完型解題技巧學(xué)生版 (2)

1、完 形 填 空 解 題 微 技 巧完形填空屬于對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力的考查，解題中需要運(yùn)用很多技巧，現(xiàn)結(jié)合2010年的高考試題對(duì)這些技巧分析如下：一、利用復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系解題復(fù)現(xiàn)是行文不可避免要使用的一種詞匯銜接手段，它通過(guò)原詞、同(近)義詞、概括詞等形式重復(fù)某一信息。復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同(近)義復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義復(fù)現(xiàn)和解釋型復(fù)現(xiàn)等?？聪旅娴睦樱篒ntroduction to Letters to SamDear Reader,Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 36 , Sam,

2、 was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been (37. seriously) ill many times. So I wondered if I would have the (38. time) to tell Sam what I had (39. observed).For years I have been hosting a program on the 40 and writing artic

3、les for a magazine. Being 41 to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart 42 , exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 43 . So when Sam was born, I (44. decided) to tell him about school and friendship, romance and work, love and everything else. Thats how I started to w

4、rite these 45 . I hoped that Sam would (46. read) them sooner or later. (2010年重慶卷)36. A. sonB. nephew C. brother D. grandson40. A. radioB. television C. stage D. bed 41. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager 42. A. warm B. broken C. closed D. open43. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters 45.

5、 A. letters B. emails C. books D. diaries 二、利用語(yǔ)境共現(xiàn)解題完形填空的文章是一個(gè)意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語(yǔ)篇，圍繞一個(gè)話題展開(kāi)，因此在行文中語(yǔ)境的共現(xiàn)是不可避免的。看下面的例子：(2010年江蘇卷) Another persons enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My

6、 father (36. introduced) me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is 37 for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no 38 than tomorrow morning. ” 37. A. distinguished B. favored C. mistaken D. rewarded38. A. sooner B. later C. lon

7、ger D. earlier本文為夾敘夾議類(lèi)記敘文。作者通過(guò)講述繼母對(duì)于自己以及一家人的改變所起的作用，讓我們明白一個(gè)深刻的道理：熱情的有效釋放，將會(huì)成為人前進(jìn)的巨大動(dòng)力。三、利用上下文邏輯關(guān)系解題只有明確文章結(jié)構(gòu)，了解段與段之間、句與句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，才能加深對(duì)文章的理解，從而在空白處填入正確的詞語(yǔ)，這就要求考生熟悉和掌握一些常用的表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)。 (2010年北京卷) I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost

8、 instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me. 36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for四、利用文化背景和生活常識(shí)解題完形填空以完整的語(yǔ)篇信息為基礎(chǔ)，其問(wèn)題交織滲透著各類(lèi)相關(guān)的文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)，考查考生靈活運(yùn)用該方面知識(shí)的能力。現(xiàn)以2010年陜西卷為例分析如下：I us

9、ed to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.I was on my lunch break and had 26 the office to get something to eat. On the way, I 27 a busker (街頭藝人), with a hat in front of him. I had some 28 in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would (29. only) us

10、e the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He (30. looked) like that type young and ragged. (31. But) what was I going to spend the money on? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then (32. realized) I had no right to place myself above (33. him) just because he was busk

11、ing.26. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D. searched27. A. led B. chose C. saw D. fooled28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs本文是一篇記敘文。文章記敘的是發(fā)生在作者身上的一件真實(shí)的事情。正是這件事情改變了作者，讓他認(rèn)識(shí)到“給予”本身就是一種快樂(lè)。前三空可利用生活常識(shí)解題。五、利用固定搭配或習(xí)慣表達(dá)解題運(yùn)用詞語(yǔ)間的搭配關(guān)系，考生經(jīng)?？梢詿o(wú)需過(guò)度依賴(lài)上下文信息而直接確定答案，即使確定不了答案，也往往可以排除一些明顯不符合搭配關(guān)系的選項(xiàng)，縮小選擇范圍，提高答案的準(zhǔn)確率

12、。(2010年江西卷)When Alice started to cycle home from Jennys house, she wasnt nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. (36. Besides), it was only a 15-minute ride home. But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadnt been so (37. brave).As she rounded a sharp bend, it suddenly (38. grew) co

13、ldvery cold. Alices breath became puffs of white cloud and her legs were so cold that it became hard to ride.With her heart beating fast, she struggled so hard to move (39. forward) that she didnt hear the car which suddenly appeared beside her. She stopped by the road. The big black car also (40. s

14、topped). Slowly, the passenger-window began to slide down. Alice held her breath. In the soft light inside the car, something (41. moved). Then, the light brightened and Alice was staring at a sweet, grey-haired old lady. “Hello, dear,” said the old lady.“I need (42. help). Im afraid Im lost. I need

15、 to find the nearest airport. I must be there in the next five minutes.”“Airport? You (43. certainly) are lost,” Alice said. “You need to go back five kilometers (44. until) you reach the T-junction. Turn left and (45. drive) for about another 10 kilometers to the main highway. From there, just foll

16、ow the (46. signs) to the airport. But Im afraid theres no 47 youll get there in five minutes!”“Thank you very much, dear,” replied the old lady. “Dont worryIll 48 in time.”47. A. doubt B. room C. time D. way48. A. have itB. get it C. make it D. finish it本文是一篇記敘文。愛(ài)麗絲騎自行車(chē)在寒冷的夜晚從珍妮家艱難地回家。在路上，遇到一位因去機(jī)場(chǎng)而

17、迷路的駕著黑色小車(chē)的老婦人，愛(ài)麗絲盡其所能地幫助了這位老人。 六、利用語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)層次解題完形填空的取材多為完整性、嚴(yán)密性非常好的文章。如果是記敘文，其故事結(jié)構(gòu)完整包括事件的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、發(fā)展以及結(jié)局等。如果是說(shuō)明文，應(yīng)該層次分明、一目了然。如果是議論文，應(yīng)論點(diǎn)明確、論證嚴(yán)密?；谕晷翁羁杖〔牡纳鲜鎏攸c(diǎn)，我們可以從中得知一些解題信息。例如：(2010年安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be (40. easy) to use. The thickness of the pen is the m

18、ost important characteristic (特征) (41. determining) comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a (42. larger) hand and thicker fingers, you may (43. prefer) a fatter pen. The length of a pen can (44. also) influence comfort. A pen that is too

19、(45. long) can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.Then, the writing point of the pen should (46. allow) the ink to flow evenly (均勻地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. (47. This) will make it possible for you to create a (48. smooth) line of writing. The point should also be sensitive en

20、ough to (49. prevent) ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the (50. flow) may leave drops of ink, (51. as) you pick the pen up and put it down again. 52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may (53. compensate for) bad handwriting, but fine, delica

21、te lines do not command (54. attention) next to printed text, as, (55. for example), a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (權(quán)威).52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹的是選購(gòu)鋼筆的一些方法與技巧。七、讀好段落首句，推測(cè)全文內(nèi)容完

22、形填空通常首句不設(shè)空，目的是讓考生迅速進(jìn)入主題，熟悉語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。讀好第一句不僅能把握文章大意，而且能把握住作者的態(tài)度：對(duì)于此事是褒是貶？態(tài)度不同選用的詞匯自然就不同。在讀了第一句后，不妨略作停頓，推測(cè)一下故事的發(fā)展。有了與作者同樣的思路便有了良好的開(kāi)端，避免走彎路?！纠緽ehind our house is the start of a fascinating trail (小徑). This trail is one of the old roads that wind through untold miles of forest. My 36 , Beans, and

23、I walk the trail frequentlyBeans is a white dog, quite handsome and (2010 湖南)36.A. deer B. dog C. ladyD. man【解析】B。根據(jù)第二段第一句Beans is a white dog可判斷選B。短文的第一句話提到作者的房子后面是一條小徑的開(kāi)始。據(jù)此，我們可以推測(cè)出此后的內(nèi)容肯定和這條小徑以及作者的這條狗有關(guān)。八、妙用語(yǔ)境一般來(lái)說(shuō)，完形填空的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞性相同，如都是動(dòng)詞原形、副詞、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們之間在意義上的細(xì)微差異。同時(shí)，一定要把這些選項(xiàng)放到特定的語(yǔ)境里進(jìn)行區(qū)分、辨別，從而選出

24、正確答案?！纠?】 Beans is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . He not only understands what we tell him, but also often makes sounds (2010 湖南)38.A. smart B. sweet C. slow D. shy【例2】Moody faces 34 in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time. (2010 天津)34.A. unemployment B. challenge C.

25、 competition D. retirement 完形填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí) (一) AWhen you make a mistake, big or small, cherish (珍視) it like its the most precious thing in the world. Most of us feel 1 when making mistakes. Thats only natural: we were taught from a young age that we should try to 2 mistakes. We are always 3 when we make mi

26、stakes at home, school or work.Yet without mistakes, we couldnt learn or 4 . If you think about it that way, mistakes should be celebrated for being one of the most 5 things in the world: they make learning possible; they make growth and 6 possible.Think about how we 7 : we dont just get information

27、 about something and instantly know it or know how to do it. You dont 8 read about painting, writing or computer programming, and know how to do them right away. 9 , you get information about something from reading or from another person or from observing usually. Then you 10 a model in your mind. T

28、hen you test it out by 11 it in the real world. Then you make mistakes. Then you revise the 12 according to the results. And you 13 that making mistakes, learning from them 14 youve learned how to do something.Thats how we learn as babies and as 15 .Mistakes happen when we learn to do something 16 b

29、ecause if you succeed at something, its probably something you have already known how to do. You havent really grown much from that 17 at most its the last step on your journey, not the 18 journey. Most of the journey was made up of 19 , if its a good journey.So if you 20 learning, growing and impro

30、ving, then you should celebrate your mistakes, cherish them and smile. 1. A. sick B. strange C. bad D. cold 2.A. hate B. correct C. ignore D. avoid 3.A. examinedB. scolded C. permitted D. disturbed 4.A. grow B. breathe C. live D. work 5.A. worryingB. amazing C. amusing D. shocking 6.A. movementB. ed

31、ucationC. improvementD. construction 7.A. act B. practice C. compete D. learn 8.A. just B. even C. patiently D. carefully 9.A. ThereforeB. Instead C. Besides D. Still10.A. constructB. hireC. check D. recognize11.A. deliveringB. increasingC. tasting D. trying12.A. reason B. modelC. mark D. comment13.

32、A. compareB. prepare C. repeat D. forget14.A. until B. if C. unless D. although15.A. teachersB. adultsC. men D. women16.A. easy B. similar C. popular D. new17.A. distanceB. directionC. success D. state18.A. whole B. same C. first D. different 19.A. mistakesB. experimentsC. evidences D. goals20.A. in

33、vite B. meet C. refuse D. Value B“Can I see my baby?” the happy new mother asked. When she looked upon his tiny 1 , tears filled her eyes. The baby had been born without ears. 2 , however, proved that the babys hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was marred (損壞). When he 3 home from

34、 school one day and cried in his mothers arms, she sighed, 4 that his life was to be a series of heartbreaks. He cried out, “A big boy called me a freak (畸形人).” He grew up, handsome and a favorite with his fellow students. He might have been class president, but for that. The boys father had a 5 wit

35、h the family doctor. “I believe I could transplant a pair of outer ears, 6 they could be acquired,” said the doctor. Thus, the 7 began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, “You are going to the hospital, Son. Someone will 8 the ears,” said the father

36、. The operation was a 9 . Later he finished college and 10 the government department.One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me so much? I could 11 do enough for him or her.” “I dont 12 you could,” said the father, “ 13 the agreement was that you are not to know, not yet.” The years kept their 14 ,

37、but the day did come, one of the 15 days. He stood with his father over his mothers casket (棺材). 16 , the father raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to show the mother had no 17 . “Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be 18 ,” he whispered gently, “and nobody ever thought Mother less 19

38、.” Real beauty lies not in the physical appearance, but in the heart. Real 20 lies not in what is done and known, but in what is done but not known. 1. A. leg B. face C. feet D. hands 2. A. TimeB. Space C. Theory D. News 3. A. traveledB. approachedC. drove D. rushed 4. A. hearingB. knowingC. agreein

39、g D. allowing 5.A. party B. quarrel C. deal D. talk 6.A. unlessB. ifC. although D. since 7.A. searchB. examinationC. program D. interview 8.A. lose B. check C. donate D. collect 9.A. decisionB. preparationC. reward D. success10.A. escapedB. accepted C. enteredD. continued11.A. onceB. neverC. sometim

40、es D. always12. A. believe B. show C. suggest D. approve13.A. or B. since C. but D. so14.A. realityB. purpose C. promise D. secret15.A. shortestB. darkestC. warmest D. safest16.A. GentlyB. Quickly C. Gradually D. Immediately17.A. voices B. hairs C. ears D. eyes18.A. pulled B. found C. washed D. cut1

41、9.A. beautifulB. active C. skillfulD. confident20. A. donation B. success C. love D. life CEvery morning a woman baked chapati, a kind of Indian bread, for her family and an extra one for a hungry passer-by. She would 1 place the extra chapati on the windowsill, for whoever needed it.She 2 a hunchba

42、ck (駝背者) came every day and took the extra chapati. Instead of 3 gratitude, he would mutter (咕噥) the words: “The evil you do remains with you. The good you do comes back to you!” This 4 day after day. The woman felt 5 . “Not a word of gratitude and every day he mutters these words! What does he 6 ?”

43、One day she decided to take action. “I shall 7 this rude man,” she said. She added 8 to the chapati she prepared for him! As she was about to place it on the windowsill, her hands 9 . Immediately, she threw it into the fire and prepared another one. 10 , the hunchback came, 11 the chapati and mutter

44、ed the same words. He was totally 12 the war in the mind of the woman.Every day, as the woman placed the chapati on the window, she 13 for her son who had gone to a distant place to seek his fortune. For many months she had no 14 of him.That evening, there was a 15 on the door. As she opened it, she

45、 was 16 to find her son standing there. He had grown thin and weak. Looking at his mother he said, “Mom, its a miracle Im here. While I was a mile away, I was so hungry that I fell down. I would have died, 17 an old hunchback passed by. He was 18 enough to give me a whole chapati.”As the mother hear

46、d those words, her face turned 19 . She remembered the poisoned chapati that she had made that morning. It was then that she realized the 20 of the words: “The evil you do remains with you. The good you do comes back to you!” 1. A. alwaysB. sometimesC. never D. also 2.A. rememberedB. wondered C. not

47、icedD. thought 3. A. publishingB. teaching C. impressing D. expressing 4.A. passed onB. went on C. went offD. pulled up 5.A. interestedB. nervous C. alive D. angry 6.A. mean B. speak C. have D. want 7.A. get used toB. get rid of C. get hold of D. get on with 8.A. sauce B. stone C. sand D. poison 9.A

48、. scratchedB. brokeC. trembledD. hurt10.A. For a whileB. As usual C. By the way D. As a result11.A. turned upB. picked up C. looked up D. gave up12.A. unaware ofB. unheard ofC. exposed to D. capable of13.A. pushed B. sent C. called D. prayed14.A. truthB. understandingC. news D. knowledge15.A. pictur

49、eB. knockC. notice D. message16.A. surprisedB. frightened C. awkwardD. determined17.A. when B. for C. if D. but 18. A. kind B. strange C. happy D. lucky 19.A. blank B. pink C. pale D. red20.A. significanceB. situation C. origin D. Outcome D One day while I was walking to work, I decided to bring som

50、e flowers that I had picked from my garden that morning. I came across a stranger, and was inspired to give the 1 to him with a smile card. 2 by the sense of joy I felt from giving flowers to another person, and maybe 3 his day, I wanted to do it again.When I got to my 4 , I had the idea of anonymou

51、sly (匿名地) 5 flowers around the place. Sometimes the 6 of the building where I work numbs my spirits a little. Its a nice building with great light, 7 it just feels a little boring sometimes. I figured lots of people might 8 the same way, so why not put a little 9 there, and throw in an inspirational

52、 quote (引述) while Im good at it? 10 , who doesnt like flowers? So, for the past month, Ive been 11 flowers in a little cup on the sink in the bathroom. Each week, I 12 the flowers and the quote. It always feels 13 for me to read quotes like Gandhis “The fragrance always 14 on the hand that gives the rose.” If anything, it at least makes me smile each time I visit the 15 . Then today, when I wa