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1、SQKC-25 高三一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第11講課后作業(yè)上海卷38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what38. 答案:A解析:題干的意思是:“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是由一個(gè)區(qū)域里相互作用的生物和非生物構(gòu)成的”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),_ interact with one another是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the living and nonliving things,通過(guò)還原法可知,先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),不是人,

2、所以用that。務(wù)必記?。簑hat不可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。浙江卷13The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why13.B??疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾platform,where再?gòu)木渲谐洚?dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。解題思路:1.確定從句類(lèi)型,主句主干完整,可判斷出是定語(yǔ)從句而非名詞性從句;2.查找先行詞;3.判斷從句主干是否完整,確定

3、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。【句意】這家博物館將在春天開(kāi)放,有一個(gè)展覽和一個(gè)觀看平臺(tái),在這個(gè)平臺(tái)上參觀者可以看到正在建造一個(gè)大玻璃屋。重慶卷 24John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom24. D。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞that只能引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句,排除;先行詞是people,which 只能指物,排除選項(xiàng)C;如果用them, 則逗號(hào)之后應(yīng)該加上一個(gè)連詞and,排除。【拓展】英語(yǔ)中兩個(gè)句子之間

4、是必須要有一個(gè)連詞的,簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō),如果在一個(gè)逗號(hào)的前面和后面的句子之中沒(méi)有連詞的話,那這個(gè)句子就是錯(cuò)誤的。【句意】約翰邀請(qǐng)了四十個(gè)人參加他的婚禮,其中大部分是家庭成員。陜西卷16 is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As16.D。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。as在此句中引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,放在句首,同時(shí)在從句中作主語(yǔ),為正確答案;如果用it或者that,那么整個(gè)句子中缺少一個(gè)連詞,排除選項(xiàng)A和B; 如果用what,逗號(hào)前面應(yīng)該是一個(gè)主

5、語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句之后應(yīng)該是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而不是逗號(hào)之后再來(lái)一個(gè)句子,排除?!揪湟狻康柔t(yī)生到的時(shí)候,Amy好多了,孩子都這樣。四川卷9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A. what B. which C. when D. where9. D。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。the environment是先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),“他們生活在這個(gè)環(huán)境中”,故用關(guān)系代詞where?!就卣埂筷P(guān)系詞的選擇,最關(guān)鍵的就是看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分,而不是看先行詞是表示什么的單詞,如表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞之后未必

6、用where,同樣表示時(shí)間的先行詞之后未必用when?!揪湟狻楷F(xiàn)在人們更加關(guān)心他們所生活的環(huán)境。山東卷35 Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. when B. where C. which D. whom35.C。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為island,而先行詞在從句中所做的成分是主語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系代詞that或which;when和where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用做狀語(yǔ);而whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)做賓語(yǔ)?!揪湟狻孔罱K他們到達(dá)了一個(gè)完全與外界隔絕的荒島上。山東

7、卷 31There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A. as B. thatC. when D. where31.A。本題考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。That是不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從的;而when和where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不做主語(yǔ)。【句意】沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的答案,正如科學(xué)界的許多情況一樣。遼寧卷 34 He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin that case Cin what c

8、ase Din whose case34. A。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),He may win the competition為主句,剩下的只可以為從句,故先排除B。本題中,in which case引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于and in that case。所以選A。江西卷 33 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how33.C考查定語(yǔ)從句。解題關(guān)鍵是判斷定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇方法,即:根據(jù)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做的成分來(lái)判斷

9、。本題中先行詞letter在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此,正確答案為C?!揪湟狻克麑?xiě)了一封信,在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生的一切?!就卣埂縲hat與how都不可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。江蘇 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen33. B 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為 passion,定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系代詞 which?!揪湟狻坑辛嗽从谄渌称肺幕撵`感,美

10、國(guó)飲食文化可以變得更好。湖南卷 21 Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. whoC. what D. which21. B??疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。who指代先行詞those(那些人),在從句中做主語(yǔ), whom不能做主語(yǔ),which指物,what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,故選擇B。解題技巧:找主干,析從句。1.找主干:因?yàn)橹骶渫暾?Happiness and success often come to those.不難看出本題考查定語(yǔ)從句,排除wh

11、at。2.析從句:_are good at recognizing their own strengths,缺主語(yǔ),先排除whom,先行詞those(那些人),排除which,故選擇who?!揪湟狻啃腋:统晒偳嗖A能善于意識(shí)到自己長(zhǎng)處的人們。福建卷27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. thatC. who D. which27. A。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。_ lives were affected.是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾those,從句

12、的主語(yǔ)是_ lives,缺修飾語(yǔ),所以選whose?!揪湟狻窟@本書(shū)從經(jīng)歷過(guò)地震的人的角度來(lái)講述地震的故事。北京卷 27Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. whichC. whose D. where27. D。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的連詞??仗幹笫且粋€(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是park,在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),“in the park”,故應(yīng)該選用關(guān)系副詞where?!揪湟狻吭S多國(guó)家都在建立國(guó)家公園,可以保護(hù)很多動(dòng)植物?!拘「[門(mén)】定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞

13、的選擇取決于在定語(yǔ)從句中的句法作用,要看它做什么成分,而不是表示什么,如表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)等的先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中未必就是做時(shí)間或者地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),如果是做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),那就不能用關(guān)系副詞when,where,而應(yīng)該根據(jù)具體情況,選用關(guān)系代詞。安徽卷 29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2019, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.Ait BthatCwhat Dwhich29. D。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。首先根據(jù)句意確定逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)

14、非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,鎖定正確答案是which;that 不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,排除;what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,排除;如果用it, 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),它的前面缺少一個(gè)連詞,排除?!揪湟狻磕员皇谟?019年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),使得中國(guó)人長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想成真了。天津卷6 We have launched another manmade satellite,_ is announced in todays newspaper.A. that B. which Cwho Dwhat 6.B。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。本句中which指代的就是前面整句話的內(nèi)容,即我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星這件事,可翻譯成“這一

15、點(diǎn)”。【句意】我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星,這一事件在今天的新聞中得到了報(bào)道。課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 4When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.A. what B. when C. where D. which4. C。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的連詞??仗幹笫且粋€(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,解題關(guān)鍵就是看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。這個(gè)句子中,先行詞是house,在定語(yǔ)從句中,做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),即:I would be staying in the house,所以要用關(guān)系副詞where?!揪湟狻慨?dāng)我到達(dá)的時(shí)候,布萊恩帶我去看房子,我將住在那

16、個(gè)房子里?!拘「[門(mén)】定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選擇,關(guān)鍵要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的句法作用,而不是看它是關(guān)于什么的名詞,例如,如果先行詞是表示時(shí)間地點(diǎn)的名詞,具體用哪個(gè)關(guān)系詞,要看它在從句中是做狀語(yǔ)還是做主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ),如果是做時(shí)間或者地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),那就用關(guān)系副詞when或者where;如果是做主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ),那就要根據(jù)具體情況選用關(guān)系代詞。浙江5. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom5.D。考查 定語(yǔ)從句。

17、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,介詞of后用whom指代著前面的children。解題思路:1.數(shù)謂語(yǔ),句子中有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ),需要連詞,排除C;2.確定從句類(lèi)型,主句主干完整,可判斷出是定語(yǔ)從句而非名詞性從句,排除A;3.先行詞是人,排除B,選擇D?!揪湟狻亢⒆觽?,玩了一整天,都筋疲力盡了。(年高考英語(yǔ)安徽卷)23. Its much easier to make friends _ you have similar interests.A. unlessB. whenC. even thoughD. so that23. B。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。本題可以把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別放到空處,其中只有選項(xiàng)B能使語(yǔ)意通順,

18、為正確答案;其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是“除非”,“即使”,“以便”,都不合乎句意,排除?!揪湟狻慨?dāng)你們有相似的愛(ài)好的時(shí)候,交朋友就容易的多。(年高考英語(yǔ)北京卷)30. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _ I wanted to hire a car.A. in caseB. even ifC. ever sinceD. if only30. A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。本題的解題關(guān)鍵是弄清“我?guī)я{照”跟“租車(chē)之間”之間的邏輯關(guān)系,這樣正確答案就很容易鎖定了。【句意】度假時(shí)我?guī)Я笋{照,以防我要租車(chē)。(年高考英語(yǔ)湖南卷)23You must

19、 learn to consult your feelings and your reason_ you reach any decision.Aalthough Bbefore Cbecause Dunless23. B??疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句。解題思路:理清邏輯關(guān)系。對(duì)比reach any decision 和consult your feelings and your reason關(guān)系,不難看出,兼顧好情感與理智在前,做任何決定在后?!揪湟狻磕阋獙W(xué)會(huì)在做任何決定之前都必須兼顧好情感與理智。(年高考英語(yǔ)江蘇卷)28. In the global economy, a new drug for can

20、cer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. whichever28. C。本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。在狀語(yǔ)從句_ it is discovered中,不缺少任何主要成分,所以引導(dǎo)詞只能在從句中作狀語(yǔ),只可以選擇副詞性質(zhì)的,所以答案很明顯,選C?!揪湟狻吭谌蚪?jīng)濟(jì)中,一種治療癌癥的新藥,無(wú)論它是在哪兒被發(fā)現(xiàn),都將在全球產(chǎn)生很多經(jīng)濟(jì)上的可能性。24. One can always manage to do more

21、 things, no matter_ full ones schedule is in life.A. howB. whatC. whenD. where(年高考英語(yǔ)遼寧卷)24. A。本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,no matter how=however。根據(jù)how+adj./adv.的原則,本題中full是形容詞,所以選擇A?!就卣埂坑胔owever,whatever完成以下讓步狀語(yǔ)從句: _ great difficulties we are faced with, well never give up. _ great the difficulties are, well

22、never give up. _ many difficulties we are faced with, well never give up.答案分別為: Whatever; However; However。分析:no matter what(=whatever)+n.,如題;no matter how(=however)+adj./adv.,如題。但是,若修飾名詞的形容詞為數(shù)量多少的詞(many, much, little, few)時(shí),要用no matter how=however,如題?!揪湟狻坎徽撘粋€(gè)人的日程有多么滿,他總是能設(shè)法做更多的事情。(年高考英語(yǔ)陜西卷)18. I ha

23、ve heard a lot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad.A. since B. until C. before D. when18. A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的其中一個(gè)用法是表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”,從本句中的主句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),從句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)看,整個(gè)句子表達(dá)的正是這樣的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,故連詞用since;如果用until或者before,則主句表示的動(dòng)作都是發(fā)生在從句之前,都應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí),排除B,C;如果用when,則主句應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí),排除D?!揪湟狻孔詮奈覐膰?guó)外回來(lái),

24、聽(tīng)說(shuō)了好多關(guān)于你的好事情。(年高考英語(yǔ)上海卷)30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, _ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty30. 答案:C解析:題干的意思是:“他們承諾,無(wú)論可能有什么困難,到今年底都要開(kāi)發(fā)出一個(gè)軟件包”。本題是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,由句意“無(wú)論”可知是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,從而排除選項(xiàng)B,D。從句中的關(guān)鍵詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have,用還原法,可知是短語(yǔ)have difficulty,所以從句為whatever difficulty they might have。如果選B,則從句要改為:however difficult it might be。(年高考英語(yǔ)四川卷)7. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with

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