加點(diǎn)鐘等：in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根據(jù)"April 24th”可知，此處加具體的時(shí)間，故選A,3. shall we meet for the picnic?At the school gate.A. HowB. WhenC. WhyD. Where【解析】【詳解】句意：我們野餐在哪里見(jiàn)面？ 在學(xué)校門口?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。How如何：When何時(shí)：Why

58、為什么；Where哪里。根據(jù)"At the school gate；可知,此處對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn),故選D。4. Sam,Ijoin you m the community sendee?-Of couise you can.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. need【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意： Sam,我能加入你的社區(qū)服務(wù)嗎？你當(dāng)然可以?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。can可以:must必須:should應(yīng)該：need需要。根據(jù)"Of course you can."可知，此處請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許，用can,故選A。5. The doctors worked fbr ten hours.