直接引語改為間接引語的變化

1、直接引語改為間接引語的變化1人稱的變化。其規(guī)律為：一從主，二從賓，三不變。具體為：(1) 如果直接引語的主語是第一人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的主語保持一致。女口： Mary said,“ I want to forget the past.Mary said (that)she wan ted to forget the past.(2) 如果直接引語的主語是第二人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的賓語保持一致。女口： He said to me,“ Do you want to ask about thab? ” fHe asked me if I wan ted to ask about the

2、lab.(3) 如果直接引語的主語是第三人稱，變化時，該人稱保持不變。女口： Jim said , “They are going to do their homework. "fJim said (that) they were going to do their homework.2. 時態(tài)的變化。(1 )如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句原有時態(tài)保持不變。女口： Mary says, “ I we to see the movie yesterday."f Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday."(

3、2 )如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句的時態(tài)會有以下變化(科學(xué)事實、自然規(guī)律除外 )。a.般現(xiàn)在時f般過去時b.般將來時f過去將來時c.現(xiàn)在進行時f過去進行時d.般過去時f過去完成時e.現(xiàn)在完成時f過去完成時。也就是說要落后一個時態(tài)。3. 直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語及動詞都會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，變 化見下表。在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞this, thesethat, those時間狀語nowthe n/at that timethis week/mo nththat week/m onthyesterdaythe day beforelast week/ monthth

4、e week/m on th beforethree days/years agothree days/years beforetomorrowthe n ext/follow ing daynext week/m onththe n ext/followi ng week/m on thtodaythat day地點狀語herethere動詞come, bringgo, take情態(tài)動詞can, may, mustcould, might, had to4.各種句型的直接引語改為間接引語的方法。(1) .陳述句改為間接引語時，常用動詞said, told，連詞that，多被省略。如: Ben

5、 said,“I won ' t go to Marcia ' s house on Friday night. "fBen said (that)he wouldn' t go to Marcia ' s house on Friday night.Lana said to me, “ I ' m not mad at you anymore. " f Lana told me(that)she wasn' t mad at me anymore.(2) .一般疑問句常用if或whether來將其改為間接引語(選擇疑問句只能

6、用whether), 常用ask來引述，可以加間接賓語。語序為陳述語序。女口： She said, “Could I copy your homework? " fShe asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework.She said, "Is this book yours or hers?" fShe asked(me)whether that book was mine or hers.(3) .特殊疑問句的間接引語，仍由原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。語序用陳述語序。如： She said, “Why don'

7、;t you think it is a good idea?She asked why I didn 't think it was a good idea.(4) .祈使句時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o 的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上 tell,ask,order 等動詞。如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面加上not。其句型是： tell/ask/order someone (not)to do sth 。如，He said to Tom,“ Don' t do the work anymore.” fHe told Tom not to do the wo

8、rk anymore.She said to us, “ Please have a rest.” fShe asked us to have a rest.將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。said, “I am proud of my class. ”Mary said that proud of her class.said, “This is my bedroom. ”John said that his bedroom.Gao said, “I like living here. ”Miss Gao said that living . .said, “I 'll go tomor

9、row. ”He said that go . .mother said： “ I am going to make dumplings” .said： “ I do homework every day.” .said： “ I will play basketball this night.” .8. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspap_e_r?_9. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?he asked. 10. He asked,“ Where do you live?” .11. “How can we get to the pos-toffice? ” he asked. 12