英文書信格式規(guī)范

1、Lecture 8 English Letters 書信是應(yīng)用文主要考試題型書信是應(yīng)用文主要考試題型, ,包括自薦信、邀請(qǐng)包括自薦信、邀請(qǐng)信、投訴信、感謝信、介紹信、說(shuō)明書、推薦信、投訴信、感謝信、介紹信、說(shuō)明書、推薦信、求職信、祝賀信等。如信、求職信、祝賀信等。如20012001年年6 6月（寫一封月（寫一封信給一位校友，對(duì)度假安排提出建議）以及信給一位校友，對(duì)度假安排提出建議）以及20022002年年1 1月（要求就本校食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫一月（要求就本校食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信）。書信寫作格式非常重要，格式不正確封信）。書信寫作格式非常重要，格式不正確往往是很多考生失分的主要原因。往往是很

2、多考生失分的主要原因。 一封正式的英文書信通常包括下面幾個(gè)組成一封正式的英文書信通常包括下面幾個(gè)組成部分：信頭部分：信頭(Heading)(Heading)、信內(nèi)地址、信內(nèi)地址(Inside (Inside Address)Address)、稱呼、稱呼(Salutation)(Salutation)、正文、正文(Body)(Body)、結(jié)束語(yǔ)結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Complimentary Close)(Complimentary Close)、簽名、簽名(Signature)(Signature)、附件、附件(Enclosure)(Enclosure)、副本轉(zhuǎn)送、副本轉(zhuǎn)送(Carbon Copies)(C

3、arbon Copies)、再啟、再啟(Postscript)(Postscript)等。等。 一般包括寫信人的地址和寫信日期。一些正一般包括寫信人的地址和寫信日期。一些正式信函的信頭還包括寫信人或單位的電話號(hào)式信函的信頭還包括寫信人或單位的電話號(hào)碼、傳真和郵政編碼等。西方國(guó)家中有些信碼、傳真和郵政編碼等。西方國(guó)家中有些信頭甚至還有單位負(fù)責(zé)人的姓名、職務(wù)和職稱。頭甚至還有單位負(fù)責(zé)人的姓名、職務(wù)和職稱。信頭的目的是使收信人一看便知道書信來(lái)自信頭的目的是使收信人一看便知道書信來(lái)自何處，何時(shí)發(fā)出，便于復(fù)信和查閱。何處，何時(shí)發(fā)出，便于復(fù)信和查閱。 寫信頭時(shí)，先寫發(fā)信人的地址，然后寫其他寫信頭時(shí)，先寫發(fā)

4、信人的地址，然后寫其他項(xiàng)目和發(fā)信日期。項(xiàng)目和發(fā)信日期。具體次序是具體次序是：第一行寫門：第一行寫門牌號(hào)和街名；第二行寫區(qū)名、市、省、國(guó)家牌號(hào)和街名；第二行寫區(qū)名、市、省、國(guó)家名；國(guó)家名前加上郵政編碼，國(guó)家名稱后面名；國(guó)家名前加上郵政編碼，國(guó)家名稱后面可以加上電話號(hào)碼，最后一行寫發(fā)信日期?？梢约由想娫捥?hào)碼，最后一行寫發(fā)信日期。Foreign Languages DepartmentForeign Languages DepartmentCollege of Foreign LanguagesCollege of Foreign LanguagesBeijing UniversityBeijing

5、 UniversityBeijing,100044Beijing,100044Peoples Republic of ChinaPeoples Republic of ChinaTel:86el:86ug.20,2009 (Aug.20,2009 (美式美式) )579 Qianwangang Road579 Qianwangang Road Huangdao,Qingdao,Shandong Huangdao,Qingdao,Shandong Peoples Republic of Peoples Republic of ChinaCh

6、ina 20 Aug.,2009 ( 20 Aug.,2009 (英式英式) ) 并列式并列式斜列式斜列式 信內(nèi)地址即收信人的姓名和地址，它要寫在信內(nèi)地址即收信人的姓名和地址，它要寫在信紙的左上角，低于寫信人地址和發(fā)信日期信紙的左上角，低于寫信人地址和發(fā)信日期一兩行寫。其書寫順序是，先寫收信人姓名、一兩行寫。其書寫順序是，先寫收信人姓名、頭銜和單位名稱，占一二行，然后寫地址，頭銜和單位名稱，占一二行，然后寫地址，可占二至四行?？烧级了男?。Mr.William Wood81 Fifth StreetWashington D.C. 10038U.S.A.Mr.William Wood 81 Fi

7、fth Street Washington D.C. 10038 U.S.A. 并列式并列式斜列式斜列式Junior Class 1Dept. of EducationShandong UniversityNo.579 Qianwan RoadQingdao, 266000Apr. 6, 2008信頭信頭寄信人寄信人的地址的地址和日期和日期Zhiyuan Middle School,No.579 Qianwan RoadQingdao, 266000信內(nèi)地址信內(nèi)地址收信人地址收信人地址Dear Mr. Wang,稱呼稱呼Learning from Mr. Zhou, a teacher in正

8、文正文每段開(kāi)每段開(kāi)頭右縮頭右縮進(jìn)約五進(jìn)約五個(gè)字母?jìng)€(gè)字母Sincerely yours,Li Wei結(jié)束語(yǔ)結(jié)束語(yǔ)及簽名及簽名正文下正文下一、二一、二行處行處Encl: Personal Resume 關(guān)于稱呼關(guān)于稱呼不認(rèn)識(shí)的人：不認(rèn)識(shí)的人：Dear Sir/Madam認(rèn)識(shí)但不熟悉的人：認(rèn)識(shí)但不熟悉的人：Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms./ Dr./ Prof. Smith朋友：朋友：Dear Mary關(guān)于結(jié)束語(yǔ)關(guān)于結(jié)束語(yǔ)寫給機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體或不認(rèn)識(shí)的人：寫給機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體或不認(rèn)識(shí)的人：Yours truly, Truly yours, Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely寫給

9、長(zhǎng)者或上級(jí)：寫給長(zhǎng)者或上級(jí)：Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours obediently 朋友或親戚：朋友或親戚：Yours, Ever yours, Yours ever, Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, (Much) Love, With Love, Your devoted friend信件常用稱呼和落款用法信件常用稱呼和落款用法情況稱呼落款未知收信人姓名Dear Sir(s)Dear MadamDear Sir or MadamYours FaithfullyFaithfully Yours

10、知道收信人的姓名，但關(guān)系一般Dear Mr. BushDear Ms. BushDear Dr. BushDear Prof. BushYours SincerelySincerely Yours知道收信人姓名且關(guān)系親密Dear MaryDear SmithBest regardsBest wishesLoveWith (Lots of ) Love附件附件信件若有附件，應(yīng)在左下角注明Encl.或Enc.。若多個(gè)附件，則應(yīng)寫Encls.副本轉(zhuǎn)送副本轉(zhuǎn)送信件若有副本轉(zhuǎn)送，應(yīng)在左下角注明CC.再啟再啟再啟部分用來(lái)補(bǔ)充正文中遺漏的話，一般應(yīng)盡量少用，正式的文件中更應(yīng)避免使用。如果有可用P.S.補(bǔ)敘并

11、列式并列式/齊頭式齊頭式/正排式正排式 這種格式的要領(lǐng)：每個(gè)要素都從左邊開(kāi)始排列，每一行都不向右縮進(jìn)，因而 整封信的左邊成一垂直線，右邊參差不齊，單倍行距，段與段之間要空一行。這種格式在商務(wù)英語(yǔ)信函中是目前最為流行的英文書信格式。Your NameAdressPhoneDateRe: To what this letter refersCERTIFIED MAILPERSONALRecipients NameCompany NameAddressAttention Recipients NameDear*BodySincerely,SignitureEncl: cc:信封的寫法信封的寫法Wan

12、g HaiboDepartment of EnvironmentHefei University of TechnologyHefei, 230009Anhui,China寄信人姓名地址寄件人姓名地址Dr. William Jones收件人姓名University of PittsburghPittsburgh 15213收件人地址英文書信的基本原則英文書信的基本原則 英文書信的書寫可概括為7個(gè)C原則：Completeness （完整）, Clarity（清楚）, Concreteness（具體）, Conciseness（簡(jiǎn)明）, Correctness（正確）, Courtesy（謙恭）,

13、 Consideration（諒解）。1. 完整完整 一封完整的書信，有助于建立和表達(dá)友善關(guān)系，可以避免由于疏漏所導(dǎo)致的訴訟；一封書信寫得是否完整，建議用5個(gè)W來(lái)檢驗(yàn)。例如在定貨信中，必須明確說(shuō)明：（1）需要什么商品 （What you want）；（2）何時(shí)需要（When you need the goods）；（3）貨物發(fā)到何地何人收 （to Whom and Where the goods to be sent）；（4）如何付款（How payment will be made）；（5）為什么（Why）；如拒絕對(duì)方的要求，或?qū)?duì)方提出要求時(shí)應(yīng)說(shuō)明理由2. 清楚清楚 清楚是指寫信者必須將所

14、需傳遞的信息表達(dá)清楚，以免對(duì)方產(chǎn)生誤解。例如：原句：I am writing to apply for admission to your university.改為：I am writing to apply for admission to the graduate school of your university in the spring of 2009.3. 具體具體 書信中的具體原則指信要寫得具體明確。特別是答復(fù)對(duì)方要求的信，一定要具體，如對(duì)電報(bào)、電傳的日期、號(hào)碼等要交代清楚。例如：原句：We wish to confirm our telegram yesterday.改為：W

15、e confirm our telegram of March 18.4. 簡(jiǎn)潔簡(jiǎn)潔 書信應(yīng)行文流暢、言簡(jiǎn)意賅，避免冗長(zhǎng)。例如：原句：We wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter改為：We apprciate your letter5. 正確正確 英文書信中，除了避免語(yǔ)法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤外，所引用的史料、數(shù)據(jù)等也應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。6. 謙恭謙恭 語(yǔ)言要有禮且謙虛，及時(shí)回信也是禮貌的表現(xiàn)。7. 諒解諒解 寫信時(shí)要處處從對(duì)方的角度考慮有什么需求，而不是從自身出發(fā)，語(yǔ)氣上更尊重對(duì)方。例如：原句：We wont be able to sent you our l

16、atest catelog this month.改為：We will sent you our latest catelog next monty.特殊信函（特殊信函（1） 投訴信投訴信 開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明與收信人的相關(guān)性，并標(biāo)明寫作意圖。開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明與收信人的相關(guān)性，并標(biāo)明寫作意圖。 主體段：寫明投訴的原因，要展開(kāi)說(shuō)明?？梢哉f(shuō)具主體段：寫明投訴的原因，要展開(kāi)說(shuō)明?？梢哉f(shuō)具體理由，也可以說(shuō)問(wèn)題的具體體現(xiàn)方式。此外，提體理由，也可以說(shuō)問(wèn)題的具體體現(xiàn)方式。此外，提出你對(duì)如何改進(jìn)或解決問(wèn)題的建議，清楚地表明你出你對(duì)如何改進(jìn)或解決問(wèn)題的建議，清楚地表明你希望問(wèn)題如何得到解決。希望問(wèn)題如何得到解決。 結(jié)尾段

17、：表達(dá)你希望上述問(wèn)題得到迅速解決的強(qiáng)烈結(jié)尾段：表達(dá)你希望上述問(wèn)題得到迅速解決的強(qiáng)烈愿望，并對(duì)有關(guān)人員作出的努力表示感謝，希望盡愿望，并對(duì)有關(guān)人員作出的努力表示感謝，希望盡快得到滿意的答復(fù)?？斓玫綕M意的答復(fù)。特殊信函（特殊信函（1） 投訴信投訴信Dear *, _. Now I am writing to complain about _. _. But I am completely disappointed at what I experienced there. Firstly, _. Moreover, _. Worse of all, _. I believe _. It is not

18、 properly settled, I would complain to the Consumers Association. At the same time, I sincerely hope that _. I would be glad to see _ and I look forward to a day when _. 句型：I am writing to you to complain about To improve this situation, it is advisable to take the following measure. For one thing.

19、For another, I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible. 特殊信函（特殊信函（2） 求職信求職信 開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明信息來(lái)源，并說(shuō)明寫作意圖。開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明信息來(lái)源，并說(shuō)明寫作意圖。 主體段：介紹相關(guān)工作經(jīng)歷、學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷及個(gè)人本性，主體段：介紹相關(guān)工作經(jīng)歷、學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷及個(gè)人本性，以表明你可以勝任這個(gè)職位。以表明你可以勝任這個(gè)職位。 結(jié)尾段：表示強(qiáng)烈的期盼，并希望盡快得到答復(fù)。結(jié)尾段：表示強(qiáng)烈的期盼，并希望盡快得到答復(fù)。特殊信函（特殊信函（2） 求職信求職信Dear Sir or Madam, I wish to

20、 apply for the position for _ that you advertised in _. I am a student _, and I feel that my qualifications and work experience make me a suitable candidate for the job, _. I have a fair mastery of _. As for experience, _. Therefore, I am confident that _. Incidentally, could you please inform me of

21、 _? I hope _. I can be reached at _. Thank you for considering my application again. I am looking forward to your reply and eventually, meeting you. 句型：I have read your advertisement in(刊物名)of(時(shí)間)for a secretary, and should be grateful if you consider me as a candidate for the position.I shall be pl

22、eased to furnish you with any further information concerning my education and work experience. 特殊信函（特殊信函（3） 詢問(wèn)信詢問(wèn)信 開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明寫作意圖，說(shuō)明寫這封信的目的是尋開(kāi)頭段：說(shuō)明寫作意圖，說(shuō)明寫這封信的目的是尋求什么樣的信息或幫助。求什么樣的信息或幫助。 主體段：詢問(wèn)具體問(wèn)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)所需信息的重要性。主體段：詢問(wèn)具體問(wèn)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)所需信息的重要性。 結(jié)尾段：表達(dá)獲取信息的強(qiáng)烈期盼，提供聯(lián)系方法結(jié)尾段：表達(dá)獲取信息的強(qiáng)烈期盼，提供聯(lián)系方法以供收信人與你聯(lián)系。并對(duì)有關(guān)人員表示感謝。以供收信人與你聯(lián)

23、系。并對(duì)有關(guān)人員表示感謝。特殊信函（特殊信函（3） 詢問(wèn)信詢問(wèn)信Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing in the hope that_. I am a student majoring for _, who_. I am longing to join a club or community because _. Furthermore, _. In my spare time, _. Specifically, I would like to _. If possible, I would like to _. I would be much obliged to

24、 you if _. And I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience. 句型：I would like to inquire about some information onI shall be grateful if you could have details concerningI am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience. 道歉信句型道歉信句型I must apologize to you

25、 forPlease accept my sincere apology for once more. 感謝信句型感謝信句型I am thankful to your for your unselfish assistance duringMy appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.I wish I could repay it someday.邀請(qǐng)信句型邀請(qǐng)信句型I am pleased to invite your to participate in to be held formtoinI am loo

26、king forward to your reply, and eventually seeing you.求學(xué)信句型求學(xué)信句型I wish to apply to admission to your department as a postgraduate student.It would be appreciative of you if you could send me some relevant information at your earliest convenience. 推薦信句型推薦信句型I am very glad to recommend to you a studen

27、t of mine, Mr./Miss, to be an ideal candidate for If any further information about him/her is required, please let me know.A Request for Studying AbroadDear Sir or Madam, I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to pursue my study in mathematics toward master degree in your university. My name is Wang Fri, an undergraduate student of the Department of Science, Shandong University. Next year in the summer, I will graduate and get my BS degree, I chose Princeton University because it is one of the most outstandin