狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)

1、涉及狀語從句的幾種特定時(shí)態(tài)1. “主將從現(xiàn) ”原則 即若主句為一般將來時(shí)， 時(shí)間和條件狀語從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來， 而不能直 接使用將來時(shí)態(tài)。如：I 'll give her the telex when she comes. 她來時(shí)把電傳交給她。I 'll return the book as soon as I have read it. 這書一看完我就送還。He 'll have four years at university after he leaves school. 他中學(xué)畢業(yè)后要上 四年大學(xué)。2. since 與完成時(shí)since 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從

2、句時(shí)，其主句通常要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 如：She has had another baby since I saw her last. 從上次我見到她以來，她又生 了一個(gè)孩子。He has grown an inch since I saw him. 我上次見到他以后他已長高了一英寸。 注：當(dāng)主句為 “It + be + 一段時(shí)間 ”時(shí)，則通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如： It 's more than three years now since I saw her last. 我們已有三年多沒見面 了。3. 特定句式的時(shí)態(tài)由no sooner. . . tha

3、n, hardly scarcelywhen引出的時(shí)間狀語從句，其主句通 常用過去完成時(shí)，從句通常用一般過去時(shí)。如：Hardly hadhearrived whenshestarted complaining.他剛到她就抱怨起來。Nosoonerhadhegone tosleepthan the telephonesnrAh Mllfffi若由壬處rang. 他剛睡著電話鈴就響了。Wehad nosoonerset outthana thunderstormbroke. 我們剛出發(fā)就下起一陣?yán)妆o sooner had she agreed to marry him than she st

4、arted to have terrible doubts. 她剛同意嫁給他她就開始產(chǎn)生可怕的疑慮。狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)一般情況下，時(shí)間和條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用 “一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ” 表示“一般將來時(shí) ” ，用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ”表示 “將來完成時(shí) ”。例如：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就給你打電話。（這是由 as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞 arrive是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示一般將來時(shí)，決不可用 will arrive ）As soon as I have finished this work,

5、I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。 （從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have finished ，表示將來完成時(shí) ,決不可用 will have finished ）If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回來了， 請(qǐng)通知我。 （從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 comes back, 表示一般將來時(shí)， 決不可用 will come back ）狀語從句講解和練習(xí)狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。例如：1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased t

6、o get our phonecall . （ 副詞 ）2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . （ 介詞狀短語 ）3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in herhouse every day . （ 不定式 ）4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . （ 過去分 詞）5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原

7、因狀語從句）狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。 enough 用作狀語 修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)必須后置。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下 :1 時(shí)間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till,until特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the minute, the mom

8、ent, the second, every time, theday , the instant, immediately , directly, no soonerthan,hardly when, scarcely whenI didn 't realize how special my mother was until I became anadult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard（果園 ） the moment theysaw th

9、e guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： where特殊引導(dǎo)詞： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3 原因狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞： because,

10、since, as, for特殊引導(dǎo)詞： seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, giventhat.My friends dislike me because I 'm handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage peoplefrom trying to earn more.Consid

11、ering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： so that, in order that特殊引導(dǎo)詞： lest, in case, for fear that ， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so thathe could sign them.Th

12、e teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in theback could hear more clearly.5 結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： sothat, so that, such that,特殊引導(dǎo)詞： such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, tosuch a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It 's such a good chance that we mus

13、t not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep lastnight.6 條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： if, unless,特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that,supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWe 'll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long

14、as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meetinghere.7 讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： though, although, even if, even though特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as（用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝）,while （ 一般用在句首 ），no matter ，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever,whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I resp

15、ect him, I can 't agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather isrough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won 't listen whatever you may say.8 比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as（同級(jí)比較）,than（不同程度的比較）特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the more the more ；just as

16、 ， so ;A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more tha n; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。9 方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： as, as if, how特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the wayWhen in

17、 Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents havetaught us.10. 狀語從句的簡化?狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件: 主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it;從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞?？墒÷浴＠纾篧hen ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open tothe public next year .

18、He 'll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.另外，比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。例如：I'm taller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).就狀語從句而言 ,有時(shí)為了使語言言簡意賅 ,常常將狀語從句進(jìn)行 "簡化 " 。狀語從句的 "簡化 "現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍 ,而且在高考中的復(fù)現(xiàn)率也較高。因此,有必要對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面、透徹的了解。狀語從句

19、的 "簡化"現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:由 if, unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；由although, though, even if / though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句 由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；由as, as if等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句；由as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。下面針對(duì)這五種情形作一歸納。(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動(dòng)詞是be時(shí),it和be要完全簡化掉。 例如 :If (it is) possible, he will help you out of

20、the difficulty.如果可能的話 ,他會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情況對(duì)你來說不方便 ,否則你必須出席這次會(huì)議。(2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí) ,從句可以將主語和 be 動(dòng)詞簡化掉。常用于以下幾種情形a.連詞+形容詞他小時(shí)候就學(xué)會(huì)了她有空就去逛商少壯不努力 ,老大As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.騎自行車。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shoppi

21、ng.店。Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.徒傷悲b. 連詞 + 名詞While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.盡管他曾他在孩提時(shí)代就樂于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.是個(gè)農(nóng)民 ,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。C.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a popsong. 她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。Although (he is) doing his be