初中英語動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)習(xí)課件-1

1、RevisionThe infinitive動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式 定義：不定式的構(gòu)成是定義：不定式的構(gòu)成是to+to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)然，當(dāng)然toto有有時(shí)也可以省略時(shí)也可以省略。動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變。動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，化，可以擔(dān)當(dāng)除謂語外的任何句子成分?？梢該?dān)當(dāng)除謂語外的任何句子成分。構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：to + do(動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形)用法：用法：1、用作賓語用作賓語 (v. + to do )e.g: I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you. I foun

2、d it difficult to fall asleep.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。 need to do learn to doagree to do stop to doplan to do decide to do go on to do try to do begin to do start to do refuse to do like to doforget to do remember to do2. 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語：用作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(v. + sb. + to do )She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to co

3、me on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write. want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do一感:feel 三讓 let make have 二聽 listen to hear四看 watch see look at notice賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶to 的情況的情況：Let me do it.I saw him cross the stre

4、et.比較：比較：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.3. 用作狀語用作狀語(adverbial)：He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book.The boy was too frightened to move.(目的)(目的)(目的)（結(jié)果）（結(jié)果） It與不定式：動(dòng)詞不定式可以做主語，但如果與不定式：動(dòng)詞不定式可以做

5、主語，但如果動(dòng)詞不定式太長，顯得動(dòng)詞不定式太長，顯得頭重腳輕頭重腳輕的，那么我們的，那么我們就就可用形式主語可用形式主語it代替代替，而把真正主語，而把真正主語(即不定即不定式式)放于句尾。放于句尾。 e.g: It is not difficult for me to study English well. 對我來說學(xué)好英語不難。對我來說學(xué)好英語不難。4.4.用作主語用作主語1. To go abroad is his dream.2. To say is easy, to do is difficult.（不定式作主語時(shí)可將其用形式主語（不定式作主語時(shí)可將其用形式主語it來替換）來替換）I

6、t is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.5.用作表語用作表語His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the patients.My dream is to be a scientist.6.用作定語用作定語Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

7、。若是不及物動(dòng)詞，若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞介詞不能省略不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is hard enough to skate on.He bought a toy to play with.7.疑問詞疑問詞who, what, which, where, when, how加加to do可構(gòu)成可構(gòu)成不定式短語不定式短語，在句中可用作主語、，在句中可用作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。When to start has not been decid

8、ed.I dont know what to do.He can tell you where to get the book.The question is who(m) to ask.(主語主語)(賓語賓語)(賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ))(表語表語)I dont know how to use a computer.(賓語賓語)注意：注意：在與在與whywhy連用時(shí)，只用于連用時(shí)，只用于whywhy或或why notwhy not開頭開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶帶toto。 Why not have a rest?Why not have a rest?

9、too.to 太太 . 以致于不能以致于不能.enough to 足以足以.The box is too heavy for me to lift.這個(gè)箱子太沉了，我提不動(dòng)。He is old enough to go to school.他到上學(xué)的年齡了。 特殊用法特殊用法1、would rather，had better后。后。e g: You had better stay at home.2、Why. / Why not.后。后。e.g：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 為為什么星期天不好好休息一下呢什么星期天不好好休息一下呢? 3 3、使役動(dòng)詞使

10、役動(dòng)詞 let, have, make 等后接不定等后接不定e.g: Let him go! 讓他走讓他走! 不定式不定式省省toto有四種情況：有四種情況： 寧愿；寧可4、感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞: see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補(bǔ)，省等后作賓補(bǔ)，省to。如：如：I saw him dance. 我看見他跳舞。我看見他跳舞。（其中（其中help的的to可省可不?。┛墒】刹皇。〆.g: Let me do it.e.g: I saw him cross the street.比較：比較： I heard her

11、singing in the next room.（強(qiáng)調(diào)正在）（強(qiáng)調(diào)正在） I heard her sing in the next room.（強(qiáng)調(diào)全過程）（強(qiáng)調(diào)全過程）注意注意：這些情況在被動(dòng)句中可千萬不可省這些情況在被動(dòng)句中可千萬不可省to to 喲！喲！ （被動(dòng)語態(tài)中被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，“to”to”要還原要還原）e.g:The boss made them work the whole night. =變成被動(dòng)句：They were made to work the whole night. 根據(jù)句意, 用括號內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Its time for us (have) s

12、upper 2. Would you like _ (go) shopping with me？ 3. It took us half an hour _ (work) out the problem to have 主語to go 賓語to work 主語4. He is old enough _ (join) the army 5. I am very glad _ (meet) you here6.They prefer _ (stay) at home rather than go outto join 結(jié)果狀語to meet 形容詞補(bǔ)足語(原)to stay 賓語to say 定語7

13、. Have you got anything _ (say)? 8. We saw them_ (come) into the room just now 9. I am sorryI forgot_ (tell) you the news 10. His plan is _ (spend) a few days in the mountains11. Do you know when_ (start)？ come 賓補(bǔ)to tell 賓語to spend 表語to start 不定式短語作賓語12. He is too weak _ (carry) the big stone13. Mr Black asked the man_ (not jump) the queue.14. Your father is sleeping. Youd bett