高一英語名詞性從句講解(2)

1、名詞性從句1 .種類2 .賓語從句的時態(tài)。3 . that什么情況下可以省略，什么情況下不可以省略。4 . whether和if什么時候可以互換，什么時候不可以互換。5 .如何區(qū)分同位語從句與定語從句。完成以下題目，并分別指出它們是什么從句1. the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is he was o

2、ften late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth the earth around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move1 .名詞性從句的概念：一個句子在連接詞的引導下，在句子中 起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。2 .名詞性從句的功能：相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。His job is important.（主語）What he does is impor

3、tant.把語）This is his job.（表語）This is what he does every day.表語）I don 'like his job.（賓語）I don 'like what he does every day.賓語）I don，t know abdbe fact that he is a teacher例位語）I don，t know aboue man, Mr. White.（同位語）得出結(jié)論：因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分為四類，即：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。3 .引導名詞性從句的連接詞：1、連接代詞： who

4、, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, what, whiCh司義，在從句中擔任成分， 如主語、 表語、賓語、或定語等。I don' t believe he has achieved so far.breaks the law should be punished.2、連接副詞：when, where, why, how有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，作狀語。we will hand in the project will be discussed later.Parents are thought to understand important educati

5、on is to their childr ens future.The reason he was absent was that he was ill.3、連接詞：that, whether, if, as if, as thoughthat無詞義，在從句中不擔任成分，有時可省略；if （whether）, as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔任成分。I don' t care about you have money or not.The problem is Tom is able to arrive on time.the meeting will be held here i

6、s not decided yet.It looks it is going to rain.The truth is he didri t come for the concert.the earth is round is true.四.名詞性從句的類型：1 .主語從句： 在復合句中作主句的主語。連接詞有 that, whether; who, what ,which; when ,where, how, why等。 如：he is a famous singer is known to us.he will go to America is not yet fixed.she s com

7、ing or not doesH t matter too much.broke the glass yesterday is not clear.注意：1 .為避免主語冗長，句子頭重腳輕，經(jīng)常用it作形式主語，主語從句放在后面作真正的主語。記住以下it作形式主語的句型：It's likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that很可能 / 重要的是/ 必要的是一/ 很清楚It s said / reported that據(jù)說/據(jù)報道It seems / appears / happens th at 顯然、明顯、碰巧 It&#

8、39;s been announced / declared that 已經(jīng)通知 /宣布 It's no wonder that -并不奇怪/無疑It's a pity/a fact /a common knowledge眾所周知）/ a common saying （俗話說）thatIt worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. forIt remains a question we can get so much money in such a short time.A. howB.

9、 thatC. whenD. whatIt is known to us where there is pollution, there is harm.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that2.單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用句單數(shù)形式；如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語作主語，謂語動詞則視情況而定。When and where he was born hasin been found.When he was born and where he was born havetnbeen found.When and why the person was murdered is

10、still unknown.When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.Exercises:.makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. WhoeverI can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy.A. WhereB. WhatC. ThatD. HowIt s not cl

11、ear was responsible for the accident.A. WhoB. WhatC. HowD. Thatin the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires2.表語從句：在復合句中作主句的表語。引導詞有連詞that , whether, as if, as though; who, what, which

12、,whose; when, where, how, why, because。如:The problem is we didnt get in touch with him.This is Henry solved the problem.His suggestion is we (should) finish the work at once.It looked it was going to rain.The reason we didn't trust him is he has often lie d注意：1 .如果句子的主語是suggestion, advice, order

13、, demand, proposal名詞時，后面引導的表語從句用should+ 動詞原形，should可省略。他的建議是我們應該馬上完成工作 .His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.2 . The reason is that的理由是， 的原因是The reason he was late again was he was caught in the traffic jam.The reason I have to go is my mother is 川 in bed.A .why; whyB. why; bec

14、ause C. why ; that3. It is because這是因為 Exercises:This is she was born.A. whereB. whichC. thatThe question is we cant go there today.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. that; becauseD. whatD. whenThe reason he has made such great progress is he has never wasted his time.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whatMy advice i

15、s that he school by bike.A. go toB. would go toC. goes toD. went toshe couldH t understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; whyB. That; whatC. What; becauseD. Why; thatEnergy is makes things work.A. whatB. everything C. something D. anything3 .賓語從句：在復合旬中作主句的賓語。引導詞

16、有連詞that , whether, if; who, whom, whose, what ,which;when ,where, how, why 等。如： (1) V +賓語從何，即劫賓”：We believe that he is honest. / I asked if they had a cheap suit. / Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? / I really don't know what he is doing.I just don ' t understand that prevents so man

17、y Americans from being as happy as one might expect. A .why it doesB. what it does C. what it isD. why it is-Don' t you believe me?-, I will believe you say.A. No; whateverB. Yes; no matter whatC. No; no matter what D. Yes; whatever“What did your parents think about your decision? “They always l

18、et me do I thinkI should. ” A. whenB. thatC. howD. what.(2) prep +賓語從句，即 介賓”： He s pleased with what we did yesterday. / Pay attention to what the teacher said.I wish to have a friend with shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomeverB. no matter whoC. whoeverD. anyoneMary wrote an article on the team

19、 had failed to win the game.A. whyB. whatC. whoD. thatIt was a matter of would take the position.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomD. whomeveradj +賓語從句，即 形賓”： I'm sure that my brother will love the jacket. / I am glad that you can come and help me. 不能誤將"It + be + adj + that”的主語從何當成賓語從句.如：It is necessa

20、ry that we should learn English well.注意：(1) whether與if都可以引導賓語從句，常可互換。但下面情況不能互換。 賓語從句是否定何時，只用if,不用whether。I wonder if it doesn't rain.用if會引起誤解，就要用 whether。Please let me know whether you want to go.(如果把 whether改成 if,容易當成條件句理解)賓語從句中的whether與or not直接連用，就不能換成if;不直接連用，可換成if。I don' t know whether o

21、r not the report is true.I don' t know whether the report is true or not.介詞后的賓語從句要用 whether引導。whether可與不定式連用，構(gòu)成 whether to do結(jié)構(gòu)。whether也可引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，還可引導讓步狀語從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導條件從何時，只能用 if, 而不能用 whether。They don' t know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.Exercises:

22、I asked her she had a bike.we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.We' re worried about he is safe.I don' t know he is well or not.I don' t know or not he is well.The question is he should do it.The doctor can hardly answer the question the old man will recov

23、er soon. 如果賓語從句是由that引導，and或but連接的兩個或兩個以上的并列的賓語從句，那么只有第一個 that可以省略，第二個或第二個以后的that不能省略.He said ( that ) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My deskmate told me (that ) he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補足語，就用it作形式賓語，將賓語從句后置

24、，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(3)表示“建議，命令，要求”的賓語從句，如 advise, suggest, order, request, require, deman而，從旬 用虛擬語氣，即should+詞原形,should可省略。(4)在 主語+ believe/thi

25、nk/suppose/know/expect的結(jié)構(gòu)中，其否定形式要用否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即主句否定，從 旬肯定。I don't think he will come.I don't think I 'll trouble you again.I don't expect that they will get married soon.(5)賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應：a.如果主句時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句謂語可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài).他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的 . He believes.b .請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么 . Please tell me.b.如

26、果主句謂語是一般過去時，從何謂語動詞一般用過去的某種時態(tài)，但如果從何表達的是 客觀事實、真 理、自然規(guī)律等時，從何謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。他告訴我他正在為考試做準備 . He told me.他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。He told me.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的 . The teacher told us.Exercises:Do you see I mean?A. that B./ C. how D. whatTell me is on your mind.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whyWe must stick to weA. whatB. that C. /L

27、et me see.A. that can I repair the radioC. I can repair the radioKeep in mind.A. that the teacher saidhave agreed on.D. howB. whether I can repair the radioD. whether can I repair the radioB. what did the teacher sayC. that did the teacher saD. what the teacher said4.同位語從句：在復合句中起同位語的作用。 一般放在名詞idea ;

28、 belief ; fact ; truth ; problem ; news, information; hope; thought; promis等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞。常用 that, whether, who, whom, when, where, why, how, which等弓I導（whose和 which 不弓I導同位語從旬）We all know the truth the earth goes round the sun.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whetherWe heard the news our team had won.A. wh

29、ichB. thatC. whatD. whereThe problem it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. ifThey expressed the hope they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. whenThe fact he didn ' t see Tom yesterday is true.A. that B. which C. whenD. what注意：1 .名詞suggestion,

30、 advice, orde等詞后的同位語從句的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形，should可省略。a. The suggestion that he at the meeting was agreed to by most people.A.was put forward B. put forwardC.should look forward D.looked forwardb. The suggestion that we to picnic onSunday was agreed to by most people.A went B.would go C.go D.were allow

31、ed to go2 .同位語從句有時沒有緊跟在名詞后面，而是被別的詞分開，稱為隔裂式同位語從句。He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.Word came that Tom would go abroad.The question came up at the meeting we had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whetherThere ' s a feeling in mewe' ll never know

32、 what a UFO -s-not ever.A.thatB.whichC. of which D.whatIt remains a question we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B. that C. when D. whatDanby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which3 .如何判斷同位語從句和定語從句？a.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中

33、that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當一個成分，充當賓語成分時可省略。b.同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不做任何成分，只起連接作用，無具體含義，且不可省略.五.名詞性從句的考點歸納：1 .名詞性從句的語序：a. That + 陳述句： That light travels in straight lines is known to all.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-it made me nearly mad.A. That

34、he broke B. What he broke C. He brokeD. His breakb.疑問詞引導的名詞性從句要求使用陳述語序，不能用一般疑問句語序,即“疑問詞+句子的剩余成分”。I don ' t know when he will go to Nang. / This is what we are looking for.a. How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()b. Could you tell me where he lives?()

35、Could you tell me where does he live?()2 .表示“建議，命令，要求”的名詞性從句，如 (suggest)suggestion, (advise)advice, order, request, demand 等，要用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形，should可省略。3 . that可省略的情況：單個賓語從句中的that可省略that不可省略的情況：主語從句表語從句同位語從句用it做形式賓語的賓語從句并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的引導詞that不能省略I don ' t think she is coming.It is a pity he h

36、as made such a mistake.The reason is he is careless .The news our team won the match inspired us.I don ' t think it necessary you shouldread English aloud.He told me his father had diedand he had to make a living alone.4 .關(guān)于whether與if的使用：What the doctor is uncertain about is my mother will recov

37、er from the serious diseasesoon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. whyElephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.A.不填B. whetherC. howD. whatThe question is the film is worth seeing.A. ifB. whatC. whetherD. howhis dream of going to college will come true is uncertain

38、.A. ThatB. WhetherC. IfD. Even ifExercise:我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。I don ' t know beothe glass yesterday.我不知道他長的什么樣子。I have no idea he looks like.這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is I left my glasses.指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種？1 .What he wants is a book.1.1 t is so

39、nice that we can learn this grammar point together.1.1 ，m so glthat I can make friends with you.4 .This is why he did it.5 .Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?6 .That he wants a book is certain.1.1 suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.8 .Whet

40、her you like him or not doesn' t matter too much.9 .He doesn，t knwhether you can sing it well.10 .The problem is whether you can sing it well.11 .The problem whethe門t is right or wrong has not been decided.12 .Please tell me who your monitors.判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句 ？1. China is no longer what

41、it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. The news that you tol

42、d me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.相關(guān)練習：1.1 have no idea he will come back.A. whereB. w

43、hen C. what D. that2. The news surprised everybody yesterday now proves tobe false.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. how3. One of the men held the view the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whichC. that whatD. which that4. Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week

44、.A. whatB. whetherC. thatD. which5. They received orders the work be done at once.A .whichB. whenC. /D .that5.1 canunderstand is she wants to change her mind.A. What; whyB. Which; howC. That; whyD. What; because7. I have the information.A. of what he'll come soonB. that he 'll come soonC. of that he 'll come soonD. his coming soon8. - Can I help yo