賓語從句MicrosoftWord文檔

1、初中賓語從句講解objective clause（賓語從句）一、 賓語從句的概念在復(fù)合句中作賓語的一個(gè)完整的句子叫賓語從句。eg. We know Mr. Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）、語序、時(shí)態(tài)（一）引導(dǎo)詞1 陳述句作賓語從句由that引導(dǎo)。that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用，無任何意義，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。e.g.1）.I hear (that) you passed the exam.2）.He said (that) his father was a

2、 singer.3）.The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east.4）. He tells me. Mr. Li is a good teacher. (合并句子) He _ me _ Mr. Li is a good teacher.5). I think. He isnt strict with himself.(合并句子)I _ think _ he _ strict with himself.注意：當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect，imagine，guess 等詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)

3、，主句的主語為I/we時(shí)，如果賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。此類句子的反義疑問句也與從句保持一致。我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來，對(duì)嗎？ I _ think _ he _ come, _ _ ?2 一般疑問句作賓語從句由 whether, if 引導(dǎo)if/ whether 作“是否”講，說明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask, know,wonder, can(could) you tell me 等詞后，不可以省略。1. I want to know whether/if he is right.2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_.3. I wo

4、nder _whether/if we can get there.4. Could you tell me whether/if that film is interesting ?注意1： 只能用whether不能用if的情況1）.在介詞后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2).在動(dòng)詞不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.3).當(dāng)與or not連用，或提出兩種選擇時(shí):I dont know

5、 whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or clean the room.4）.賓語從句提前時(shí)：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.5）.用if容易引起歧義的時(shí)候用whether。請(qǐng)告訴我你是否認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)男孩。Please tell me whether you know the boy.Please tell me if you know the boy. 請(qǐng)

6、告訴我你是否認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)男孩；如果你認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)男孩請(qǐng)告訴我。注意2：if當(dāng) “是否”講時(shí)引導(dǎo)賓語從句，用一般將來時(shí)（will do）表示將來；當(dāng)“如果”講時(shí)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。when與if類似，當(dāng)作“什么時(shí)候”講時(shí)引導(dǎo)賓語從句，用一般將來時(shí)表示將來，當(dāng)作“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”講時(shí)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。e.g. I dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _(rain),I _(not walk) there.I want to know when your brother _(come).When he _(come),please

7、 tell me. 3由Who, whom, whose, which, what，where, how, why, when等特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句作賓語從句時(shí)，由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 這些特殊疑問詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。1). He asked who the man is.2). Do you know whose book it is?3). He asked what he could do for that.4). Do you know which answer is the best?5). Please tell me where

8、the right way is.6). Can you tell me how we can get there?7). Could you tell me when we should meet?注意：特殊疑問詞+sb. can/should/will do作賓語常與特殊疑問詞+to do作賓語互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如：I dont know how I can get to the nearest supermarket.=I dont know _ _ get to the nearest supermarket.（二）語序：陳述句語序即：主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）Do you rem

9、ember (他多大歲數(shù))?當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what, who作主語時(shí)，語序不變：Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?（三）時(shí)態(tài)：1、主句用一般將來時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等“現(xiàn)在”范疇的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要來用，不受主句影響。I want to know what time he got up this morning. He will te

10、ll us that he has been able to look after himself. They are saying that they really like this city.2、主句用過去時(shí)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、過去完成時(shí))。Kate said there was a box under the desk.They asked what he was doing then.She asked whether I had seen her before.3、從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dad to

11、ld us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.4、從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍用一般過去時(shí)。The teacher told me she was born in 1960.一、合并句子。1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2

12、. Light(光) goes faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. Are the childr

13、en playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8. Where did she put her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. What does he often

14、talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I dont know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street.12. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Plea

15、se tell me _ _ _ _.13. Have they eaten fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.二、用合適的連接詞填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, i

16、f）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if) 8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what)9. I dont know

17、_ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)10. Do you know _ you are studying for? (why, what)三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3.Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _ (return) i

18、t already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6.He wants to know if you _(visit) the zoo next weekend. If you _(do),he _(wait) for you at the gate of the zoo.7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8.I think you _ about the murder now. (talk)9.I di

19、dnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I dont know when he _(finish) reading the book. When he _(finish) reading it ,I _(lend) it to you.11. Mr Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun.12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ there several time

20、s. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do)16. Could you tell me where the post office _ (is)?17. She doesnt know whether _ (go) or wait.18. They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.19. Our father said that h

21、e _ (will) buy a new computer.20. I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.四、單選：1. Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain2. The teacher told his students the sun_ in the east.A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen3. Im sure_ he will be here on time.A. if B. tha

22、t C. whether D. when4. Can you tell me _?A. whats the matter with him B. what the matter with him isC. what happened with him D. what with him happened5. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car6. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris7. Bruce says _ he can come at 9:00 tomorrow.A.