2002年考研英語真題與答案

1、WORD格式Welchs Personal Information Philadelphia 19012002 年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題及答案Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them.

2、There are three parts in this Section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSW

3、ER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions 1 - 5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information youve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 wor

4、d or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to readthe table below. (5 points)Place of BirthYear of BirthTransfer to Barnard University (Year)1920Major at University1Final DegreePhDYear of Marriage1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year)2Field St

5、udy in the South Pacific (Age)3Main Interest4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year)5Death (Age)77Part B Directions:專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式1專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式For questions 6 - 10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more tha

6、n 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside 6the speakers homeOne reporter got to the speakers apartment pretending to pay 7The speaker believed

7、 the reporter wanted a picture of her looking 8Where is a correction to a false story usually placed9According to the speaker, the press will lose readers unless the 10editors and the news directorsPart C Directions:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you w

8、ill have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about childrens healthy development. Yo

9、u now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time A How much exercise they get every day.B What they are most worried about.C How long their parents accompany them daily.D What entertainment they are interested in.12. The a

10、cademy suggests that children under age twoA get enough entertainment.B have more activities.C receive early education.D have regular checkups.13. According to the report, childrens bedrooms should A be no place for play.B be near a common area. C have no TV sets.D have a computer for study.Question

11、s 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式2專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式A Family debts.B Bank savings.C Monthly bills.D Spending habits.1

12、5. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit A $190,000.B $330,000. C $500,000.D $ 1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth A Invest into a mutual fund.B Use the discount tickets. C Quit his eating-out habit.D U

13、se only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17 - 20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman,domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 - 20.17. Which word best describes the lawyers prediction of the change in divorce rate AFall.B Rise. C V-shape.D Zigzag.1

14、8. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriageA To embrace changes of thought.B To adapt to the disintegrated family life.C To return to the practice in the 60s and 70s.D To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago A They feared th

15、e complicated procedures.B They wanted to go against the trend. C They were afraid of losing face.D They were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a company would haveA been shifted around the country.B had difficulty being promoted.C enjoyed a happier life.D tasted little bitter

16、ness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語二專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式3專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式National Entrance Test Of English for MAMS Candidates (2002)考生本卷須知1.考生必須嚴(yán)格遵守各項(xiàng)考場(chǎng)規(guī)那么，得到監(jiān)考人員指令前方可開場(chǎng)答題。2.全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語分為試題一、試題二。3.本試題為試題二，共 11 頁 5-15 頁，含有

17、英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用、閱讀理解、寫作三個(gè)局部。 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用、 閱讀理解 A 節(jié)的答案必須用 2B 鉛筆按要求直接填涂在答題卡1 上，如要改動(dòng)，必須用橡皮擦干凈。閱讀理解B 節(jié)和寫作局部必須用藍(lán)黑圓珠筆在答題卡2 上答題，注意字跡清楚。4.考試完畢后，考生應(yīng)將答題卡 1、答題卡 2 一并裝入原試卷袋中， 將試題一、試題二交給監(jiān)考人員。Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on AN

18、SWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electr

19、onic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-centu

20、ry world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28. It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, 29, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,31

21、 its impact on the media was not immediately 32 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became personal too, as well as 33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generatio

22、ns much 36.It was within the computer age that the term information society began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its econ

23、omic, political, social and cultural implications. Benefits have been weighed 40 harmful outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.21.A betweenB beforeC sinceDlater22.A afterB byC duringDuntil23.A meansBmethodCmediumD measure專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式4專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式24.A processB companyC lightDform25.A gat

24、heredB speededC workedDpicked26.AonBoutCoverD off27.AofBforCbeyondD into28.A conceptB dimensionC effectDperspective29.AindeedBhenceC howeverD therefore30.A broughtB followedC stimulatedDcharacterized31.A unlessB sinceC lestDalthough32.AapparentBdesirableCnegativeDplausible33.AinstitutionalB universa

25、lCfundamentalDinstrumental34.AabilityBcapabilityCcapacityDfaculty35.A by means ofB in terms ofC with regard toD inline with36.A deeperB fewerC nearerDsmaller37.AcontextBrangeCscopeD territory38.A regardedB impressedC influencedDeffected39.AcompetitiveBcontroversialCdistractingDirrational40.AaboveBup

26、onCagainstD withSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式5專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, y

27、ou must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will

28、 be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which w

29、orks well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the ne

30、w arrival is suddenly pushed aside bya man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. Who is that the new arrival asked St. Peter. Oh, thats God, came the reply, but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor. If you are part of the group which y

31、ou are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in wi

32、th humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Includ

33、e a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.

34、Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote If at first you dont succeed, give up or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with

35、 humor.41. To make your humor work, you shouldA take advantage of different kinds of audience.B make fun of the disorganized people.C address different problems to different people.D show sympathy for your listeners.42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are A impolite

36、to new arrivals.B very conscious of their godlike role. C entitled to some privileges.D very busy even during lunch hours.專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式6專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式43. It can be inferred from the text that public services A have benefited many people.B are the focus of public attention.C are an inappropriate subject

37、 for humor.D have often been the laughing stock.44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered A in well-worded language.B as awkwardly as possible. C in exaggerated statements.D as casually as possible.45. The best title for the text may beA Use Humor Effectively.B Various

38、Kinds of Humor.C Add Humor to Speech.D Different Humor Strategies. Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics-the science of conferring var

39、ious human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed m

40、uch human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electroni

41、cs and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they wil

42、l have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves-goals that pose a real challenge. While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, we cant yet give a robot enough common se

43、nse to reliably interact with a dynamic world. Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human bra

44、in by the year 2021, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式7專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more compli

45、cated-than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneous

46、ly focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it.46. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in A the

47、use of machines to produce science fiction.B the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry. C the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.D the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.47. The word gizmos (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means A programs.B experts.C d

48、evices.D creatures.48. According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot thatcanA fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.B interact with human beings verbally. C have a little common sense.D respond independently to a changing world.49. Besides reducing human

49、labor, robots can alsoA make a few decisions for themselves.B deal with some errors with human intervention.C improve factory environments.D cultivate human creativity.50. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are A expected to copy human brain in internal structure.B able to

50、perceive abnormalities immediately.C far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.D best used in a controlled environment. Text 3Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost

51、$26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the

52、 headlines warning of gloom and doom this timeThe oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式8專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet th

53、ere are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in t