Unit7TheAdventuresofTomSawyer知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

1、Unit 7 The adventures of Tom Sawyer (1)Date:_ name:_【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】 必記單詞adventure n.【 】 novel n.【 】congratulations n.pl.【 】 writer n.【 】humorous adj.【 】 task n.【 】board n.【 】 survey v.【 】progress n.【 】 rest n.【 】pity n.【 】 silence n.【 】while n.【 】 careful adj.【 】deal n.【 】 celebrated adj.【 】lazy adj.【 】 pret

2、end v.【 】 常考短語(yǔ)1. have a rest 2. think of3. come along 4. go on doing5. what a pity 6. in silence7. after a while 8. turn over9. trick sb. into doing sth. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1. Who is the writer of the novel? writer可數(shù)名詞，意為“作家，作者”，由動(dòng)詞write在詞尾加-r構(gòu)成。 【拓展】部分動(dòng)詞的后面可以加-(e)r或-or構(gòu)成名詞，該名詞表示執(zhí)行該動(dòng)作的人。 report(報(bào)道)reporter(記者) si

3、ng(唱歌)singer(歌手，歌唱家) swim(游泳)swimmer(游泳者) drive(駕駛)driver(駕駛員，司機(jī)) invent(發(fā)明)inventor(發(fā)明家) visit(參觀，訪問(wèn))visitor(參觀者)2. On Saturday morning, every boy in the town was happy, except Tom Sawyer. except在此處用作介詞，意為：除.之外，表示同類(lèi)事物之間的關(guān)系，不能放在 句首。其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞不定式。 We have classes every day except Sunday. 辨析

4、：except, besides, but與except forexcept除去.,除.之外強(qiáng)調(diào)從整體中除去部分，except后面的部分不包括在整體內(nèi)。besides除.之外還有強(qiáng)調(diào)除去一部分還有另外一部分，besides后的部分包括在整體內(nèi)。but除了多與no one, nobody, all, who等連用，其余情況下可與except互換。except for除去.之外表示對(duì)一個(gè)人或者事物先進(jìn)行一個(gè)整體評(píng)價(jià)，再就局部或細(xì)節(jié)提出看法或修正。 I know nothing about the young lady excep

5、t that she is from Beijing. There are three more visitors besides me. All but him have gone to Japan. His article is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.3. He painted one board and surveyed his progress, and then he sat down to have a rest. (1) survey 及物動(dòng)詞，意為：查看，審視 

6、   The engineers surveyed the coast. 工程人員查看了海岸。        She turned to survey her daughters pale face. 她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)頭審視女兒蒼白的臉。 【拓展】survey 作動(dòng)詞，還可意為：調(diào)查；作名詞，意為：調(diào)查，測(cè)量   Business Development Advisers surveyed 211 companies for the report. (v.)  &#

7、160;Please make a survey about your favorite festival and fill out the form. (n.)  (2) progress 不可數(shù)名詞，意為：進(jìn)展，常用短語(yǔ)如下：   make progress 取得進(jìn)展                  make g

8、reat progress 取得很大進(jìn)步     After some period of practice, you will make great progress.    (3) rest 名詞，意為：休息             have/take a rest 休息一下  【拓展

9、】rest作名詞，還意為：剩余部分，余下的人或物         the rest of 剩余的.， 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后的名詞保持一致。 The rest of the apples have gone bad. 剩余的那些蘋(píng)果壞了。 The rest of the apple has gone bad. 那個(gè)蘋(píng)果的剩余部分壞了。  rest也可作動(dòng)詞，意為：休息，歇息   The workers stopped to have a rest.&#

10、160;          We rested for an hour after lunch.4. Tom began to think of the games that he wanted to play.  think of 意為：想象到，想出，考慮。后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。Can you think of any other way to do it?      Were thinking of moving house.

11、【拓展】think of 還可意為：認(rèn)為    What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film?    由think構(gòu)成的其他短語(yǔ)：think about 考慮              think over 仔細(xì)考慮5. He knew the boys who were free would soon come along a

12、nd make fun of him. come along 意為：出現(xiàn)，來(lái)到 Do you want to come along?        Take any job opportunity that comes along.6. He picked up his brush and went back to work.   pick up 意為：拾起，撿起  He picked up his cap from the floor.  There is a book on the floo

13、r. Please pick it up. 【拓展】pick up還有“（用車(chē)）接（人或物）；（車(chē)輛）中途搭（人）”之意。 The car stopped and picked me up. 車(chē)停了，我上了車(chē)。 Ill come to pick you up. 我會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē)來(lái)接你的。7. What a pity!   這是一個(gè)感嘆句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為: what+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)！   pity名詞，意為：可惜，遺憾  It is a great pity that all students in the city cannot have the s

14、ame chances. 【拓展】 pity還可做不可數(shù)名詞，意為：憐憫，同情心  take pity on sb. 同情某人 I'm hoping some kind people will take pity on me.        I felt pity for the poor old man. 8. Does a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every d

15、ay? chance此處用作名詞：機(jī)會(huì)，可能性，常用短語(yǔ)：   take a chance 冒險(xiǎn)，碰運(yùn)氣             have/get a chance to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 Don't take a chance to cheat in the exam.  I finally got a chance to s

16、tand at the front of fashion.  9. Then he went on painting. go on doing sth. 不停地做某事，繼續(xù)做某事（前后做的是同一件事）   go on to do sth. 接著做另一件事（做另一件事，前后做的不是同一件事）   go on with sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 （前后做同一件事，但中間有暫停情況） The students went on talking and lau

17、ghing all the way . Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. He took a cup of tea, and went on with the story.10. Ben watched Tom in silence.in silence 意為：沉默地，無(wú)聲地The students are waiting for their teacher in silence.11. After a while, he said, “Tom, will you let

18、me do some painting?”  (1)while在此處用作名詞，意為：一會(huì)兒，一段時(shí)間 Lets have a rest for a while.             (2)do some painting 粉刷，刷油漆該短語(yǔ)中v-ing為動(dòng)名詞，這是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。表示做某事需要一段時(shí)間或反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：do some cleaning    做清潔工作   

19、;   do some cooking 做飯菜do some washing 洗衣服 do some shopping   購(gòu)物        12. Aunt Polly warned me to do it well. warn動(dòng)詞，意為：警告，提醒  warn sb. of /about sth. 警告某人某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（別）做某事 They warned him of the dangers of sail

20、ing alone. He warned me not to tell others his secrets.13. Ill give you half my apple. half 此處用作形容詞，意為：一半的。一般放在冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞之前。 Half the workers come from Shandong. 【拓展】half還可做名詞，意為：一半，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為halves。 The journey takes an hour and a half. half of. 意為：半數(shù)的，此結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)和介詞of后 的賓語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。 Half of the s

21、tudents are from China. Half of his life is spent making inventions.14. Without making a noise or sound. without介詞,意為：無(wú)，沒(méi)有。后接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 Fish cant live without water.            He left without saying a word.15. trick other boys into doing the wo

22、rk for him.   trick 此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為：誘使，哄騙trick sb. into doing sth. 誘使某人做某事They tricked me into making a great mistake. 他們騙我犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)。 【拓展】trick作名詞，意為：詭計(jì)，花招 play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人 He got into the castle by a trick. 他耍了個(gè)花招混進(jìn)了城堡。  【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】.英漢互譯。1. 休息一下 2. 想象到 3. 出現(xiàn) 4. 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒 5. 取笑 6. in silen

23、ce 7. what a pity 8. pick up 9. go on doing sth. 10. trick sb. into doing sth. .選擇可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項(xiàng) 1. He always sleeps in class, so his classmates often make fun of him. A. punish B. cheat C. help D. laugh at2. When Jason was painting the wall, some boys came along and wanted to join him. A. appea

24、red B. came C. arrived D. noticed3. After supper, Bob continued working. A. stopped B. kept on C. went on D. finished4. During the lecture, the classs sat quietly and listened carefully. A. comfortably B. calmly C. tiredly D. in silence5. Doed a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every day?

25、 A. possibility B. opportunity C. luck D. time6. Have you read the book called The Adventures of TomSawyer yet?  A. said         B. named          C.&

26、#160;talked  7. All the boys had fun playing soccer except Jack.  A. with         B. including          C. not including  8. If

27、60;it goes on raining, the houses will be drowned.  A. stops          B. starts            C. continues  9. After the ha

28、rd working, Tom gained great success in his study.  A. got             B. paid              C. passed 10. 

29、;Who is the author of this novel?  A. owner          B. writer             C. reader .根據(jù)句意及首字母提示填詞。1. The playground is over 120 y  

30、60;       long.2. The wall gained two c            of painting at last.3. We have worked for hours. What about having a r            ?4. You should read as many

31、 English books as p             .5. The w            of the story is Mark Twain. .用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1. He was getting more and more (interest) in the subject.2. Children must (warn)

32、to stay away from main roads.3. Let him (have) a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.4. Can you show me the right way (out) the problem?5. Without (say) a word, he left here angrily.6. All the kids enjoyed (they) at the party.7. The Childrens Palace opened many lessons of (paint) in t

33、he summer holiday.8. My teachers (encourage) words gave me much help when I was in trouble at that time.9. Have you read any books (write) by Mark Twain?10. The man was (set) free at last. .單項(xiàng)選擇1. Because of Project Hope,             childr

34、en get better education.   A. thousand      B. thousands        C. thousand of       D. Thousands of2. I found           very difficult  

35、60;       a car.   A. it;drive        B. this; to drive      C. this; driving       D. it; to drive3. We all went swimming         

36、0;  Tom because he was ill at home.   A. with          B. besides          C. except           D. beside4. A group of volunteers go to the G

37、reen Lake Park to            litter every month.   A. stay up        B. put up           C. show up         D.

38、 pick up5. Yesterday morning Tom hurried to class          his schoolbag,so he had to share Marys.   A. without        B. for              C. wit

39、h            D. past6. Smoking is bad for your health.Youd better          .   A. give up it       B. give it up        C. ta

40、ke out it        D.take it out7. -Ben looks so bad!  -He         in the school         his haircut.   A. was made fun of; because     B. was made fun of; b

41、ecause of    C. made fun of; because         D. made fun of; because of8. I          him to work hard and to try for the exam. He looked confident again.   A. encouraged     B

42、. made           C. let              D. forced9. The robber hit and          Mr Zhang and took away his wallet.   A. knocked up B. knoc

43、ked out C. knocked at D. knocked on10. Tim gets A grade in every exam and he            to be the cleverest in our class.   A. is considered     B. is considering    C. condiers    

44、0;   D. considered .語(yǔ)法填空We are al busy talking about and _1_ (use) the Internet, but how many of us _2_ (know) the history of the Internet? Many people are _3_&

45、#160;(surprise) when they find that the Internet was not set up in the 1960s. At the time, computers were large _4_ expensive. Computer networks didnt work well. If one computer in the network broke _5_, then the whole network stopped.So a new network system had to be set up. It should