202X_202X學(xué)年高中英語Module4GreatScientistsSectionⅡGrammar課件外研版必修4

1、-1-Section GrammarZ INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)一、根據(jù)漢語提示,用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.亞洲其他國家和一些歐洲國家比如意大利等,都種植水稻。Rice also in many other Asian countries,and in some European countries like Italy.2.1966年,他的研究成果在中國發(fā)表。The results of his experiments in China in 1966.3.研究得到了政府的贊助。The research by the government.4.在此之后,袁

2、隆平培育的水稻還出口到巴基斯坦和菲律賓等國家。Following this,Yuan Longpings rice to other countries,such as Pakistan and the Philippines.一二is grown were published was supported was exported Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)5.在巴基斯坦,水稻是繼小麥之后的第二種最重要的作物并將在許多地方種植。In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat a

3、ndin many parts of the country.6.中國袁隆平高科技農(nóng)業(yè)公司已開發(fā)出一種新的雜交水稻。The new hybrid rice by the Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China.一二will be grown has been developed Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)一二二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.How long have you been (marry)?2.Im afraid you wont have time to get (chang

4、e). 3.To my delight,I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 4.Up to now,billions of dollars (spend) on space exploration. 5.A new supermarket (build) near our house now. married changed was chosen has been spent is being built Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123 1.Res

5、earchers learn things when they carry out experiments.(Page35)研究人員在做實驗的過程中獲得知識?？键ccarry outvt.實施,實現(xiàn)No matter what difficulty you will meet with,carry out your plan until you succeed.不管你遇到什么困難,都要執(zhí)行計劃直到你成功。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123考點延伸閱讀下列句子,體會與carry相關(guān)短語的搭配及含義Its a difficult job,but shes the

6、 person to carry it through.這是一項艱巨的工作,但她是能夠順利完成的那個人。搭配 carry through含義 成功完成;順利實現(xiàn) If you carry on in that way,youll end up in failure.如果你仍然那樣下去的話,你就會以失敗而告終。搭配 carry on含義 繼續(xù);繼續(xù)進行 He carried off most of the prizes.他贏得了大多數(shù)的獎項。搭配 carry off含義 贏得,獲得 Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Once they decide to c

7、arry out the policy,they will carry it through whatever difficulty they will meet.一旦他們決定執(zhí)行這個政策,無論遇到什么困難他們都將貫徹到底。carry out 實施,實現(xiàn)carry through 成功完成;順利實現(xiàn)carry on 繼續(xù),繼續(xù)進行carry off 贏得,獲得;成功地對付Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1232.Grammar 1復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)一、被動語態(tài)的概念語態(tài)有兩種:主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)

8、。主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài);主語是動作的承受者為被動語態(tài)。只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。二、通常在下列情況下使用被動語態(tài):1.不知道或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者。Paper is made from wood.紙是由木材制造而成的。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1232.強調(diào)動作的承受者。If you break the school rules,you will be punished.如果你違反校規(guī),你將受到懲罰。3.動作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無生命的事物。The wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.那座木橋被洪水

9、沖走了。4.有時,由于修辭的需要,表示委婉或禮貌,在科技文獻、新聞報道中也可以使用被動語態(tài)。It is believed that the political situation is critical.一般認為政治情況很危急。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123三、被動語態(tài)的用法考點被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:助動詞be+過去分詞A liar is not believed when he tells the truth.一個說謊者說真話時也沒人相信了。考點延伸 (一)各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Z INZ

10、HI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123語法填空,并將下列句子譯成中文The classroom (clean) by the students every day. 翻譯: 答案：is cleaned;學(xué)生們每天都打掃教室。A speech (give) this afternoon. 翻譯: 答案：will be given;今天下午將有一個演講。English lessons (broadcast) on the radio. 翻譯: 答案：are being broadcast;收音機里正在播英語課程。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作

11、學(xué)習(xí)123The room (clean) already. 翻譯: 答案：has been cleaned;房間已經(jīng)被打掃了。Your homework (hand) in today. 翻譯: 答案：must be handed;你必須今天把家庭作業(yè)交上。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123(二)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時的注意事項將下列句子變成被動語態(tài)1.帶雙賓語的句子變被動語態(tài)時,直接賓語和間接賓語都可作被動語態(tài)的主語。我朋友在我生日時送我一本有趣的書。My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday

12、. An interesting book . I . 答案：was given to me (by my friend) on my birthdaywas given an interesting book (by my friend) on my birthdayZ INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1232.動詞hear,listen to,make,have,let,see,notice,watch,observe等跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語,變被動語態(tài)時,賓語補足語變成了主語補足語,要恢復(fù)不定式符號to;而動詞-ing作賓語補足語,不變。有人看見他正

13、闖入辦公室。Someone saw him breaking into the office. 答案：He was seen breaking into the office.Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1233.謂語為短語動詞變被動語態(tài)時,不要漏掉短語動詞的介詞或副詞。為保持苗條,你應(yīng)該重視合理的飲食和鍛煉。To keep slim,you should pay attention to proper diets and exercise.To keep slim,proper diets and exercise . 答案：should be paid

14、 attention toZ INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1234.復(fù)合句變被動語態(tài),主句和從句都變。如果你給我演示一下如何操作,我能把工作做得更好。If you show me how to operate it,I can do the work better.If I how to operate it,the work better. 答案：am shown;can be doneZ INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123(三)動詞的主動形式表示被動之意語法填空,并將下列句子譯成中文1.某些連系動詞,如:look,feel

15、,smell,sound,prove,taste,turn out等。The flower (smell) sweet. 翻譯: 答案：smells;這花聞起來很香。2.表示開始、結(jié)束和開合意義的一類動詞,如:start,begin,end,stop,finish,open,close,lock,shut等。11.The school library (open) at 7:00 in the morning and closes at 10:00 in the evening. 翻譯: 答案：opens;學(xué)校圖書館早晨七點開門,晚上十點關(guān)門。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JI

16、EHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1233.表示主語狀態(tài)和特征的某些動詞,用主動形式表被動。常見此類動詞有:read,write,sell,keep,show,clean,cut,cook,wash,wear,move,drive,operate等,常和副詞well,easily,smoothly等連用。12.The pen well. 翻譯: 答案：writes;這支鋼筆書寫流暢。4.在need,require,want,worth(形容詞),deserve后跟動詞-ing,用主動形式表被動。13.The door needs (repair).=The door needs to . 翻譯: 答案：repa

17、iring;be repaired;這扇門需要修理。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1235.由blame,let(出租),remain,keep,rent,build構(gòu)成的不定式作表語,用主動形式表被動。14.The father was (blame) for the spoiled boy. 翻譯: 答案：to blame;這位父親應(yīng)對寵壞的男孩負責(zé)。6.不定式跟在形容詞(difficult,hard,fit,easy,impossible,dangerous等)后作狀語,主動形式表被動。15.The math problem is very diffi

18、cult (work) out. 翻譯: 答案：to work;這道數(shù)學(xué)題很難解出。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)1233.Grammar 2by+動詞-ing形式考點by+動詞-ing形式He earns his living by selling old books.他靠賣舊書為生。考點延伸 (1)by doing.借/靠/因(by置于動詞-ing前,表示方法、手段、原因)。語法填空,并將下列句子譯成中文You can make the cake by (mix)eggs and flour. 翻譯: 答案：mixing;把雞蛋和面粉混合,你可以做出蛋糕。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主預(yù)習(xí)HAYI JIEHUO合作學(xué)習(xí)123By (get) up early,I can have