初中英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

1、“狀元堂”教師統(tǒng)一備課紙教師科目時(shí)間2009年 月 日學(xué)生年級(jí)學(xué)校課題所屬：目標(biāo)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1形容詞的比較級(jí)2形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)3456知識(shí)類別考 點(diǎn)重 點(diǎn)難 點(diǎn)學(xué)生個(gè)性化分析薄弱環(huán)節(jié)原因分析解決方案針對(duì)此學(xué)生的教學(xué)操作過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)（重點(diǎn)寫教法及學(xué)法；含課練、作業(yè)方向目的，具體內(nèi)容另附）知識(shí)點(diǎn)分析教法詳述學(xué)法指導(dǎo) 一. 形容詞的比較級(jí) （一）用法：用于兩者（人或物）之間，表示“其中一個(gè)比另一個(gè)更”或“較”，后面通常用連詞than連結(jié)另一個(gè)比較的對(duì)象，其基本句型是：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（系動(dòng)詞）形容詞比較級(jí)than對(duì)比對(duì)象。ex. Jim is taller than Mike. Mike is shor

2、ter than Jim. Its hotter today than it was yesterday.  （二）. 構(gòu)成：比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。1.規(guī)則變化：A. 單音節(jié)詞尾er：cold colder, talltaller, short shorter,   small smaller, long longer, old older（舊的B. 單音節(jié)詞以e結(jié)尾的，只加r：large larger, finefiner, nice nicer. C. 以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，要雙寫詞尾加er：  bigbigger,

3、thinthinner, hothotter, wetwetterD. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞變比較級(jí)時(shí)，先變y為i，再加er：  earlyearlier, busybusier, easyeasier, heavyheavier,  dry drier, sunnysunnier, happyhappier. E. 多音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞變比較級(jí)時(shí)，在前面加more:   friendly more friendly, carefulmore careful, outgoing more outgoing   interestin

4、g more interesting, difficultmore difficult 6. 部分雙音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)有兩種變化方式：                       2.不規(guī)則變化good /well better, bad/illworse, many/muchmore,oldolder/elder, farfarther/further, littleless （

5、三） 原級(jí)和比較級(jí)前面通常使用的修飾詞：在原級(jí)前面通常使用very, quite, too, much too, a little, as, so 等。  ex: 1. The room is very big. 2. The person is quite clever. 3. Today is too hot. 4. He eats too much, so hes much too heavy. 5. Im a little hungry, Id like something to eat. 6. Jim is as tall as Tom. 7. Your English i

6、s so good.  在比較級(jí)前面使用的修飾詞有：even（更，更加），a little（有點(diǎn)），far/ much/ a lot （更加，的多）ex: 1. Yesterday was hot, but today is even hotter. 2. Im a little taller than Mary. 3. This skirt is far/ much/ a lot more beautiful than that one.  （四）. 使用比較級(jí)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題（錯(cuò)題分析）1. Your hair is longer than me. 2. The weat

7、her in Beijing is colder than Guangzhou. 3. Picking apples is much better than have class. 4. Jim is younger than any student in his class. 5. The Changjiang River is longer than all the rivers in China. 6. Jim from Class 1 is taller than any other student in Class 2. 7. Lucy is more outgoing than a

8、nyone in her class. 8. Of the two boys, Mike is more interesting. 9. Who is more beautiful of the twins? 10. Who is busier of your parents? 11. Which is good, this one or that one? 12. Im good at English than my sister. 13. The busier he is, happier he feels. 14. The more careful you are, the good g

9、rades you get. 15. The city becomes more beautiful and more beautiful. 16. The weather is getting cold and colder. 17. Her older brother is a worker. 18. Bob is elder than Bill. 19. Science isnt as more interesting as art. 20. The question is much too harder. 二形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)（一）最高級(jí)表示三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用最高級(jí)

10、。形容詞的最高級(jí)前面要加定冠詞the，副詞最高級(jí)前面的the可以省略。在含有最高級(jí)的句子中，常有一個(gè)in/of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示比較范圍。如：in my class, in China, of the students, of all, of the three等。 （二）最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則：同前面我們學(xué)的比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本相同，最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則也分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。規(guī)則變化就是在詞尾加est。1. clean, small, long, hard2. heavy, dirty, healthy, happy3. big, thin, fat, hot4. late, nice,

11、large多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)單詞構(gòu)成最高級(jí)時(shí)，在前面加most：difficult, interesting, beautiful; slowly, quickly, friendly, easily;特殊變化：goodbetterbest; bad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremost; littlelessleast;  （三）最高級(jí)的用法1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或事物比較時(shí)用最高級(jí)：He is         (strong) of the three.Sha

12、nghai is         (big) city in China.Mike did         (badly) in this test.Who speaks English        (well) in your class?2. 表示三者或三者以上的人或事物進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)，用which/who is +the+形容詞的最高級(jí)，+A、B、or C？

13、60;          is the         (interesting) subject, math, art or English?        is         (fat), Jim, Tom or Jack?    &

14、#160;    sings          (well), Mary, Kate or Lucy?3. be + one of the +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“最的之一”。ex:West Lake is one of         (beautiful) places in China.Mike is one of       &

15、#160;    (tall) students in our school.4. be + the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+范圍，表示“是第幾個(gè)的”。ex:The Yellow River is the second        (long) in China.I think English is the most interesting subject. And math is the second       (in

16、teresting ) one.5. be + the +最高級(jí)+人或物+定語(yǔ)從句（that +主語(yǔ)+have/has +ever+過(guò)去分詞）This is         (beautiful) city that I have ever visited.Its        (good) news that I have ever heards today.Its       (ta

17、ll) person that I have ever seen. （四）原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法比較1. Does John draw          (well) than Jack?No, Jack draws as        (good) as John.2. Who studies        (hard), Tom, Mary or L

18、ucy?Tom studies         than Mary, and Lucy studies       of all.3. Today is very        , but yesterday is even          .(cold)4. Bill runs faster t

19、han any other student in his class.（同義句）=Bill runs             in his class.=Nobody runs                          B

20、ill in his class.5. Of the two shirts, Alan bought            (cheap) one.6. Of all the movies I have seen, I like this one       . Its not funny at all.A. least         

21、         B. most                 C. worst                D. best7. Please write     &

22、#160;  and try not to make any mistakes.A. as careful as possible                      B. most carefulC. more carefully           

23、                    D. as carefully as you can （五）鞏固訓(xùn)練一）填空：1. English is one of        (important) subjects in our school.2. Of all the students, John does his homew

24、ork          (careful).3. You speak English much           (well) than before.4.            (hard) you work,        

25、;   (good) grades youll get.5. Hes            (funny) person that I have seen.6. Whos the third          (heavy) in your class? 二）單項(xiàng)選擇：1. Which country has the    &#

26、160;    population, Japan, India or China?Japan, of course.A. smallest             B. largest        C. most             

27、;    D. least2. Of all the sports shoes, John bought        pair. Then he had some money for socks.A. a cheaper                       &

28、#160;       B. the least expensive            C. the most expensive                  D. the best3. You are getting   

29、60;     .A. more and more careful             B. more and more carefullyC. the most careful                    

30、0; D. the most carefully4. I think Im       enough to go to school.A. good                 B. well           C. better   

31、0;            D. best5. Better          than never.A. late                   B. the later         &#