賓語從句講解及練習(xí)附答案張夢(mèng)杰

1、初中英語語法賓語從句講解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)及答案 賓語從句三注意時(shí)態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句不需受限制 主句一般過去時(shí)從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí) 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引一般疑問句用if/whether, 特殊問句疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。 一、基本講解 1 概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句可作謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動(dòng)詞賓語) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動(dòng)詞賓語) （了解） Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語

2、) 2.連接詞 (1) .陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句, 主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序 eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei . 注意一般情況下whether 和if 可以互用 但有些情況例外。 a. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking a

3、bout whether well go on the pinic. b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或 not 連用時(shí) 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if當(dāng)如果講時(shí) 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句 這時(shí)不能用whether. (3).特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語序。 E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you? 特殊情況=當(dāng)do you think后接特殊疑

4、問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時(shí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞do you think，用陳述句語序。 3.賓語從句時(shí)態(tài) a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)從句不受主句的限制根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。例如 Do you knowif/whether he has seen the film? 2 b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)從句要用過去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。例如 I didnt know if/whether he had seen the film. 注意當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)而從句表示的是客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象科學(xué)原理格言等從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如 He said that the earth moves round t

5、he sun. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 4.、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用 a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致如果是第二人稱則與主句的賓語一致如果是第三人稱不用變化。如 “May I use your knife”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone

6、 number. b. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句用句號(hào)主句是疑問句用問號(hào)。如 Who will give us a talk? I don?t know. I don?t know who will give us a talk. Do you knowWhere does he live? Do you know where he lives? 步驟：1、根據(jù)原句確定連接詞（that、if 、whether、特殊疑問詞 ） 2、調(diào)整語序（陳述句） 3、根據(jù)主句確定時(shí)態(tài) 4、人稱變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用二、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 （了解）簡(jiǎn)化賓語從句常用六法。1.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是hope

7、wishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主語與從句主語相同時(shí)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時(shí)，主從句的主語也須一致這時(shí)從句可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如 I dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater

8、 to buy. 3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是asktell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時(shí)從句的主語和間接賓語一致且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時(shí)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時(shí)賓語從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如Could you tell me how to get to the park? 4. 當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是findseewatchhear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如 She found that the wallet lay/was lyin

9、g on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 初中英語賓語從句語法專項(xiàng)精選試題習(xí)題(一)（時(shí)態(tài)）1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The

10、 students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled習(xí)題(二)（連接詞）1 Can you tell me_ y

11、ou were born, BettyA. who B. what C. when D. that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I dont know _ he still

12、 lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose習(xí)題(三)（語序）1. They dont know -their parents are.A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _

13、what last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mot

14、her sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me _A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D.

15、when did they leave Beijing習(xí)題(四)1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市東城區(qū))A. that B. how C. What D. if2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us.He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. why B. when C. how D. where3.We never know _

16、the old m an is.They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重慶市)A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when5. Do you know _ Im going to see him.Sorry, I dont know. (北京市海淀區(qū))A. where does Mr. Li live B.

17、where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived6. W here do you think _ he _ the computerSorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. (重慶市)A. what the matter is B. what is wrongC. what the matt

18、er was D. what wrong was8. Where is JackHe is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . (南昌市)A. that B. which C. where D. there參考答案：答案:1-5 A D C B C答案:1-7 C B B A A A C答案:1-6 B D B A A C答案:14 D A A D 58 C A C CAnswers一、選擇題（215=30分）1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C

19、7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。（120=20分）(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 1

20、5. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。 （130=30分）1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednt be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called四、根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子，一空一詞。 (110=10分) was bought for me Is made in China co

21、vered with五、下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過來。 （10分）be done改為 do listened改為 listened to remembered 改為 was remembered is sounded 改為sounds By who 改為 By whom被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（一）一、選擇題( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build( )2. An accident _ on this road last wee

22、k.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the scho

23、ol hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives( )6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done( )8.-Wh

24、en _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used( )9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known( )10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written( )11.A story _ by Granny yesterday

25、. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us( )12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump( )13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put( )14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. mus

26、t look after D. looked after( )15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.Its said(據(jù)說) that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now3.Which language _the most widely_（s

27、peak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.9. What _ knives _ (make) o

28、f ? They_(make) of metal(金屬) and wood.10. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library?11. The room _ (clean) by me every day.12. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well.15. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?16. T

29、he food _ (smell) delicious.17. Look! Someone _(dance).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)） _ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換） A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (對(duì)劃線提問) How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will sing an English song. (改為