中英文摘要要求及樣例1

1、中、英文摘要撰寫規(guī)范及樣例1 摘要的定義 摘要是以提供文獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容梗概為目的、不加評論和補(bǔ)充解釋、簡明確切地記述文獻(xiàn)重要內(nèi)容的短文。它用來報道作者的主要研究成果，向讀者提供論文中全部創(chuàng)新內(nèi)容和盡可能多的定量或定性的信息。摘要重點包括四要素：目的、方法、結(jié)果和結(jié)論。2 摘要的撰寫原則1) 論文摘要包括中文摘要和英文摘要。一般中文摘要200400字。中、英文摘要應(yīng)一致（意思和內(nèi)容一致，但無需逐字照譯，做到信、達(dá)、雅）。2) 文字簡明扼要，提取論文中重要內(nèi)容，不含前言、背景等細(xì)節(jié)部分，去掉舊結(jié)論、原始數(shù)據(jù)。采用第三人稱表述，不用“我們”“作者”“筆者”“本文”等做主語。3) 摘要不得簡單重復(fù)題名中已有的

2、信息；不用非公知公用的符號和術(shù)語,縮略語、縮寫詞、代號等在首次出現(xiàn)時必須加以說明；應(yīng)采用法定計量單位,正確使用語言文字和標(biāo)點符號；不使用特殊字符，也不使用圖表和數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式；不列舉例證。3 摘要的四要素1) 目的研究、研制、調(diào)查等的前提、目的和任務(wù)，所涉及的主題范圍。2) 方法所用的原理、理論、條件、對象、材料、工藝、結(jié)構(gòu)、手段、裝備、程序等。3) 結(jié)果實驗的或研究的結(jié)果、數(shù)據(jù)，被確定的關(guān)系，觀察結(jié)果，得到的效果，性能等。4) 結(jié)論結(jié)果的分析、研究、比較、評價、應(yīng)用，提出的問題，今后的課題，假設(shè)，啟發(fā)，建議，預(yù)測等。4 關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞是論文的檢索標(biāo)志，是表達(dá)文獻(xiàn)主題概念的自然語言詞匯，一般從論文的

3、題名、摘要和正文中提取。每篇論文選取38個詞作為關(guān)鍵詞，將選出的關(guān)鍵詞按照所涉及領(lǐng)域的范圍從大到小順序列出。首選主題詞（索引規(guī)范化的詞或詞組），再選自由詞（未規(guī)范化的詞或詞組）。 中、英文關(guān)鍵詞分別置于中文摘要和英文摘要之下，每個關(guān)鍵詞之間用分號隔開。5 英文摘要的寫作規(guī)范5.1 英文摘要的時態(tài)用過去時態(tài)敘述作者工作，用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)敘述結(jié)論。如："The structure of dislocation core in Gap was investigated by weak-beam electro microscope.（過去時敘述作者所做的工作） The dislocations

4、are dissociated into two Shokley partials with separations of (80+10) and (40+10) A in the pure edge and screw cases respectively. " （現(xiàn)在時敘述研究的結(jié)論）5.2 英文摘要的語態(tài)主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兼用。1) 在表達(dá)作者或有關(guān)專家的觀點時，應(yīng)用主動語態(tài)，其優(yōu)點是鮮明有力。例如：Science （科學(xué)）雜志的一例Abstract sample (Science, p 503, volume 311, issue 5760) We report the ob

5、servation of Beyond a critical polarization h, the gas separates into a The critical polarization diminishes with We measured These results are relevant to predictions 2) 能用主動語態(tài)的不用被動語態(tài)。如："A exceed B" 優(yōu)于"B is exceeded by A". 3) 用詞要客觀平實，避免主觀和傾向性色彩的詞，不宜使用perhaps, maybe, likely, poss

6、ible, probably等。5.3 英文摘要的文體風(fēng)格1) 摘要第一句話切不可與題名(Title)重復(fù)。在EI中每篇摘要記錄都是與題名連排的，只是題名用黑體排印，因此可以認(rèn)為題名便是摘要的第一句話。2) 用重要的事實開頭，盡量避免用輔助從句開頭。如：用"Power consumption of telephone switching systems was determined from data obtained experimentally", 而不用"From data obtained experimentally, power consumption

7、 of telephone switching systems was determined"。3) 摘要最好要有具體內(nèi)容，摘要中不能出現(xiàn)“圖××”、“方程××”和“參考文獻(xiàn)××”等句子。對那些已經(jīng)為大眾所熟悉的縮寫詞，如radar、laser、CAD等，可以直接使用。對于那些僅為同行所熟悉的縮略語，應(yīng)在題目、摘要或關(guān)鍵詞中至少出現(xiàn)一次全稱。4) 組織好句子，使動詞盡量靠近主語。如：不用"The decolorization in solutions of the pigment in dioxane, which

8、 were exposed to 10 h of UV irradiation, was no longer irreversible", 而用"When the pigment was dissolved in dioxane, decolorization was irreversible after 10 h of UV irradiation"。 5) 盡量采用-ing 分詞和-ed 分詞作定語，少用關(guān)系代詞 which , who 等引導(dǎo)的定語從句。6) 不使用俚語、外來語表達(dá)概念，應(yīng)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。 7) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)完整，盡量用短句子。用詞力求簡單，在表

9、達(dá)同樣意思時，盡量用短詞代替長詞，以常用詞代替生僻詞。但是當(dāng)描述方法、步驟時，應(yīng)該用狹義詞代替廣義詞。例如，英文中有不少動詞，do，run，get，take等，雖簡單常用，但其意義少則十幾個，多則幾十個，用這類詞來描述研究過程，讀者難免產(chǎn)生誤解，甚至?xí)恢?，這就要求根據(jù)具體情況，選擇意義相對明確的詞，諸如perform, achieve等，以便于讀者理解。8) 摘要敘述要簡明，邏輯性要強(qiáng)。 9) 技術(shù)術(shù)語盡量用工程領(lǐng)域的通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。10) 語言要簡練，但不得使用電報語言。 11) 文詞要淳樸無華，不用多姿多態(tài)的文學(xué)性描述手法。 12) 刪繁從簡。如：用"increase"

10、代替"has been found to increase"。 13) 摘要中涉及他人的工作或研究成果時，盡量列出他們的名字。 14) 摘要詞語拼寫，用英美拼法都可，但每篇中應(yīng)保持一致。 5.4 典型句型摘要常用句型大體可歸納為： 1) 表示研究目的，常用在摘要之首，如：In order to This paper describesThe purpose of this study is 2) 表示研究的對象與方法，如：The curative effect/sensitivity/function of certain drug/kit/organ. was obser

11、ved/detected/studied 3) 表示研究的結(jié)果，如：The result showed/It proved/The authors found that 4) 表示結(jié)論、觀點或建議，如：The authors suggest/conclude/consider that 5.5 英文題名 書寫格式每個實詞的首個字母大寫，如：Costs, Risks and Benefits in Publishing。 題名中有冠詞,介詞,連接詞，如若在題名中首字,或在冒號后副標(biāo)題首字時,首字母要大寫；介詞多于3個字母時要大寫, 如With, Between , About。 文章標(biāo)題的一些講

12、究1) 英文題名開頭第一詞不得用The, And, An和A。最好不用這些詞：Study , Investigation, and Observation of/on，An opening A and The；2) 用最少的字詞或短語表達(dá)主要信息；3) 避免縮寫，除非普遍知曉的縮寫。6 中、英文摘要樣例中、英文摘要樣例，包括文題、作者姓名、單位、所在城市（非省會城市還要標(biāo)出省名）、郵編、摘要、關(guān)鍵詞。樣例1：城市軌道交通列車運行控制系統(tǒng)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究劉宏杰，郜春海，劉 波，陳黎潔 (北京交通大學(xué)電子信息工程學(xué)院，北京 100044) 摘要：結(jié)合城市軌道交通列車運行控制系統(tǒng)（MTCS）的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以

13、及將來的技術(shù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，參考?xì)W洲列車運行控制系統(tǒng)（ETCS）和中國鐵路列車控制系統(tǒng)（CTCS）分級和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的思路，闡述MTCS分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)工作的重要性，對MTCS的分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)方式給出一定的建議。MTCS體系以車載設(shè)備為核心，通過對地面控制設(shè)備的擴(kuò)展以增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)功能，可以分為14個不同的等級。系統(tǒng)可在低等級的基礎(chǔ)上疊加設(shè)備來構(gòu)成高等級的系統(tǒng)，不同等級間的主要差別在于地-車信息傳輸?shù)姆绞胶拖到y(tǒng)自動化的程度。給出MTCS的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和各等級的概述，并對不同等級的功能進(jìn)行對比。關(guān)鍵詞：城市軌道交通；列車運行控制系統(tǒng)；分級；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）

14、01-00 -04 Study on Classification Standard for Metro Train Control System說明：英文題名的實詞首字母大寫LIU Hongjie，GAO Chunhai，LIU Bo，CHEN Lijie 說明: 作者姓和名之間用1個空格分開，姓的字母全大寫，名的首字母大寫，其余字母小寫；不同作者之間用逗號“，”隔開(School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044）說明: 作者的單位信息用括號包含，如果

15、是大學(xué)，必須先寫二級單位，再寫大學(xué)名稱，城市如果不是省會城市的，還需要給出所在省的名稱，最后給郵編。無需給出國家名稱。單位信息的英文同題名要求，實詞首字母大寫，虛詞都小寫。Abstract: Considering the current development situation and development trend of Metro Train Control System (MTCS), the importance of establishing classification standards of MTCS is introduced by referring to the

16、classification and standardization of European Train Control System and Chinese Train Control System. Proposals for the establishing methods of classification standard of MTCS were put forward. With the vehicle on-board controller as the core subsystem, through the expansion of wayside subsystem to

17、enhance the system function, MTCS can be classified into levels 1-4. Devices can be superimposed on the basis of a low level system to form a higher level system. The main difference between different levels is the way of information transmission between vehicle and wayside subsystems and the degree

18、 of system automation. The system structure of MTCS and an overview of various levels were presented, and the functions of different levels were compared.Keywords: urban rail transit; Metro Train Control System (MTCS); classification; standardization說明: 英文關(guān)鍵詞之間用英文輸入狀態(tài)下的“；”分隔。樣例2：寧波地鐵列車編組方案比選及實施陳 斌1

19、，李 英2 （1.寧波市軌道交通集團(tuán)有限公司，浙江寧波 315012；2.上海市隧道工程軌道交通設(shè)計研究院，上海 200070）摘 要：對寧波市軌道交通2號線一期工程初、近期采用4輛編組與6輛編組方案，從配屬車輛、行車間隔、牽引能耗、滿載率與擁擠度、資源共享等多個方面進(jìn)行研究比選。研究表明，初、近期高峰高斷面客流分別為1.18萬人/h、1.89萬人/h，在初、近期客流與遠(yuǎn)期客流相比較小的情況下，同等運營服務(wù)水平下4輛編組的運輸效率要優(yōu)于6輛編組，同等購車與牽引能耗費用條件下4輛編組服務(wù)水平較好，同等服務(wù)水平條件下4輛編組購車與牽引能耗費用較節(jié)?。徊捎贸跗?輛編組、近期4輛/6輛編組混合運營，至

20、遠(yuǎn)景6輛編組的轉(zhuǎn)換，均可以在客流發(fā)展變化的情況下實現(xiàn)有效過渡。關(guān)鍵詞：城市軌道交通；車輛編組；運營；車輛配置中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04 Train Composition Scheme of Ningbo Rail Transit CHEN Bin1，LI Ying2(1.Ningbo Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315012；2. Shanghai Tunnel Engineering and Rail Transit Design and Research Institute,

21、 Shanghai 200070)Abstract: Phase 1 of Ningbo rail transit Line 2 adopts 4-car train composition at the beginning and 6-car train composition recently. Comparison and selections were carried out in terms of vehicles, traffic intervals, traction energy consumption, load factors and crowded degree, res

22、ource sharing and other aspects. The passenger flow peak is 11,800 persons per hour at the beginning and 18,900 persons per hour recently. The passenger flow at the beginning and in the near future are less than that in the future; under such condition, operating under the same level of service the

23、transport efficiency of 4-car train composition is better than 6-car ones; service of 4-car train composition is better under the same number of trains bought and the same traction energy consumption. 4-car train composition is more economical for train purchase budget and energy consumption under t

24、he same level of service. 4-car train composition at present, 4/6-car train composition mixed operation in the near future and 6-car train operation in the future altogether can realize an effective transition in the changes of passenger flows.Keywords: urban rail transit; train composition; operati

25、on; carriage allocation樣例3：20022016年我國地鐵施工安全事故規(guī)律性統(tǒng)計分析李皓燃，李啟明，陸 瑩（東南大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院，南京 210096）摘 要：搜集20022016年（統(tǒng)計到3月）地鐵施工事故246起，從時間、事故類型、施工工法、發(fā)生位置、站臺形式、死傷人數(shù)等8個方面分析、描述事故發(fā)生的規(guī)律性。結(jié)果顯示，事故發(fā)生的總數(shù)呈上升趨勢，但每千米死亡人數(shù)呈下降趨勢；每年1月、5月、7月、11月，每天0:00-1:00、8:00-11:00和15:00-18:00地鐵施工事故發(fā)生較為頻繁；坍塌是地鐵施工項目中發(fā)生最頻繁的事故類型，占43%；明挖法施工數(shù)占地鐵施工事故的

26、31%；盾構(gòu)法施工數(shù)占區(qū)間工程施工事故的62%；火災(zāi)爆炸是區(qū)間工程施工中較常發(fā)生的事故，而在車站工程中發(fā)生較少。最后，結(jié)合長三角地區(qū)主要特點，從技術(shù)、管理、政策3方面有針對性地提出對策和建議。關(guān)鍵詞：地鐵建設(shè)；施工事故；統(tǒng)計分析；規(guī)律性；長三角中圖分類號：U231；F530.7 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Statistical Analysis on Regularity of Subway Construction Accidents from 2002 to 2016 in ChinaLI Haoran，LI Qiming，LU Ying (S

27、chool of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096)Abstract: The data of subway construction accidents in China from 2002 to March, 2016 are presented in order to analyze the regularity of these accidents from the perspective of years, months, hours, accident types, construction method

28、s, locations, numbers deaths and so on. The results show that the total number of accidents is on the rise, but deaths per kilometer gradually decline. Most construction accidents occurred frequently in January, May, July and November every year and during 0:00-1:00, 8:00-11:00 and 15:00-18:00 every

29、 day. Collapse is the most common accident type, occupies 43%; Open cut method accounts for 31% of subway construction accidents, and shield method 62% of section construction. Fire and explosion often took place during section constructions while seldom happened during station constructions. Finall

30、y, according to the regularity, some countermeasures and the suggestions of subway construction safety are put forward considering the characteristics of Yangtze River Delta region from the three aspects of technology, management and policy.Keywords: subway construction; construction accidents; stat

31、istical analysis; regularity; Yangtze River Delta樣例4：盾構(gòu)下穿城際客運專線引起變形的數(shù)值分析徐會杰，彭 華，徐希磊（北京交通大學(xué)土木建筑工程學(xué)院，北京 100044）摘 要：天市地鐵3號線解放橋站天津站站盾構(gòu)區(qū)間穿越京津城際客運專線，為我國首例已實施的盾構(gòu)穿越高速鐵路路基段工程。通過使用ANSYS軟件，建立地層-結(jié)構(gòu)三維實體模型，模擬盾構(gòu)穿越客運專線的過程，分析盾構(gòu)穿越期間軌道沉降及橫移變形規(guī)律，將數(shù)值分析與實際測試結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析，表明在無軌道加固、車輛限速措施的條件下，采用嚴(yán)格控制施工參數(shù)的措施可以保證高速鐵路的正常運營。關(guān)鍵詞：軌道交通

32、；客運專線；盾構(gòu)；沉降：數(shù)值模擬中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Numerical Analysis of Ground Deformations Caused by Shield Tunneling Under-crossing Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Passenger Dedicated RailwayXU Huijie，PENG Hua，XU Xilei(School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044

33、)Abstract: Shield tunneling between Jiefangqiao station and Tianjin subway station of Tianjin subway Line 3 under-crosses a high-speed railway. Finite element software ANSYS was used to build the three-dimensional model of soil and structure to simulate the construction process of this project and t

34、hen to analyze the regularity of track settlements and lateral deformations during construction. The results of numerical simulation were compared with the in-situ measured data which demonstrated that without track reinforcement measures and train deceleration measures, strict control of constructi

35、on parameters could ensure the safe operation of the railway.Keywords: urban rail transit; passenger-dedicated railway line; shield; settlement; numerical simulation樣例5：都市圈背景下的深圳軌道交通發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究張曉春，宋家驊，邵 源，楊宇星（深圳市城市交通規(guī)劃設(shè)計研究中心有限公司，廣東深圳 518040）摘 要：國際大都市圈在發(fā)展過程中，都結(jié)合空間結(jié)構(gòu)和交通需求變化，制定相應(yīng)的交通發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。港深莞惠地區(qū)已經(jīng)初步

36、具備建設(shè)世界級都市圈的條件，需要根據(jù)空間發(fā)展態(tài)勢，提早研究交通發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。首先，從空間結(jié)構(gòu)上解析其港深莞惠都市圈雙核雙通勤圈的結(jié)構(gòu)特征；其次，通過分析未來都市圈人口崗位的變化，研判關(guān)鍵地區(qū)和走廊的高峰期通勤交通壓力；最后，研究提出深圳軌道交通一體化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略以及基于都市圈空間結(jié)構(gòu)重構(gòu)軌道網(wǎng)絡(luò)的策略性建議。關(guān)鍵詞：軌道交通；都市圈；空間結(jié)構(gòu)；通勤圈；發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Study on the Rail Transit Development Strategy of Shenzhen City Under the Ba

37、ckground of Metropolitan RegionZHANG Xiaochun，SONG Jiahua，SHAO Yuan，YANG Yuxing(Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit Planning and Design Center Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518040)Abstract: In the forming process of international metropolitan regions, transport development strategies were formulated in combination wi

38、th the variance of spacial structure and traffic demand. The area of Honkong-Shenzhen-Dongguan-Huizhou (HSDH) has primarily possessed the conditions to build a world metropolitan region and it is necessary to study on transport development strategy according to the urban spacial development tendency

39、 at its early stage. This paper firstly analyzed the structural characteristics of HSDH metropolitan region, which has two cores and two commuting circles. Secondly, it studied and predicted the future commuting traffic pressure of critical areas and aisles based on the forecast of population and em

40、ployment. Finally, the paper presented an integrated rail transit development strategy. Strategic suggestions were also put forward including rebuilding the rail network according to the spacial structure of HSDH metropolitan region.Keywords: rail transit; metropolitan region; spacial structure; com

41、muter circle; development strategy樣例6：城市軌道交通線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃修編的前期研究鄭明遠(yuǎn)1，張乃基2，梁青槐1（1.北京交通大學(xué)城市軌道交通研究中心，北京 100044；2.重慶市軌道交通集團(tuán)有限公司，重慶 400042）摘 要：從目前城市軌道交通線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃不斷調(diào)整的趨勢出發(fā)，說明在線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃中對前期戰(zhàn)略性研究存在不足。結(jié)合重慶市軌道交通發(fā)展綱要（20112020）的編制，探討線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃修編的前期研究的作用、內(nèi)容和研究方法，指出：前期研究是指導(dǎo)調(diào)整線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃和建設(shè)規(guī)劃的綱領(lǐng)性文件，需要在“目標(biāo)-實施一體化”的框架內(nèi)，重點探討軌道交通線網(wǎng)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)、戰(zhàn)略途徑、重大行動和保障體

42、系；應(yīng)采取“系統(tǒng)分析+意愿分析”論證軌道交通的發(fā)展目標(biāo)，以多元化的效率目標(biāo)來綜合審視線網(wǎng)規(guī)模，以“兩個一體化”（軌道交通與城市空間一體化、軌道交通與其他交通方式一體化）來統(tǒng)籌線網(wǎng)形態(tài)布局。關(guān)鍵詞：城市軌道交通；線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃；修編；前期研究中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Early-Stage Study on Urban Rail Transit Network Planning Revision ZHENG Mingyuan1，ZHANG Naiji2，LIANG Qinghuai1(1. Urban Rail Transit Res

43、earch Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044; 2. Chongqing Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400042)Abstract：The current tendency of continuous adjustment of urban rail transit network planning indicates that some problems existed in the earlier-stage strategic study of network pl

44、anning. Considering the revision of “Chongqing Rail Transit Development Outline (2011-2020)”, the role, contents and research methods were discussed for the early-stage study on network planning revision. It has been shown that early-stage study is a guideline for the adjustment of network planning

45、and construction plan. The development objectives, strategic approaches, major actions and security system of urban rail networks should be implemented under the framework of “integrating the target with implementation”. The “system analysis plus wish analysis” method should be adopted to verify the

46、 rail transit development targets. A wide range of efficiency targets should be used to examine transit network scales in an all round way. The layout of the urban transit network should be based on the integration of rail with other traffic modes as well as the integration of rail transit with urba

47、n space. Keywords：Urban rail transit; network planning; revision; early-stage study樣例7：前進(jìn)式深孔注漿堵水技術(shù)初探羅富榮1，江華2,3，江玉生3 （1.北京市軌道交通建設(shè)管理有限公司，北京 100037；2.北京城建集團(tuán)有限責(zé)任公司，北京 100085；3.中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）力學(xué)與建筑工程學(xué)院，北京 100083）摘 要：基于地下水對北京地鐵工程施工的影響，分析北京地鐵現(xiàn)有施工堵水技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點，提出采用前進(jìn)式深孔注漿堵水技術(shù)進(jìn)行地鐵車站堵水。以北京地鐵6號線常營站為背景，根據(jù)車站施工場區(qū)工程地質(zhì)與水文地質(zhì)條

48、件，部署詳細(xì)的前進(jìn)式注漿堵水專項方案和效果檢驗方案，進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場注漿堵水試驗研究。研究結(jié)果表明：該技術(shù)在車站堵水試驗中取得了較好的效果，基本能滿足車站施工掌子面不帶水作用的要求，值得推廣。同時，為北京地鐵車站施工提出一種新的堵水加固方法。關(guān)鍵詞：北京地鐵；前進(jìn)式深孔注漿；堵水；現(xiàn)場試驗 中圖分類號：U231 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Discussion on Advance Deep-Hole Grouting Techniques for Water Proofing of Metro Station ProjectLUO Furong1，JIAN

49、G Hua2,3，JIANG Yusheng3 (1. Beijing MTR Construction Administration Corporation, Beijing 100037; 2. Beijing Urban Construction Group, Beijing 100085; 3. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining &Technology, Beijing 100083)Abstract: Considering the influence of underg

50、round water on Beijing metro construction, the technique of advance deep hole grouting was adopted for water proofing after analyzing the merits and weaknesses of existing water proofing technologies used in subway station construction. Taking Changying Station on Beijing metro Line 6 as the enginee

51、ring background and considering its geological and hydrogeological conditions, detailed advance deep hole grouting scheme and inspection schemes were deployed, and a lot of researches have been carried out at the site of field test. It is concluded that advance deep hole grouting technology is more

52、effective than the existing water proofing methods used in subway station construction, that it can meet the requirement that excavation face of the station is out of water, and that it offered a new water- proofing technique and can be taken for reference by similar projects.Keywords: Beijing metro

53、; advance deep hole grouting; water proofing; field test樣例8：地鐵車站消火栓系統(tǒng)控制模式優(yōu)化尉銘強(qiáng)，黃云峰（北京城建設(shè)計發(fā)展集團(tuán)股份有限公司，北京 100037）摘 要：闡述地鐵車站消火栓系統(tǒng)的控制模式，分析消火栓系統(tǒng)的操作模式，對手動啟泵控制模式和自動啟泵控制模式進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析，從啟動時間、運營管理、經(jīng)濟(jì)性等方面進(jìn)行對比，得出手動控制模式在啟動時間上具有優(yōu)勢，但存在人為誤操作的可能，自動控制模式比手動操作模式增加了壓力開關(guān)（流量開關(guān)）控制系統(tǒng)，投資會有所增加。優(yōu)化兩種控制模式，在設(shè)計手動啟泵控制模式時增加自動巡檢或其他線路故障報警功能，

54、在設(shè)計自動啟泵控制模式時，增設(shè)低流量或者低壓力報警的流量開關(guān)或者壓力開關(guān)，在消火栓系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)小流量泄漏時，能及時報警，及時維修，避免消防泵在非消防狀態(tài)下的錯誤啟動。關(guān)鍵詞：地鐵車站；消火栓系統(tǒng)；控制模式；優(yōu)化中圖分類號 U231；F530.7 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼 A文章編號 1672-6073（2017）01-00 -04Optimization of Control Modes of Fire Hydrant System in Subway StationYU Mingqiang, HUANG Yunfeng (Beijing Urban Construction Design & Deve

55、lopment Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100037)Abstract: The control mode of fire hydrant system in subway station is elaborated and the operation mode of fire hydrant system is analyzed. The manual control mode and the automatic pump control mode are analyzed in detail. Judging from the perspective of sta

56、rting time, operation management and economic performance, we come to the conclusion that manual control mode has an advantage in starting time, but there are the possibilities of human errors. The automatic control mode increases the pressure switch (flow switch) control system; therefore, the inve

57、stment will be increased. Optimization of the two control modes is also discussed. In the design of manual pump control mode, the automatic inspection should be increased or alarm function for other lines should be added. In the design of automatic pump control mode, the addition of low flow or low

58、pressure alarm flow switch or pressure switch in the fire hydrant system is necessary. When small leakage happens, the system is supposed to alarm and get repaired in time, avoiding the fire pump mistakenly started in the non-fire state.Keywords: subway station; fire hydrant system; control model; optimization樣例8：城市軌道交通直流自耦變壓器牽引供電系統(tǒng)鄭瓊林，楊曉峰，游小杰(北京交通大學(xué)電氣工程學(xué)院，北京 100044)摘 要：現(xiàn)有城市軌道交通直流牽引供電系統(tǒng)普遍采用走行軌回流，存在危害性很大的長時間迷流，且防不勝防。提出一種新的直流牽引供電系統(tǒng)，即直流自耦變壓器(DCAT)牽引供電系統(tǒng)，能很好地解決軌道電位和迷流問題。以傳統(tǒng)的直流牽引供電系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)，增加由電力電子開關(guān)和直流電容器構(gòu)成的DCAT及回流線，構(gòu)成DCAT牽引供電系統(tǒng)。分析表明，DCAT牽引