五大基本句型（課堂PPT）

1、Chapter11 五大基本句型五大基本句型 Please correct the wrong sentences. Im writing to everybody some advice about how to keep healthy before the exams. It is important for you to keep yourself have a healthy life. We are go to bed early and get up early too. because is good for our body. I hope we will more and

2、more healthy. Its can help you more healthy. writing to you to give some advicekeep you healthyshould go/go because it iswill beIt can help you be more healthy.What makes a sentence?Sentence elements謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) (v)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) (Attr)(Attr)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) (s) (s) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) (IO,O)(IO,O) 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) (Ad)(Ad) 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) (Cs, Co)(Cs, Co)主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)Vt

3、link-VVi賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(間)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)( (直直) )RevisionRevision表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) (P)(P) Point 1Point 1 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本類型簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本類型 （ five basic sentence patterns) He runs.2. People make history.3. Knowledge is power. 4. He gave me a book.5. We call her Lily.主主+謂謂 ( 基本句型基本句型 一一: :( (主謂主謂) ) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞前！前！ ( (不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞) )1. The s

4、unrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly共同特點(diǎn)共同特點(diǎn): 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。狀語(yǔ)從句等。 1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.They10. He flies. ros

5、e. cooked. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour.walked yesterday have goneis playing 基本句型基本句型 二二共同特點(diǎn)：共同特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生都具有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞后！后?。▽?shí)義動(dòng)詞）（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）(賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) 1. Who 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. The

6、y 6. Danny 7. I 4. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts.to have a cup of tea. Good morning. 基本句型 三共同特點(diǎn)：共同特點(diǎn)：句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)

7、詞。叫做連系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞分兩類：系動(dòng)詞分兩類：(1)表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。等等。(2)表示轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果的系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：表示轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果的系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等等等 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞后！后！Link-（系動(dòng)（系動(dòng)詞）詞）(表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ))1. This 2. The dinner3. He 4. Everything5. He 6. The book 7. Th

8、e weather 8. His face is smellsfell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting.warmer. red. 基本句型基本句型 四四共同特點(diǎn)：共同特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。受者。 通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連通常這一間接承受

9、者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連接，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承接，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略。受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略。（及（及物）物）I（多（多指人）指人） （多指物）（多指物）1. She2. She 3. He 8. He 5. I 6. I 7. I 4. He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed himher husband you her him him mea new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictu

10、res. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late. 但若要但若要先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)（事物），先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)（事物），后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)（人），（人），則要借助于介詞則要借助于介詞to或或for。如：。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對(duì)著朝著，向著，對(duì)著某人。某人。用用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人表示為了某人，替某

11、人。常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：（需借助（需借助to的）的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；等；（需借助（需借助for 的）的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。等。 基本句型基本句型 五五共同特點(diǎn)共同特點(diǎn): 動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思不能表

12、達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ), 才能使意思完整。才能使意思完整。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 位于位于賓語(yǔ)之后賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明的成分。對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明的成分?？梢杂米髻e語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有名詞可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有名詞, 形容詞形容詞, 不定式不定式,動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞, 分詞分詞, 介詞短語(yǔ)等。介詞短語(yǔ)等。 （及物）（及物） （賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）1. We 2. They3. They 4. They5. What 6. We 7. He 8. I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the ta

13、ble the door supper the house him him me them clean. green. dinner. dirty. sad? out. to come back soon. getting on the bus. (一一) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ) My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the sc

14、hool want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.(二二) 挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)- The old man was feeling very tired.- The leaves have turned yellow.- Soon They all became interested in the subject.(四四) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) She likes the children to read newspaper

15、s and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.（二）（二） SVOSV SVOSVSVPSVOSVOCSVOSVOCSVOC(S)VOCSVOCSVIoDo 除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語(yǔ)而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語(yǔ)可以是面或后面增加一些修飾語(yǔ)而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語(yǔ)可以是單詞

16、（主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞），也可以是各種類型單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞），也可以是各種類型的短語(yǔ)（主要是介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)和分詞短語(yǔ)）。下的短語(yǔ)（主要是介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)和分詞短語(yǔ)）。下面以基本句型五（面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）為例：）為例： We found the hall full. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)禮堂坐滿了。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)禮堂坐滿了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師。 We found the great hall full of stu

17、dents and teachers listening to an important report.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽(tīng)一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽(tīng)一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽(tīng)人民日?qǐng)?bào)的我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)

18、生和教師，在聽(tīng)人民日?qǐng)?bào)的一位同志作有關(guān)東歐局勢(shì)的重要報(bào)告。一位同志作有關(guān)東歐局勢(shì)的重要報(bào)告。 不同的動(dòng)詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)不同的動(dòng)詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)掌握掌握動(dòng)詞的類型動(dòng)詞的類型。以。以 get 為例：為例： Hes getting angry. (S V P) He got through the window. (S V O) Youll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C) 在句子中在句子中詞類和詞的位置也影響句子的句型和意思詞類和詞的位置也影響句

19、子的句型和意思: I found the book easily. 我很容易地找到了這本書(shū)。我很容易地找到了這本書(shū)。(S V O M） I found the book easy. 我覺(jué)得這本書(shū)很容易。我覺(jué)得這本書(shū)很容易。 （S V O C） I have to do something. 我得做點(diǎn)事。我得做點(diǎn)事。 I have something to do. 我有點(diǎn)事做。我有點(diǎn)事做。 5.The palaces were large and beautiful.6.Horse-riding,hammer throw and shooting are some of the more unu

20、sual events.8.I will pick up rubbish from the ground.9.You can plant a tree or build a birdhouse.10.I will tell my friends to protect the environment. A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at t

21、he Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, 2006. S + V A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibition tour for a star-studded U.S. team on its way to the world championships. S + V + O According to the current information held by the Chinese authorities, a verdict arri

22、ved at by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the bird flu research and test centre of Thailand was arbitrary and based on the fact that the virus found in Thailand and Laos was similar to recent finds in southern China, the ministrys statement said. s+link-v+p First put f

23、orward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at th

24、e Ecolab polytechnique. 這個(gè)定理，先是由十七世紀(jì)法國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出，這個(gè)定理，先是由十七世紀(jì)法國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出，曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難，包括一位法國(guó)女科學(xué)家曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難，包括一位法國(guó)女科學(xué)家，她在解決這個(gè)難題方面取得了重大的進(jìn)展，她曾女扮，她在解決這個(gè)難題方面取得了重大的進(jìn)展，她曾女扮男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。簡(jiǎn)析：夾雜過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名簡(jiǎn)析：夾雜過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞及兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。詞及兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。S+v+o. .3838實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用 I He sent me an e

25、-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope. .3939實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I _ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. Sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept. .4040實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I _ at the door before entering, please. A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock . .4141實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)

26、際應(yīng)用I _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give. .4242實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用IThe manager, _ his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known . .4343實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I7. It is believed that if

27、a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest . .4444實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; di

28、sappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing . .4545實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用IThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smell D. to be smelt. .4646實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it? -Yes, _ more words and expressions and youll find it easier to read and communicate. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known . .4747實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用IReading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictu