GRE數(shù)學(xué)詞匯匯編

1、GRE數(shù)學(xué)詞匯匯編代數(shù)部分 1.有關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算add，plus加subtract減difference差multiply,times乘product積divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除數(shù)，紅利divisor因子，除數(shù)quotient商remainder余數(shù)factorial階乘power乘方radical sign, root sign根號(hào)round to四舍五入to the nearest四舍五入2.有關(guān)集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式algebraic te

2、rm代數(shù)項(xiàng)like terms, similar terms同類項(xiàng)numerical coefficient數(shù)字系數(shù) literal coefficient字母系數(shù)inequality不等式 triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程，等價(jià)方程4. 有關(guān)分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)proper fraction真分?jǐn)?shù)improper fraction假分?jǐn)?shù)mixed number帶分?jǐn)?shù)vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分?jǐn)?shù)simple fraction簡(jiǎn)分?jǐn)?shù)complex f

3、raction繁分?jǐn)?shù)numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction純小數(shù)infinite decimal無(wú)窮小數(shù)recurring decimal循環(huán)小數(shù)tenths unit十分位5. 基本數(shù)學(xué)概念 arithmetic mean算術(shù)平均值weighted average加權(quán)平均值geometric mean幾何平均數(shù)exponent指數(shù)，冪base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊cube立方數(shù)，立方體square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用

4、對(duì)數(shù)digit數(shù)字constant常數(shù)variable變量inverse function反函數(shù)complementary function余函數(shù)linear一次的，線性的factorization因式分解absolute value絕對(duì)值，e.g.-32=32round off四舍五入6. 有關(guān)數(shù)論natural number自然數(shù)positive number正數(shù)negative number負(fù)數(shù)odd integer, odd number 奇數(shù)even integer, even number偶數(shù)integer, whole number整數(shù)positive whole number正

5、整數(shù)negative whole number負(fù)整數(shù)consecutive number連續(xù)整數(shù)real number, rational number實(shí)數(shù),有理數(shù)irrational(number)無(wú)理數(shù)inverse倒數(shù)reciprocal倒數(shù)common divisor公約數(shù)multiple倍數(shù)(least)common multiple(最小)公倍數(shù)(prime)factor(質(zhì))因子common factor公因子ordinary scale, decimal scale十進(jìn)制nonnegative非負(fù)的tens十位units個(gè)位mode眾數(shù)median中數(shù)common ratio公

6、比7. 數(shù)列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差數(shù)列g(shù)eometric progression(sequence)等比數(shù)列8. 其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)順時(shí)針?lè)较騝ardinal基數(shù)ordinal序數(shù)direct proportion正比distinct不同的estimation估計(jì)，近似parentheses括號(hào)proportion比例permutation排列combination組合table表格trigonometric function三角函數(shù)unit單位,位幾何部分 1. 所有的角alternate angl

7、e內(nèi)錯(cuò)角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle對(duì)頂角central angle 圓心角interior angle內(nèi)角exterior angle外角supplementary angles補(bǔ)角complementary angle余角adjacent angle鄰角acute angle銳角obtuse angle鈍角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夾角2. 所有的三角形equilateral triangle等邊三角形scalene triangle不等邊三角形isoscele

8、s triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle內(nèi)接三角形3. 有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外semicircle半圓concentric circles同心圓quadrilateral四邊形pentagon五邊形hexagon六邊形heptagon 七邊形octagon八邊形nonagon九邊形decagon十邊形polygon多邊形parallelogram平行四邊形equilateral等邊形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle長(zhǎng)方形regular polygon正多邊形rhombus菱形t

9、rapezoid梯形4. 其它平面圖形arc弧line, straight line直線line segment線段parallel lines平行線segment of a circle弧形5. 有關(guān)立體圖形 cube立方體，立方數(shù)rectangular solid長(zhǎng)方體regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面體circular cylinder圓柱體cone圓錐sphere球體solid立體的6. 有關(guān)圖形上的附屬物altitude高depth深度side邊長(zhǎng)circumference, perimeter周長(zhǎng)radian弧度surface area 表面積v

10、olume體積arm直角三角形的股cross section橫截面center of a circle圓心chord弦radius半徑angle bisector角平分線diagonal對(duì)角線diameter直徑edge棱face of a solid立體的面hypotenuse斜邊included side夾邊leg三角形的直角邊median of a triangle三角形的中線opposite直角三角形中的對(duì)邊midpoint中點(diǎn)endpoint端點(diǎn)vertex(復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices)頂點(diǎn)tangent切線的transversal截線intercept截距7. 有關(guān)坐標(biāo)coordin

11、ate system坐標(biāo)系rectangular coordinate直角坐標(biāo)系origin原點(diǎn)abscissa橫坐標(biāo)ordinate縱坐標(biāo)numberline數(shù)軸quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane復(fù)平面8. 其它plane geometry平面幾何trigonometry三角學(xué)bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe內(nèi)切intersect相交perpendicular垂直P(pán)ythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多邊的其它 1. 單位類cent美分penny一美分硬幣nickel5美分硬幣dim

12、e一角硬幣dozen打(12個(gè))score廿(20個(gè))Centigrade攝氏Fahrenheit華氏quart夸脫gallon加侖(1gallon=4quart)yard碼meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量單位，60分=1度)square measure平方單位制cubic meter立方米pint品脫(干量或液量的單位)2. 有關(guān)文字?jǐn)⑹鲱}，主要是有關(guān)商業(yè)intercalary year(leapyear)閏年(366天)common year平年(365天)depreciation折舊down payment直接付款discount打折margin利潤(rùn)p