初中狀語(yǔ)從句講解及習(xí)題附答案

1、（一）狀語(yǔ)從句概述定義狀語(yǔ)從句用作狀語(yǔ)，是起副詞作用的句子。位置狀語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，時(shí)間、條件、原因和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)需要用逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi)。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、讓步、方式和比較等狀語(yǔ)從句。作用它可以修飾謂語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和整個(gè)句子。（二）狀語(yǔ)從句詳解1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例when意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。When引導(dǎo)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬間動(dòng)詞。并且when有時(shí)表示“就在那時(shí)”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.說(shuō)謊者講真話時(shí)也沒(méi)有人相信。

2、When he arrives, Ill call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while意為“在的時(shí)候，在的同時(shí)”。While引導(dǎo)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生（或者相對(duì)應(yīng)）。While有時(shí)還可以表示對(duì)比。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as意為“一邊一

3、邊”。As引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時(shí)間較短，一般用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；as也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)一前一后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”.He smiled as he stood up. after意為“在之后”。表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。主句與從句的動(dòng)作時(shí)間關(guān)系與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, dont stay too long at your ta

4、ble after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before意為“在之前”。引導(dǎo)的從句不用否定形式的謂語(yǔ)，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)譯成“就，才”。當(dāng)主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語(yǔ)用的是過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞多用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的先后。You cant watch TV before you finish your homework.Before it ended, the theatre w

5、as almost empty. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.till意為“直到”。一般情況下可以和until互換。如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。She didnt even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.The fireman worked very hard

6、 till the fire was out.until意為“直到”。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。Im waiting for my sister. I wont go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.since意為“自從，從以來(lái)”。引導(dǎo)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。一般情況下，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但在It

7、is +時(shí)間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.as soon as意為“一就”。引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如果主句用了將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you a

8、s soon as I arrive.2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例where意為“哪里”?！皐here引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，（there+）主句”“哪里哪里就”。主句在從句后面時(shí)，there可用可不用；主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there.Where there is a will, there is a way. They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it. wherever意為“無(wú)論何地”。

9、anywhere/wherever引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句+主句。anywhere本身是個(gè)副詞，但是常可以引導(dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相當(dāng)于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處，無(wú)論何處”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.Ill go anywhere you go.3.條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，如果”。當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dont talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you

10、will have to leave.Well go for a picnic if it doesnt rain this weekend.unless連詞，意為“除非（=if not）。當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dont discuss the problems with your partner unless you are asked to do so. I wont go there unless you come with me.4.原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as意為“因?yàn)椤?。引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示附帶。說(shuō)明“雙方已知的原因”，語(yǔ)氣比since弱，較為正式，位置較為

11、靈活（常放于主句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, youd better take a taxi.As you are tired, youd better rest. since意為“因?yàn)椤薄Ｒ龑?dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、顯然的理由（通常被翻譯成“既然”），較為正式，語(yǔ)氣比because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Since the race is

12、in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold.Since everybody is here. Let's begin our meeting.because意為“因?yàn)椤薄Ｒ龑?dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，最適合why引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句。Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以與because of短語(yǔ)互換。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.Id like to collect stamps bec

13、ause they are interesting.Im very tired these days because of studying physics.He cant come because he is ill. = He cant come because of his illness.for意為“因?yàn)椤薄Ｒ龑?dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句并不說(shuō)明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句只能放于主句之后，并且必須用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。He must be ill, for he is absent today.He could not have seen me,

14、for I was not there. 5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為“以至，以便”。目的狀語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly. in order that意為“為了”，相當(dāng)于so that. in order to后面可以跟動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成目的狀語(yǔ)，

15、不是目的狀語(yǔ)從句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例sothat意為“如此以至于”。so+ adj./adv.原級(jí)+that, so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞和副詞。so還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little(這四個(gè)形容詞表示多或少時(shí))連用,形成固定搭配。so+ many 或few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that; so+ much或little+不可數(shù)名詞+that.This year it has raine

16、d so heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present.There are so few notebooks that I cant give you any.such.that意為“如此以至于”。有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：such

17、+a(an)+adj.+單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞+that; such(+adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞+that; such( + adj.) +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that, such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組。有時(shí)可與sothat句型轉(zhuǎn)換。Its such a wonderful song that we all like it.Simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.The boy is so young that he cant go to school.= He is such a young boy that he cant go

18、 to school.7.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例though意為“雖然”。不能和but連用。但是可以同yet(still)連用，構(gòu)成thoughyet(still). though較普遍，常用于非正式的口語(yǔ)和書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。even能和though組合表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，在這里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使也)。though可以獨(dú)立用作副詞，常放在句末，意為all the same(還是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)。So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all.Thou

19、gh they are twin brothers, they dont look like each other.Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation. although意為“雖然”。不能和but連用。但是可以同yet(still)連用，構(gòu)成althoughyet(still). although 較為正式，語(yǔ)氣比though重，常用以強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步概念。 even不能和although組合。Although he died several

20、 years ago, I can still remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例asas.意為“和一樣”。表示同級(jí)的比較。使用時(shí)要注意第一個(gè)as為副詞，第二個(gè)as為連詞。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：as+adj./adv.原級(jí)+as。若有修飾成分，如twice, three times, half, a qua

21、rter等，則須置于第一個(gè)as之前。She is very good at painting. She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out as quickly as possible. not as / soas意為“和不一樣，不如”。也表示同級(jí)比較。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 9.方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as/(just)as.so意為“猶如，就像”。引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常位于主

22、句后，但在(just)as.so結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意為“正如，就像”，多用于正式文體。When in Rome, do as the Romans do.As water is to fish, so air is to man. as if/ as though意為“就像，好像”。兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。常譯作“仿佛似的，好像似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if w

23、e were the same age. It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 練習(xí)一一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basketball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will com

24、e; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will st

25、ay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with

26、 my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finis

27、h your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice

28、 _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do

29、 that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as

30、 B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二. 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子1. 不管他跟我開(kāi)什么玩笑，我都不生氣。 I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2. 布魯斯太太對(duì)學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。 Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ thei

31、r mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？ Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5. 這個(gè)七歲的女孩酷愛(ài)鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅(jiān)持練習(xí)兩年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.6. 雖

32、然她很忙，他還堅(jiān)持自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 _ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他長(zhǎng)大后相當(dāng)一名記者。 He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8. 無(wú)論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個(gè)到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會(huì)變得更美好。 _ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become mu

33、ch more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×恕?Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.練習(xí)二1. The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't b

34、elieve you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4 .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to5 .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isn't

35、; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6 .They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see m

36、e before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D

37、. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13.We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rin

38、gs D. are watching; rang14.By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen;

39、have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C

40、. left D. has been away19. I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21.Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. becaus

41、e B. but C. until D. if22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since

42、 D. After25. I'd like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not_yours.A. as big as B.

43、 as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pas

44、s the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you_I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. _ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fields.A. but they B.