狀語從句的時態(tài)特點

1、涉及狀語從句的幾種特定時態(tài)1. “主將從現 ”原則 即若主句為一般將來時， 時間和條件狀語從句通常要用一般現在時表示將來， 而不能直 接使用將來時態(tài)。如：I 'll give her the telex when she comes. 她來時把電傳交給她。I 'll return the book as soon as I have read it. 這書一看完我就送還。He 'll have four years at university after he leaves school. 他中學畢業(yè)后要上 四年大學。2. since 與完成時since 引導時間狀語從

2、句時，其主句通常要用現在完成時，有時也用現在完成進行時。 如：She has had another baby since I saw her last. 從上次我見到她以來，她又生 了一個孩子。He has grown an inch since I saw him. 我上次見到他以后他已長高了一英寸。 注：當主句為 “It + be + 一段時間 ”時，則通常用一般現在時代替現在完成時。如： It 's more than three years now since I saw her last. 我們已有三年多沒見面 了。3. 特定句式的時態(tài)由no sooner. . . tha

3、n, hardly scarcelywhen引出的時間狀語從句，其主句通 常用過去完成時，從句通常用一般過去時。如：Hardly hadhearrived whenshestarted complaining.他剛到她就抱怨起來。Nosoonerhadhegone tosleepthan the telephonesnrAh Mllfffi若由壬處rang. 他剛睡著電話鈴就響了。Wehad nosoonerset outthana thunderstormbroke. 我們剛出發(fā)就下起一陣雷暴。No sooner had she agreed to marry him than she st

4、arted to have terrible doubts. 她剛同意嫁給他她就開始產生可怕的疑慮。狀語從句的時態(tài)特點一般情況下，時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用 “一般現在時 ” 表示“一般將來時 ” ，用“現在完成時 ”表示 “將來完成時 ”。例如：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就給你打電話。（這是由 as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞 arrive是一般現在時，表示一般將來時，決不可用 will arrive ）As soon as I have finished this work,

5、I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。 （從句中的謂語動詞用現在完成時 have finished ，表示將來完成時 ,決不可用 will have finished ）If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回來了， 請通知我。 （從句中的謂語動詞用 comes back, 表示一般將來時， 決不可用 will come back ）狀語從句講解和練習狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔當。例如：1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased t

6、o get our phonecall . （ 副詞 ）2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . （ 介詞狀短語 ）3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in herhouse every day . （ 不定式 ）4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . （ 過去分 詞）5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原

7、因狀語從句）狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。 enough 用作狀語 修飾形容詞和副詞時必須后置。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點?，F分別列舉如下 :1 時間狀語從句常用引導詞： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till,until特殊引導詞： the minute, the mom

8、ent, the second, every time, theday , the instant, immediately , directly, no soonerthan,hardly when, scarcely whenI didn 't realize how special my mother was until I became anadult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard（果園 ） the moment theysaw th

9、e guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地點狀語從句常用引導詞： where特殊引導詞： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3 原因狀語從句 常用引導詞： because,

10、since, as, for特殊引導詞： seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, giventhat.My friends dislike me because I 'm handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage peoplefrom trying to earn more.Consid

11、ering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 目的狀語從句常用引導詞： so that, in order that特殊引導詞： lest, in case, for fear that ， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so thathe could sign them.Th

12、e teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in theback could hear more clearly.5 結果狀語從句常用引導詞： sothat, so that, such that,特殊引導詞： such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, tosuch a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It 's such a good chance that we mus

13、t not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep lastnight.6 條件狀語從句常用引導詞： if, unless,特殊引導詞： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that,supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWe 'll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long

14、as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meetinghere.7 讓步狀語從句常用引導詞： though, although, even if, even though特殊引導詞：as（用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝）,while （ 一般用在句首 ），no matter ，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever,whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I resp

15、ect him, I can 't agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather isrough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won 't listen whatever you may say.8 比較狀語從句常用引導詞：as（同級比較）,than（不同程度的比較）特殊引導詞： the more the more ；just as

16、 ， so ;A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more tha n; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機器。9 方式狀語從句常用引導詞： as, as if, how特殊引導詞： the wayWhen in

17、 Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents havetaught us.10. 狀語從句的簡化?狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件: 主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it;從句主要動詞是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動詞?？墒÷?。例如：When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open tothe public next year .

18、He 'll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.另外，比較狀語從句經常省略。例如：I'm taller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).就狀語從句而言 ,有時為了使語言言簡意賅 ,常常將狀語從句進行 "簡化 " 。狀語從句的 "簡化 "現象在口語中較為普遍 ,而且在高考中的復現率也較高。因此,有必要對其進行全面、透徹的了解。狀語從句

19、的 "簡化"現象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:由 if, unless 等引導的條件狀語從句；由although, though, even if / though等引導的讓步狀語從句 由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導的時間狀語從句；由as, as if等引導的方式狀語從句；由as, than等引導的比較狀語從句。下面針對這五種情形作一歸納。(1)當狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉。 例如 :If (it is) possible, he will help you out of

20、the difficulty.如果可能的話 ,他會幫你擺脫困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情況對你來說不方便 ,否則你必須出席這次會議。(2)當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時 ,從句可以將主語和 be 動詞簡化掉。常用于以下幾種情形a.連詞+形容詞他小時候就學會了她有空就去逛商少壯不努力 ,老大As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.騎自行車。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shoppi

21、ng.店。Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.徒傷悲b. 連詞 + 名詞While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.盡管他曾他在孩提時代就樂于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.是個農民 ,而現在是位著名的導演了。C.連詞+現在分詞As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a popsong. 她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。Although (he is) doing his be