名詞性從句與答案

1、名詞性從句一.相關(guān)概念1 .名詞：表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2 .名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分？名詞在句中主要作>、?口。3 .名詞性從句：在英語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來(lái)該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，由一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)，這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。名f主語(yǔ)從旬（TheSubjectClause）一個(gè)句子相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)。詞賓語(yǔ)從句（TheObjectClause）從表語(yǔ)從句（ThePredicativeClause）旬同位語(yǔ)從句（TheAppositiveClause）判斷下列句子屬于那種從句： .Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.

2、 .Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob. .Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask. .Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot. .IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers.4.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。廣連接詞：that,（只起連接作用，不作任何成分，本身沒(méi)有任何意思）whether,if（只起連接作用，不作任何成分，意思是是否”）asif,asthough（均表示

3、好像“，似乎"，只用于表語(yǔ)從句）連接代詞：what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever,whom,whomever,whose（起連接作用，作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)）J連接副J詞：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however（起連接作用,作狀語(yǔ)）二主語(yǔ)從句I劃出下列句子的引導(dǎo)詞，并判斷他們屬于哪一類.1. Thatheishardworkingisknowntous.2.Whetherhewillcomeisn'tclear.3.Whatweneediswater.4.Whoevercomesi

4、swelcome.5.Whowillgomakesnodifference.6.Whichhewillchooseisobvious.7. Whydinosaursdiedoutremainsapuzzle.8. Whenhewillgiveusalecturehasn'tbeendecided.9. Howhewillgothereisn'timportant.Whereveryouareismyhome.總結(jié)：1) .主語(yǔ)從句一律用陳述句語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.改正：但是whatisthematter和whatiswro

5、ng不可改變語(yǔ)序2) .連接詞that在從句中無(wú)實(shí)際意義，起引導(dǎo)作用，不作任彳成分，但不能省略.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.改正：3) .whether可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句解釋為“是否"但if不能(若It作形式主語(yǔ)，可用).4) .whoever,whatever,whichever等詞可以弓I導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,但nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等不能，它們只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句.IIIt作為形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)一個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為了使句子平衡，我們通常使用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把真正的主語(yǔ)放在其后。Thatheishar

6、dworkingisknowntousTtisknowntousthatheishardworking.Whetherhewillgowithusisn.4tclearIII常見的it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型It+be+形容詞+that從句Itisnecessary/important/obvious/likely/possible/certainthatEg.Itisobviousthatyouarewrong.It+be+-ed分詞+that從句Itisbelievedthat人們相信Itisknowntous/allthat眾所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已經(jīng)決定Itissaid

7、that.據(jù)說(shuō)It+be+名詞+that從句Itiscommonknowledgethat是常識(shí)Itisasurprise/afact/apity/nowonderashamethatIt+不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句Itappearsthat彳以乎Ithappensthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起IV主語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題1. 一個(gè)句子作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。EgWhetherhewillcomedependsontheweather.2. what引導(dǎo)的句子作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由句子的內(nèi)容決定。WhatIwantismoney.Whatweneed_ai

8、egoodbooksWhathesaid_isreasonable.Whatwewilldohasn'beendecided.3. Wherehewasbornandwherehelivesnowarenotclear.Whereandwhenhewasbornremainsasecret.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主從聯(lián)合做主語(yǔ)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的連詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。4. Whetherhewillcomeisn'不cea或if)Itisn'tclearwhetherhewillcome.以與if進(jìn)行替換)VExercises1. you

9、havedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.How2. hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3. youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether4. we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where5. leavestheroomlas

10、toughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who三.賓語(yǔ)從句I完成下列練習(xí)題1) Idon'tbelievehesaid.2) Sometimeswearen'tsatisfiedwithwehavegot.3) Wepaidavisittowasourprimaryschoollastweek4) Marysaidshewasn'fellingwell.5) I'mnotsurehecandoit.6) I'iinterestedinhewillcome.7) Idon'own

11、hewillchoose.8) I'minterestedinhewasabletoescapefromthebigfire.9) I'mthinkingabouthemetyesterday.10) Wereworriedaboutheissafe.IIIt作為形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句句式：Sb+make/believe/think/find/consider/feel+it+adj/n.+thatEg.Ithinkitapitythatyou.didn'tpasstheexam.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwo

12、days.III賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定前移如果賓語(yǔ)從句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)，要將從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。EgIthinkhewon'tcome(hate)-Idon'tthinkhewillcomehere.Idon'tbelieveyouhavefinishedyourwork,?IV.帶how的詞組也能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。1 CouldyoutellusitcoststoflytoHainan?2 Couldyoutellusyougoabroadforaholiday?3 Couldyoutellusthemeeti

13、ngwilllast?4 Idon'tknowitistothecinema5 Pleasetellusstudentsthereareinyourschool?6 Canyoutellushisbrotheris?7 Pleasetellusyouwillbeready.V賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。1. Idon'tknowhewiome.Iwanttoknowhewillcomeornot.Areyoutalkingabouthewillcome?小結(jié)：whether和if否可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但與ornot聯(lián)用時(shí)，常用;作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只用2. that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可省，

14、但引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓從時(shí)，第一個(gè)可省，其余均不能省。Eg.Hesaid(that)hehadbeenworkingherefortenyearsandthathewantedtogohome.3. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序。VIExercises1. Theyoungmanaskedit'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2. Wedon'tknowtheydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3. TheteacherasksusJimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.i

15、fC.whenD.whattime4. Doesanybodyknowwewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that5. Pleasetellme.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike6.Mysistertoldhim.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive7. Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goands

16、ee.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis8. Couldyoutellmehowlong?A. youhaveboughtthewatchB. youhavekeptthissciencebookC. haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD. haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina四.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句中最好辨認(rèn)的從句，它只放在系動(dòng)詞的后面，對(duì)主語(yǔ)起解釋說(shuō)明的作用。I表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞連接詞：that,whether,asif,asthough連接代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what連接IP

17、J詞：when,why,where,how,becauseII選擇合適的引導(dǎo)詞填空1Thequestioniswecanrelyonhim.(if?)2 That'swewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3 Helookedhewasgoingtocry.4 That'Iwaslate.5 ThereasonisIhavenomoney.6 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewashisbikebrokedownontheway.III表語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。1) .表語(yǔ)從句一律用陳述句的語(yǔ)序.2) .表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that無(wú)實(shí)際意義，但不能省略

18、.3) .表語(yǔ)從句只能用whether,而不能用if引導(dǎo).Whatmanypeopleareworriedaboutiswhetherwewillbeabletobuildabetterfuture.Thereasonhewaslatethismorningisthetrafficwastooheavy.IVExercises1. Thequestionisthefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how2. That'sthePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that3. Thereasonishei

19、sunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether4. Thatistheyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where5. Janeisnolongershewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when五.同位語(yǔ)從句I.同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在如idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,trut仍含有豐富內(nèi)涵的詞語(yǔ)后面，用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面那個(gè)詞的具體內(nèi)容。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，同位語(yǔ)從句多數(shù)用that來(lái)作引導(dǎo)詞，而且不能省略。少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞

20、how,when,where等.Eg.Hegaveherapromisejhathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.Weallknowthefactthatheisagoodstudent.IIExercises1. Manyteachersholdtheviewteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.2. Thesuggestionstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.3. Ihavenoideaitwillraintomorrow.4. Theques

21、tiontheycouldspendthenightwasarisen.六.名詞性從句中需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題I.whether與if的區(qū)別1. Iaskedhershehadabike.2. We'reworriedaboutheissafe.3. Idon'tknowheiswellornot.4. Idontknowtogo.5. Thequestionishewillpasstheexam.6. Ihaveaquestionhewillpasstheexam.7. hewillcomeisn'tclear.8. Itisn'tclearhewillcome.

22、小結(jié)：whether與if在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)，在下列情況下一般只能用whether,不用if:a.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首時(shí)；b.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；d.從句后有“ornot”時(shí)；e.后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，f.discuss后只能用whetheroII表示建議"請(qǐng)求“命令”的詞用在名詞性從句中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略掉。Itissuggestedthatyou（should）havearest至語(yǔ)從旬）Isuggestedthatyou（should）havearest（賓語(yǔ)從旬）Mysuggestionisthaty

23、ou（should）havearest.（表語(yǔ)從句）Igiveyouasuggestionthatyou（should）havearest.（同位語(yǔ)從句）常見詞：suggestadvise,order,command,demand,request,require,insist等III同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1 .同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)進(jìn)一步解釋前面名詞的內(nèi)容。定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾限制前面的名詞E.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（從何說(shuō)明消息”的內(nèi)容：我們隊(duì)取得了決賽勝利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

24、encouraging.（從句對(duì)消息”加以限定：是你告訴我們的，而非來(lái)自其他渠道。但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。）2 .同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連接詞，只起連接作用不作任何成分，沒(méi)有任何意思，但不能省略。定語(yǔ)從句中that是關(guān)系代詞，在句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。E.g.1）DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充當(dāng)任何成分）2）Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.（that指代promise,又在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。）IV .名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳

25、述語(yǔ)序。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的that和what的區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒(méi)有任何含義，只起連接作用，且在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可省略；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。E.g.Thathesaidsomadeusangry.Whathesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.V .疑問(wèn)詞+ever和nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別1、疑問(wèn)詞+ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。e.g.Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.

26、Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.2、nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。e.g.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.注意：who與whoever的區(qū)另Uwho是誰(shuí)”的意思，表示具有疑問(wèn)，whoever相當(dāng)于anyonewho無(wú)論誰(shuí)”Hegavewhoevercametothedoorasmile.=Hegaveanypersonwhocametothedoorasmile.比較：Heaskedmewhobroketheglas

27、s.（正確）他問(wèn)我是誰(shuí)打的玻璃。Heaskedmewhoeverbroketheglass（錯(cuò)誤）Whoevergoesagainstlawshallbepunished（正確）違法的人將受罰。Whogoesagainstlawshallbepunished.（錯(cuò)誤）VI .注意區(qū)分it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that,句子仍然成立。Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主語(yǔ)從句Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.強(qiáng)調(diào)句Wh

28、atwasitthathewanted?Idon'tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.ItwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblemVII .Exercises1. madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because2.iscertainispreventionismoreimportantt

29、hantreatment.A.It;thatB.What;thatC.As;whatD.What;what3. Heisabsentfromschool.Itis_heisseriouslyill.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason4. CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSales,please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho5. Informationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouni

30、versities.A.thatB.howC.whereD.what6. -IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where7. Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaygame?'s-Oh,that's.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited8. Shereceivedthemessagehewou

31、ldcomebyplane.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when9. Energyismakesthingswork.A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that10.Ourcityhaschangedalot,andnowitisquitedifferentfrom_afewyearsago.A.thatitusedtobeB.whatitusedtobeC.whichitusedtobeD.whatwasit11.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin,but.A.howyouget;thatyougiveB.whichyouget;what

32、yougiveC.whatyouget;whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget;whatdoyougive12.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It13.1 can'tunderstandisshewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;.whyD.What;because14. -Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.-itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak15. Itremainsaquestionwecangetsomuchm