中考英語(yǔ)必考八種時(shí)態(tài)用法大集合

1、中考英語(yǔ)必考八種時(shí)態(tài)用法大集合，太重要了，一定要掌握！時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)疑是初中英語(yǔ)最重要的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容，學(xué)好時(shí)態(tài)基本就拿下了語(yǔ)法的半壁江山。今天總結(jié)的八種時(shí)態(tài)是大家在初中階段必學(xué)必考的，中考復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)一定要加倍重視哦?。剀疤崾荆翰灰浭詹嘏?，將來(lái)用時(shí)好找）一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：is/am/are；do/does否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。3. 一般疑問(wèn)句：把is/am/are動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如

2、主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。4. 用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開(kāi)家。2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中國(guó)東部。3) 表示格言或警句。例如：Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)?。注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從

3、句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實(shí)了地球是圓的。4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英語(yǔ)寫得不錯(cuò)，講的可不行。5) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)含義a. 下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)，主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：The tr

4、ain leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什么時(shí)候開(kāi)?十分鐘后。b. 在時(shí)間或條件句中。例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來(lái)后，讓他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1. 概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。2. 基本結(jié)

5、構(gòu)：was/were；行為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。3. 用法1) 在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?2) 表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。例如：When I was a child, I oft

6、en played football in the street.我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那時(shí)，布朗一家無(wú)論什么時(shí)候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。注意：used to + do："過(guò)去常常"表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過(guò)去沒(méi)那么健忘。Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過(guò)去常常散步。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.

7、概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。4. 用法：1) 表示現(xiàn)在(指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。2) 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說(shuō)。(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)

8、3) 表示漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來(lái)越熱了。4) 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。5) 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, sta

9、rt, begin, return等瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)。例如：I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你會(huì)在這兒呆到下周嗎?四、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟騎車時(shí)摔了下來(lái)，受了傷。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.&#

10、160;我到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，陽(yáng)光燦爛。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。4. 用法1) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨暋?#160;     

11、2) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示。What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))She was doing her homework then.那個(gè)時(shí)候她正在寫作業(yè)。（副詞表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))3) 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。When he

12、was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)五、一般將來(lái)時(shí)1. 概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc.3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going

13、 to + do；will + do.否定形式：am/is/are+not+going to + dowill not（won't）+ do.一般疑問(wèn)句：am/is/are放于句首；will提到句首。4. will主要用于在以下三個(gè)方面：1) 表示主觀意愿的將來(lái)。They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去廠參觀工廠。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來(lái)。2) 表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的客觀的將來(lái)。Today is Satur

14、day. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（將）是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年這個(gè)時(shí)候他就（將）三十歲。3) 表示臨時(shí)決定，通常用于對(duì)話中。Mary has been ill for a week.瑪麗病了一周了。Oh, I didn't know. I will go and see her.噢，我不知道。我去看看她。5. be going to主要用于一下兩個(gè)方面：1) 表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮、安排好打算、計(jì)劃要做某事。Dad and I are g

15、oing to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。2) 表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生，表示推測(cè)。Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！烏云密集。天要下雨了。六、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1. 概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to

16、+ do；would + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would + not + do一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；would 提到句首。4. 用法1) “would+動(dòng)詞原形”常表示主觀意愿的將來(lái)。例如：He said he would come to see me.他說(shuō)他要來(lái)看我。He told me he would go to Beijing.他告訴我他將去北京。2) “was/ were+going to+動(dòng)詞原形”常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如：She said she was going to start off at

17、once.她說(shuō)她將立即出發(fā)。I was told that he was going to return home.有人告訴我他準(zhǔn)備回家。此結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示根據(jù)某種跡象來(lái)看，很可能或即將發(fā)生的事情。例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看來(lái)好像要下雨。3) come， go， leave， arrive， start等瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的含義。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他說(shuō)火車將于第二天早晨六點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。She told me she was comin

18、g to see me.她告訴我她要來(lái)看我。七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, since, for, in the past few years, etc.3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done.一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has。4. since的三種用法1) since +過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)

19、。例如：I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在這兒2) since +一段時(shí)間+ ago。例如：I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經(jīng)有五個(gè)月了。3) since +從句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）。例如：Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，變化可大了。比較since和for nce 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。例如：I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。注意：并非有for 作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1. 概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of l