Of-marriage-and-single-life賞析整理

1、Of marriage and single life譯文：成了家的人，可以說對(duì)命運(yùn)之神付出了抵押品。因?yàn)榧彝ルy免拖累事業(yè)，而無論這種事業(yè)的性質(zhì)如何。所以是能為公眾獻(xiàn)身人，應(yīng)當(dāng)是不被家室所累的人。因?yàn)橹挥羞@種人，才能夠把他的全部愛情和財(cái)產(chǎn)，都奉獻(xiàn)給唯一的情人公眾。而那種有家室的人，恐怕寧愿把最好的東西留給自己的后代。 有的人在結(jié)婚后仍然愿意過獨(dú)身生活。因?yàn)樗麄儾幌矚g家庭，把妻子兒女看作經(jīng)濟(jì)上的累贅。還有一些富人甚至以無子嗣為自豪。也許他們是擔(dān)心，一旦有了子女就瓜分現(xiàn)有的財(cái)產(chǎn)吧。有一種人過獨(dú)身生活是為了保持自由，以避免受約束于對(duì)家庭承擔(dān)的義務(wù)和責(zé)任。但這種人，可能會(huì)認(rèn)為腰帶和鞋帶，也難免是一種束

2、縛呢！ 實(shí)際上，獨(dú)身者也許可以成為最好的朋友，最好的主人，最好的仆人，但很難成為最好的公民。因?yàn)樗麄冸S時(shí)可以遷逃，所以差不多一切流竄犯都是無家者。 作為獻(xiàn)身宗教的 ，是有理由保持獨(dú)身的。否則他們的慈悲就先布施于家人而不是供奉于上帝了。作為法官與 師，是否獨(dú)身關(guān)系并不大。因?yàn)橹灰麄兩磉呌幸粋€(gè)壞的幕僚，其進(jìn)讒言的能力就足以抵上五個(gè)妻子。作為軍人，有家室則是好事，這正可以在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上激發(fā)他 們的責(zé)任感和勇氣。這一點(diǎn)可以從土耳其的事例中得到反證那里的風(fēng)俗不重視婚姻和家庭，結(jié)果他們士兵的斗志很差。 對(duì)家庭的責(zé)任心不僅是人類的一種約束，也是一種訓(xùn)練。那種獨(dú)身的人，雖然在用起來似很慷慨，但實(shí)際上往往是心腸很硬

3、的，因?yàn)樗麄儾欢脤?duì)他人的愛。 一種好的風(fēng)俗，能教化出情感堅(jiān)貞的男子漢，例如像優(yōu)里西斯（Ulysses)那樣，他曾抵制美麗女神的誘惑，而保持了對(duì)妻子的忠貞。 一個(gè)獨(dú)身的女人常常是驕橫的。因?yàn)樗枰@示，她的貞節(jié)似乎是自愿保持的。 如果一個(gè)女人為丈夫的聰明優(yōu)秀而自豪，那么這就是使她忠貞不渝的最好保證。但如果一個(gè)女人發(fā)現(xiàn)她的丈夫是妒忌多疑的，那么她將絕不會(huì)認(rèn)為他是聰明的。 在人生中，妻子是青年時(shí)代的情人，中年時(shí)代的伴 ，暮年時(shí)代的守護(hù)。所以在人的一生中，只要有合適的對(duì)象，任何時(shí)候 結(jié)婚都是有道理的。但也有一位古代哲人，對(duì)于人應(yīng)當(dāng)在何時(shí)結(jié)婚這個(gè)問題是這樣說的：“年紀(jì)少時(shí)還不應(yīng)當(dāng)，年紀(jì)大時(shí)已不必要?！?/p>

4、美滿的婚姻是難得一遇的。?？梢姷皆S多不出色的丈夫卻有一位美麗的妻子。這莫非是因?yàn)檫@種丈夫由于具有不多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而更值得被珍視嗎？也許因?yàn)榘殡S這種丈夫，將可以考驗(yàn)一個(gè)婦人的忍耐精神吧？如果這種婚姻出自一個(gè)女人的自愿選擇，甚至是不顧親友的勸告而選擇的，那么就讓她自己去品嘗這枚果實(shí)的滋味吧.Social Effects of Marriage and Single LifeThroughout the short essay Of Marriage and Single Life, Francis Bacon compared marriage with single life and listed d

5、isadvantages of being single, intending to persuade single men to join in marriage. After reading the essay for several times, I got a feeling that rather than stressing on practical benefits that men can get from marriage, Bacon focused on the benefits which married men can bring to the society.A m

6、arried man can be more loyal to the country. Although wife and children are sometimes thought to be impediments to what they want to do, they surely can make the husband more responsible both for the family and for the country. On the contrary, single men will face less resistance, for they have no

7、families. As Bacon said in his essay, “unmarried men are best friends, best masters, best servants, but not always best subjects, for they are light to run away, and almost all fugitives are of that condition” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”). By saying this, Bacon concerned far more than the interes

8、ts of individuals. Looking in a macroscopic view, he thought that if a man is single, he can get more freedom, which is the most ordinary cause of single life, to betray the country and run away. On the other hand, if a man gets married, he could become more disciplined and loyal. For a married man

9、have a lot to care about, especially at the time when husband is the pillar of the family. Just suppose he intended to run away from the country, firstly he should think about the settlement of the whole familyhis wife and several children, and how he can make money in an entirely new place to feed

10、all of them. Unlike him, an unmarried man doesnt need to think about these problems, thus has more choices and less concerns. To me, running away to look for a better life is a matter of personal choice. But in Bacons mind or at least in his essay, what really matters is not the happiness of men, bu

11、t the interests of the country.In another sentence that supports his idea, Bacon wrote, “it is indifferent for judges and magistrates, for if they be facile and corrupt, you shall have a servant five times worse than a wife” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”). Since a single man can be free from the “g

12、irdles and garters” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”) of marriage. Without the supervision from a wife, and someone to care about, he may do whatever he wants. He might develop some bad habits harmful to the society and run off the track. Single men “are more cruel and hard-hearted (good to make sever

13、e inquisitors), because their tenderness is not oft called upon” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”). Although they may endow their love and money to the country, what the society needs in order to be stable and harmonious is the tenderness from everyones heart. While “wife and children are a kind of di

14、scipline of humanity” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”). Humanity means the quality of being human, such as the kind feelings, sympathies with others and tenderness. The love from his wife and children of a married man can cultivate him into a man softer and kinder. However, if a country is filled wit

15、h cruel and hard-hearted people, who single men tend to become, some negative impacts will occur and an ill social climate will be formed. In this sense, a man that has got married is better than one that is still single for the development of the country.Apart from that, a man with wife and childre

16、n can be more brave and devoted on the battlefield. “The generals commonly in their hortative put men in mind their wives and children” (“Of Marriage and Single Life”), because with their wives and children in mind, they are more determined to fight for the country and protect their families from su

17、ffering. On the contrary, a single man would behave badly, like Turks that are vulgar and base, since they only had themselves in mind. For a country involved in a war, what are needed are soldiers that would defend the country through thick and thin, but not those who would run away and dont take f

18、ull effort. In this respect concerning military and safety of the country, married men are more valuable than single men.Thinking about the points I have mentioned above, Francis Bacon mostly focused on single mens bad effect on the society. They are less loyal to the country, cruel and ill-behaved on battlefields. As far as I am concerned, these are no