中考英語情態(tài)動詞考點歸納與例析

1、中考英語情態(tài)動詞考點歸納與例析【重點講解】情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，表示必須“、可能"、應當“、必要”等。情態(tài)動詞本身具有一定的意義，但詞義不完全，不能獨立作謂 語，只能和主要動詞一起構成謂語。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，沒有非謂語 形式。常見情態(tài)動詞用法歸納：1. can和could: can表示能力、可能，只用于一般現(xiàn)在時，過去時用could。 (比較：be able to可以用于多種時態(tài)。)但could表示提出委婉的請求，或在否 定，疑問句中表示推測或懷疑時，不表示時態(tài)。例如：Could I have the television on?我可以打開電視嗎？He

2、couldn't be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。2. may和might表示允許或請求。might表示推測時，不表示時態(tài)，只是表 示可能性比may小。3. may(might) have + done sth的意思是“可能已經(jīng)做了某事”，推測在過 去時間里可能發(fā)生的事情。例如：He may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.4. must和have to都是 必須”的意思。have to表示客觀的需要，must表示 說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。have to有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must只

3、有一種形式。另外，must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為"定 否定推測用can't。5. must have +done sth表示對過去可能發(fā)生的事情的推測，語氣較強，具 有 肯定"，諒必”的意思。例如：-Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.-She must have gone by bus.6. should和ought to都是 應該”的意思，可用于各種人稱。7. ought to have done sth/ should have done sth 示本應該做某事，而事實 上并

4、沒有做。否定句則表示 不該做某事而做了 "。另外，ought to在語氣上比 should要強。例如：You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.8. need和dare既可用作實義動詞用，又可用作情態(tài)動詞用。作為情態(tài)動詞， 兩者都只能用于疑問句，否定句和條件句中。9. needn't have done sth表示 本沒必要做某事例如：I dressed very warmly for the

5、trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.10. Will/Would you do ?表示 請求“、勸說”。如果加上please,則語氣 更加客氣。11. Shall I/ we 表示征求意見。12. would like to do sth表示 想要做某事("want to do sth) ”，為固定搭配。 例如：Would you like to go with me?【中考鏈接】13. - Can I go fishing with you, Dad?-No, you. You stay at home

6、 and do your homework first.A. won ' t, mayB. can ' t, mustC. shouldn ' t, oughtD. needn ' t, should答案：Bo【解析】問句是說 何以去釣魚嗎？ ”從答句結尾可知，父親是叫孩子呆在家里做作業(yè)，所以否定回答應為No, you can : t14. - Our class won the English speaking contest.-Congratulations! You be very proud of it.A. canB. needC. would D.

7、must答案：D。【解析】根據(jù)上下文，本題要填表示肯定推測的must。答句的意思是“祝賀你們！你們一定為此而自豪?！?. - Have you seen my glasses I find them.-Sorry, I haven ' t seen them.A. can ' t B. shouldn ' t C. won ' t D. mustn ' t答案：A?！窘馕觥刻釂柕娜耸窃谡也坏阶约旱难坨R的情況下問Have you seenmy glasses?,所以選 A。4. - Must I write all the words down now?-

8、No, you.A. mustn't B. can ' t C. won ' t D. needn ' t答案：D?！窘馕觥坑胢ust提問時，否定回答表示“不必要”時，用needn't。5. - The sports shoes must be Linds.-No, they be. TheyYe too small for her.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. may notD. might not答案：B。【解析】從答句開頭可知，這里是有把握的否定判斷，要用can'to句意為“不可能是”。6. - You slee

9、p in class.-Sorry, Miss Wang. I.A. mustn' t, mustn ' t B. can ' t , needn ' tB. C. mustn ' t, won ' t D. shouldn ' t , may not答案：C?！窘馕觥縨ustn'表示禁止，意思是 千萬不要"。第二空填won' j 表示我不會再睡覺的”。7. - May I take the magazine out of the reading room?-. Please read it here.A. Ce

10、rtainly. B. No, you needn' t C. No, you can ' D. No, you may not.答案：Co【解析】閱覽室的雜志一般只能在閱覽室里看，是不可以拿走 的。" can'表示 不可以”，語氣較強，所以選Co8. - Excuse me , how can I get to the hi-tech Exhibition Hall?-Sorry, I am new here. The policeman over there know.A. shall B. may C. need D. would答案：B?！窘馕觥縨ay

11、表示猜測，意思為 可能”。問句的意思是“怎樣去高 交會館？ ”?；卮鹗恰澳沁叺木炜赡苤??！?. You return the book now. You can keep it for another week.A. needn ' t B. mustn ' t C. can ' t D. won ' t答案：A。【解析】從結尾一句的意思判斷選A 。needn'的意思是 不必”。10. - Tom, where is your father?-I'm nouse. He in his office.A. is B. may be C. may

12、be D. may答案：B?！窘馕觥?從"I' m not sc#e斷；回答問題的人不能確定他父親在 那里，所以排除Ao而C和D在句中都不能單獨作謂語，故選 Bo11. He went back home just now. He be here now.A. mightn ' t B. needn ' t C. can ' t D. has to答案：C?！窘馕觥縞an'表示表示猜測，意思是 不可能”。【習題精煉】1. - Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes, of course, you.A. might

13、 B. willC. canD. should2. - Shall I tell John about it?-No, you. I've told him already.A. needn'tB. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't3. Tom ought not to me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. tellB. have toldC. be telling D. having told4. - May I smoke here?-No, you.A. mustn'

14、t B. don'tC. needn'tD. must5. You to school tomorrow if you go to look after your mother in the hospital.A. don't need comeB. don't come，.C. needn't to comeD. needn't come6. - Is the girl in red Mary?-No, it be Mary . She's doing her homework at home.A. mustB. mayC. can&#

15、39;tD. mustn't7. - Why isn ' t Tom in school today?-He be sick, or he ' d have been here already.A. shouldB. must C. mayD. would8. - Is Mr Hu in the reading room?-No, he be there. He has gone to Tianjing.A. mustn ' tB. needn ' t C. won ' t D. can ' t9. - May mustn ' t

16、 I go swimming in the river, Mum?-No, you. It ' s dangerous.A. mustn ' t B. needn ' t C. don ' tD. haven' t10. -you like to go shopping with me?-Yes, I.A. Would, wouldB. W川，will likeC. Would, would loveD. Would , would love to11. - Must I hand in the homework now?-No , you. But y

17、ou hand it in tomorrow.A. mustn' must B. needn t, ave to C. needn' can D. musn ' t, must【答案詳解】1 .答案：Co【解析】 問句開頭的could表示委婉的語氣，并不表示時態(tài)。 答語中of course表示肯定的語氣，允許某人做某事時，用 can和may來表達， 不能用could或might。2 .答案：A?！窘馕觥縩eedn't意為 不必"，不用"。wouldn't意為 將不”不“ 會的"。mustn't意為 禁止"，

18、不可以"。shouldn't意為 不應該”。從結尾的一 句的意思判斷，這里要用 needn'i3 .答案：Bo【解析】由于后半句為過去時，可見告訴秘密”的動作發(fā)生在其前，因此ought not to后要用完成時“have told ”4 .答案：A?！窘馕觥繂柧涞囊馑际?我可以在這兒抽煙嗎”，否定回答為你 不可以”，因此選A。mustn't含有禁止意味，語氣比 may not強。5 .答案：D?！窘馕觥繌恼Z法結構上看，A項中come前缺to。C項中come 前的to應去掉。6 .答案：Co【解析】根據(jù)最后一句 瑪麗正在家里做家庭作業(yè)”這一信息， 可知穿紅衣服的姑娘不是瑪麗”，應用can't,表否定的才t測。故選 Co7 .答案：Bo【解析】must和may都有表示猜測的用法。Must表示的可能 性較大，而may表示可能性較小。從答句中我們可以判斷這里的可能性應該較 大，因為 他肯定生病了，否則，他早就到這兒了所以該題的答案為B。.8 .答案：D?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)最后一句判斷