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1、 名詞大闖關(guān) 姓名: 日期: 第一講:名詞的分類一. 名詞的意義和種類 1.名詞意義: 表示人、事物或抽象概念的詞。如:Shanghai, Lilei, desk 2.名詞的種類: A.專有名詞:表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如:Jim, June, China, Harbin. 注意:(1)第一個字母要大寫;(2)專有名詞前不加冠詞,也沒有復(fù)數(shù)。B.普通名詞:表示某人或者某事物的名稱。(1)個體名詞:表單個的人或者事物。如:boy, teacher, apple(2)集體名詞:表一群人或一些事物的總稱。 如:family, people, police, class (3)物質(zhì)名詞:表無法分

2、為個體的物質(zhì)。如:water, money, sea (4)抽象名詞:表抽象概念的詞。如:health, friendship第二講:名詞的數(shù) A.可數(shù)名詞(個體名詞和集體名詞):有單復(fù)數(shù)之分1.規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成讀音例詞一般的詞s 濁輔音z清輔音s day-days desk-desks 以s, sh, ch, x結(jié)尾esizmatch-matches boss-bosses以輔音y結(jié)尾改y為ieszbaby-babies fly-flies以f/fe結(jié)尾改f為veszwife-wives leaf-leaves 以o結(jié)尾es zNegro(黑人), hero(英雄), potato,toma

3、to,mango(芒果) s z 除了以上六個以o結(jié)尾的單詞,其他以o結(jié)尾的加s批注1:o結(jié)尾的名詞順口溜 1)黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)從火山(volcano)上走過,烤熟了帶著的 西紅柿(tomato)、土豆(potato)和芒果(mango)。 或:黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿,外加一個大芒果。 2)其余以o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時均加s。 2. 不規(guī)則變化(1) 常見的有:a-e man-men, fisherman-fishermen, woman-women oo-ee foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth mouse-mice(老鼠), child-

4、children, ox-oxen(公牛) (2) 單復(fù)數(shù)同型: deer fish sheep 批注:fish作魚肉講時不可數(shù),沒有復(fù)數(shù)。 fishes指各種不同種類魚或指幾條魚。 如:Help yourself to some fish.(魚肉) How many fishes are there in the river? (魚的種類) (3)表示“某國人”的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化如下:(中日不變) a Chinese-two Chinese; a Japanese- four Japanese(英法變) an Englishman- eight Englishmen; an Frenchman

5、-nine Frenchmen (其他S加后面) a German-five Germans; a Australian-two Australians (4)有些名詞通常只有復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動詞也用復(fù)數(shù),這些名詞有:glasses, clothes, trousers, 如果想表達(dá)數(shù)量時,需要用量詞。 如:a pair of shoes/glasses , three pairs of shoes/glasses The shoes are too big. This pair of shoes is too big. These pairs of shoes are too big.(5)姓

6、氏是專有名詞,姓氏后面加-s,表示“一家”。 the Blacks布萊克一家 the Whites懷特一家 B.不可數(shù)名詞(物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞)一般用單數(shù)形式。 1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)它作句子的主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 如:The food is very fresh.食品很新鮮。 2. 不可數(shù)名詞需要用數(shù)量來表示時,遵循以下結(jié)構(gòu):數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞,如:a cup of coffee three cups of coffee 類似的短語有:a bowl of noodles(一碗面) a piece of paper(一張紙) a packet of sweets(一包

7、糖)a box of apples(一箱蘋果) a pair of shoes(一雙鞋) a bottle of milk(一瓶牛奶) a glass of water(一杯水) 三.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則 例:一個男醫(yī)生a man doctor-四個男醫(yī)生four men doctors 一個女老師a woman doctor-女老師們women teachers 一個女學(xué)生a girl student-三個女學(xué)生three girl students 一個男朋友a boy friend-很多男朋友many boy friends 批注口訣:男人女人都得變,男孩女孩變后面。 pencil-b

8、oxpencil-boxes鉛筆盒 book shopbook shops名詞的數(shù)大闖關(guān): 姓名: 分?jǐn)?shù): 一圈出下列單詞中的不可數(shù)名詞。(題目數(shù): 錯數(shù): ) peach milk water zoo sister coffee knife time tea orange meat jeep car teacher bread ear cola watermelon rice orange juice love money 二給出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): )1.watch_ 2.class_ 3.shelf_4.dog_ 5.dish_ 6.child_7.nurse_ 8.

9、desk_ 9.boy_10.baby_ 11.tooth_ 12.eye_13.sheep_ 14.tomato_ 15.Chinese_16.goose_ 17.photo_ 18.Frenchman_19.box 20.mango 21.wife 22.fish 23.deer 24.Swiss 25.hero 26.negro 27.potato 28.mice 29.ox 30.German 三用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): )1. How many (sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some (food) in th

10、e basket.3. The baby has only two (tooth) now.4. There is a lot of (water) in the bottle.5. There are five (people ) in his family.6. Lets take (photo), OK? 7. I have lots of (tomato) here.8. The (leaf) on the tree turn yellow.9. The (child) are playing games on the playground now.10. Their (diction

11、ary) look new.11. I see you have a few white (hair).12. They are (woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of (orange), please?14. There are many (fox) in the picture.15. I would like some apple (juice). I am very thirsty.16.I have two (knife) and three_ (watch).17.Peter has eight _ (foot).18

12、.I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen.19.I have a lot of_(toy) in my bedroom.20.Chinese_(people) like to eat noodles.四翻譯。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): ) 1.Pat夫婦 2.一些水 3.許多人 4.三個小孩 5.一個蘋果 6.三天 7.一只胖老鼠,四只瘦老鼠 8.一只狗,三只羊,五條魚 9.一個男醫(yī)生,三個女醫(yī)生 10.一個男朋友,三個女朋友 11.一片面包 12.一箱蘋果 13.一雙鞋 14.一杯果汁 15.一杯茶 16.兩條新聞 17.八碗面條 18.三張紙 1

13、9.一包薯條 20.一瓶牛奶 五用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞填空。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): ) 1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.

14、 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14. Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea

15、 _ in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisters name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle?

16、28. There _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China.第三講:名詞的所有格 A. 有生命的名詞所有格: 名詞s 例:Toms sister;Childrens Day;Womens Day 以s結(jié)尾 例:教師辦公室teachers office Teachers DayB. 無生命的名詞所有格:一般用of短語構(gòu)成詞組, 例:房間的門 the door of the roomC. 省

17、略s后的名詞時,常代指“家、工作場所”,例:在診所at the doctors, 在外婆家at my grandmothers,at the Greens 在格林家 批注:the Greens 格林一家人D. 共有的格,后面名詞s: Joan和Jane的房間(共一間)Joan and Janes room is beautiful. 各有的格,每個名詞s: Joan和Jane的房間(每人一間)Joans and Janes rooms are beautiful.名詞的所有格大闖關(guān): 一漢譯英。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): ) 1.Lucy的汽車 2.我的朋友 3他們的書 4.她的朋友 5.桌子的腿

18、6.房間的門 7.Lily的朋友 8.教師節(jié) 9.婦女節(jié) 10.兒童節(jié) 11.Tom和Tim的房間(共有) 12.Lucy和Lily的老師(不共用) 2 單項選擇。(題目數(shù): 錯誤數(shù): ) ( )1This is _ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A.Lucys and Lilys B.Lucys and Lily C.Lucy and Lilys ( )2_ mothers made them have piano lessons. A. Peter and Anne B. Peters and Annes C. Peters and Anne D. Peter and Annes( )3The room on the right is _. A. her B. she C. Lucys D. Lucy ( )4_ desk is the cleanest in the classroom. A. Anns and Tom B. Ann and Toms C. Ann and Tom D. Anns and Toms( )5Wheres your father ? At _. A. Mr Greens B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Greens( )6

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