中考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)七 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理（一） 初中階段需要掌握的8種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式+其他一般過(guò)去時(shí)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他一般將來(lái)時(shí)主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)（第一人稱(chēng) I /we）+shall + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +v. ing + 其他過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語(yǔ)+was/ were +v. ing + 其他現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他過(guò)去完成時(shí)主語(yǔ) + had + 過(guò)去分詞+其他過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)主語(yǔ) + would +

2、動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ) + was/were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形注意：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)在課文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)，學(xué)生可作基本了解。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成： 主語(yǔ)+ have/ has + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞+其他（二）時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用及動(dòng)詞變化形式考點(diǎn)1：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法用法例句表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與always，often，sometimes，usually, never, twice a month, every day等頻率副詞或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I often go to school at seven. 我經(jīng)常在七點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)。We visit Uncle L

3、iu every month. 我們每月都去看望劉叔叔。表示客觀事實(shí)或 普遍真理。The sun rises in the east. 太陽(yáng)在東方升起。在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will leave. 如果明天不下雨我將離開(kāi)。go，come，leave，arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示計(jì)劃、安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The train for Beijing leaves at 5: 30. 開(kāi)往北京的火車(chē)5: 30離開(kāi)。2. 句式變換含有be動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞肯定句式主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +其他主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

4、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)+其他否定句主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +not +其他主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)句Am /Is / Are+主語(yǔ)+其他？Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+其他？考點(diǎn)2：一般過(guò)去時(shí)1. 用法: 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 2. 構(gòu)成： was/were+表語(yǔ)； 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式3. 標(biāo)志詞： a moment ago, just now, ago, last night/week/month/year., yesterday例如：I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。 His uncle went to Beijing las

5、t week. 上周他的叔叔去了北京。4. 句式變換含有be動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞肯定句式主語(yǔ)+was/were +其他主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他否定句主語(yǔ)+was/were +其他主語(yǔ)+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)句Was/Were +主語(yǔ)+其他Did+主語(yǔ)+其他？注：在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 例如： He said he would not go if it rained. 他說(shuō)如果下雨他就不去了?？键c(diǎn)3：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 用法：（1）表示現(xiàn)在（說(shuō)話瞬間）正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：They are watching TV now. 他們現(xiàn)在正在看電視。Listen! The b

6、ird is singing in the tree. 聽(tīng)！鳥(niǎo)兒正在樹(shù)上唱歌（2）表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例：She is working in a factory. 她正在一家工廠工作。（3）表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come，go，leave，arrive等常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 例：Im coming. 我這就來(lái)。 We are leaving tomorrow. 我們將明天離開(kāi)。（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always，all the time等副詞或短語(yǔ)連用常表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情。例：Alice is always thinking of others. 艾麗

7、斯總是想著別人。2. 構(gòu)成及句式變換構(gòu)成be(am/is/are) +動(dòng)詞-ing肯定句主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他否定句主語(yǔ)+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他疑問(wèn)句Be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他3. 常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：now, Look! Listen! These days, at this moment, what are you doing,?考點(diǎn)4：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成肯定句：S+ was (were) + v. -ing+其他否定句：S+ was (were) + not + v. -ing+其他一般疑問(wèn)句：Was (Were) + S + v. -ing+其他用法表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某

8、一時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。（動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表明）常用的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞at 9: 00 a. m. yesterday; at this time last night；from seven to nine; when, while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句【注意】(1)在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，延續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park. 在公園散步的時(shí)候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。(2)表示兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻同時(shí)進(jìn)行

9、，不考慮動(dòng)作的先后順序，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，連詞常用while。例如：The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework. 學(xué)生們?cè)诳磿?shū)，而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)?？键c(diǎn)5： 一般將來(lái)時(shí)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：（1）will +動(dòng)詞原形(主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)也可用shall +動(dòng)詞原形)（2）be (am, is, are) going to +動(dòng)詞原形2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：（1）表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與tomorrow, soon, later, next tim

10、e, in+一段時(shí)間等連用。例如： Ill start tomorrow. 我明天動(dòng)身。（2）“be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”用于表示主觀上打算將來(lái)要做某事，這種打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事情。例如：She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress. 她買(mǎi)了一些布，準(zhǔn)備為自己做一件連衣裙。【注意】一般將來(lái)時(shí)的其他表達(dá)方式(1)“be +doing”表示按計(jì)劃安排好的事情，常與少量表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如go，come，start，move，leave等連用Im leaving fo

11、r Beijing tomorrow. 明天我就要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本┝恕?2)在表示車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等的進(jìn)出時(shí)間時(shí)，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)My plane will take off/takes off at 6: 30 a. m. 我乘坐的飛機(jī)將在早上6: 30起飛?？键c(diǎn)6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成： have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 2. 用法:（1）表示說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，常與already，yet， in the past few years等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 例：I have seen the film already. 我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。（已知電影內(nèi)容）（2

12、）表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與by now，so far，since, for等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用I have studied in the school since 2009. 自從2009年我就在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。3. 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)描述一個(gè)從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示的是一段時(shí)間時(shí)，句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化對(duì)照表：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞borrow/lendkeepdiebe deadopenbe openclosebe closedbuyhavejoinbe in

13、/a member ofleavebe away (from)finish/endbe overbegin/startbe onarrive/comebe here/ incatch/get a coldhave a coldmarrybe married4. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別區(qū)別例句一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純的敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去，與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用Tom lived in Beijing two years ago. 兩年前湯姆住在北京。（不知道現(xiàn)在是否還住在北京）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖然是發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但是對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響Tom has lived in B

14、eijing for two years. 湯姆住在北京兩年了。（現(xiàn)在湯姆仍然還在北京）考點(diǎn)7. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞2. 用法：（1）表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作（即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”）。因此使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)必須以過(guò)去某一時(shí)間作為前提，通常用by, before短語(yǔ)或when, before, after, until等引導(dǎo)的從句來(lái)表示。例如： After the sun had set, we decided to return home. 太陽(yáng)落山以后，我們決定回家。（2）用于賓語(yǔ)從句，從句表示在主句以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 She wondered who

15、 had left the door open. 她想知道是誰(shuí)讓門(mén)開(kāi)著的。（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法相同，只是作為衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間不同；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是以現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)刻作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)是以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)He has travelled to most of the cities in China in the past five years. 五年來(lái)他已經(jīng)游遍了中國(guó)的大多數(shù)城市。When we got there, the football match had already started. 當(dāng)我們趕到那里時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了?？键c(diǎn)8.

16、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成：would + 動(dòng)詞原形 should + 動(dòng)詞原形 was/were + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形(2)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：用法例句表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中；常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有two days later, the next week, the following day等Tom said he would come. 湯姆說(shuō)他要來(lái)的。Linda said she was going to see her aunt. 琳達(dá)說(shuō)她打算去看她的姑媽。Mr. Green told us we were going to

17、 have a party at the weekend. 格林先生告訴我們周末我們要辦一個(gè)晚會(huì)?！咀⒁狻吭谟蒳f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，if從句只能用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：They said that they would go fishing if it didnt rain the next day. 【巧學(xué)妙記】should, would加原形，“過(guò)去將來(lái)”就構(gòu)成。過(guò)去將來(lái)不獨(dú)立，經(jīng)常用于“賓從句”。過(guò)去認(rèn)為將發(fā)生，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)用。過(guò)去將來(lái)不單行，只可用于從句中?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】 1. I saw Sam and David on the playground y

18、esterday afternoon. They _games with their classmates then. A. play B. will play C. are playing C. were playing2. John always _others when they are in trouble. A. help B. was helping C. helps D. helped3. Where is Mr Black? I have something important to tell him. You cant find him. He _ Hong Kong. A.

19、 will go to B. would go to C. has gone to D. has been to4.Have you ever been to Shanghai? Yes. I _ there a few months ago. A. have been B. went C. have gone D. go5. Shall we go shopping now? Sorry, I cant. I _my shirts. A. wash B. am washing C. washed D. have washed7. Bob _the plants while his fathe

20、r was cooking dinner. A. will water B. was watering C. is watering D. has watered8. I _ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. left B. went away from C. have left D. have been away from9. There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _ nothing on it. A. have; has B. we

21、re; was C. were; is D. has; has10. I called you at 4: 00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. Sorry, I _ with my friends at that time. A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming11. Do you have any plans for tonight? Yes, I _at the new Italian restaurant in town. A. eat B. have eaten C. ate D.

22、 am going to eat12. I dont know if Eric _this Sunday. If he _here, Ill call you at once.A. will come; will come B. come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; comes13. John and I _to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone14. I _football quite well, but

23、I havent had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play15. Look on the bright side of the life, and imagine that you _ a happy and successful future. A. had B. will have C. have D. have had16. We _all our money on the clothes, so lets walk home now.A. have spent B

24、. spend C. spent D. are spending17. Dont disturb Allen now. He _for the Spelling Bee competition.A. prepares B. prepared C. is preparing D. will prepare18. Stop smoking, Joe! You _(kill) yourself if you keep on doing it like that.19. They _ friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have madeB. have beco

25、meC. have beenD. have had20. We all know that ice _.A. feel coldB. is felt soldC. is feeling coldD. feels cold【鏈接中考】1. (2017.泰安) With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _in our families in the future.A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. is appearing2. (2017. 煙臺(tái)) Look at my new

26、 smart phone. Wow, its so cool. When and where _you _buy it.A. do; buy B. have; bought C. did; buy D. have; had3. （2017.菏澤）She _ ten years ago You mean she _ him for ten years？ A. married； has got married to B. got married； has got married with

27、C. got married； has been married with D. got married； has been married to4. (2017.萊蕪) I didnt see your father yesterday when I went to your house.Oh, he _strawberries on the farm.A. Picks B. picked C. was picking D. has picked5. (2017. 濰坊) A little effort every day, you _a big difference .A. makes B

28、. made C. have made D. will make6. (2017.日照) New media, like WeChat, _the way of communications nowadays.A. are changing B. will change C. changed D. were changing 7. (2017.東營(yíng)) Since I came here, I _(discover) something else interesting. In the future, I _(go) to many other parts of China.、8. (2017.

29、四川) Did you hear someone knocks at the door just now? Sorry, I _ to my friend on the phone.9. (2016.濱州) A truth friend r_ for your hands and touches your heart.10. (2015.東營(yíng)) while he_ (prepare) for the race, he fell ill suddenly and was sent to the hospital.11. （2014.東營(yíng)動(dòng)詞填空）It was 7:30 in the evenin

30、g, she (1)_ still_(work) in the fields. She is much busier than my father. Every day she (2)_(get) up early at 4:00 in the morning, and keeps on working till evening. One day I (3)_(call) her at eight in the evening. She said, “Ive just got home from the vineyard and (4)_(not have) supper yet. I (5)

31、_(wash) the clothes now.”12. (2013.東營(yíng)）The Dongying-Hainan airline for about 5 months. I have taken the flights three times. A. is open B. has openedC. has been openD. has been opened13. （2012.東營(yíng)）There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would you like to go? A. is B. areC. will be

32、D. will have14. （2010.東營(yíng)） “Ill pay him as soon as he the TV set to my home.” said the man. A. sendsB. sentC. is sendingD. will send15. （2014.聊城）May I speak to Ann? Sorry, she isnt in. She _France. A. has gone to B. has been to C. was going to D. goes to 16. (2011.東營(yíng)) I_( wait) for the elevator when

33、I heard the man call.17. (2010.淄博) Peter usually w_ his clothes on weekends.18. (2013. 青島）An advertisement sometimes _(lead) customers to buy something they dont need at all.19. （2013.濱州）Shall I tell Tom the good news? No, you neednt. I _(tell) him already.20. (2016.北京) A new road _(built) near my s

34、chool next year. 專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)八 語(yǔ)態(tài)縱觀近幾年?yáng)|營(yíng)的中考試題，語(yǔ)態(tài)題大多以動(dòng)詞填空形式出現(xiàn)，很少出現(xiàn)在單選。動(dòng)詞填空中幾乎每年都考察到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的題，多涉及到一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！净A(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理】考點(diǎn)1 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。?？急粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天都打掃。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+was/were+過(guò)去分詞Our school was built in 1998

35、. 我們的學(xué)校在1998年建造。一般將來(lái)時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+will+be+過(guò)去分詞The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)明天舉行。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+has/have +been+過(guò)去分詞The bank has been built. 銀行已經(jīng)建成了。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+ would + be +過(guò)去分詞Ann told me she would be sent to America. 安告訴我她將被派往美國(guó)。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞The bike cant be put here. 這輛自行車(chē)不能被放在這里。二、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)

36、態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 第一步：先確定主動(dòng)句的主、謂、賓，找出其中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 第二步：把主動(dòng)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，若賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞，應(yīng)把賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘛?第三步：把主動(dòng)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤爸鷦?dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”，但時(shí)態(tài)不能改變。 第四步：把主動(dòng)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中介詞by的賓語(yǔ)（沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)可省略），若主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)把主格變?yōu)橘e格?？键c(diǎn)2 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式 1. 主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make/let/have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式符號(hào)to。例如We s

37、aw an alien get out of the UFO. An alien was seen to get out of the UFO. 【注意點(diǎn)】后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)部分不變。對(duì)比：We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room. Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room. 2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)）時(shí)，（1）把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)不變。例如： He gave me a new book. I was given a new book by

38、him. (2)把直接賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)不變。例如： He gave me a new book. A new book was given to me by him. 3. 句中謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要注意其完整性。 Jack turned on the TV just now. The TV was turned on by Jack just now. 4. 帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只須把賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)仍保留在原處，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如： Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once. We

39、 were told to clean the classroom at once by our teacher. 5. 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)(1) feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。例如： The dishes smell so delicious. 菜聞起來(lái)真香。 Your idea sounds better. 你的主意聽(tīng)起來(lái)更好。 (2)有些動(dòng)詞，如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等，作為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。例如： Books of Harry Pott

40、er sell well. 哈利·波特系列的書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo)。 My pen writes smoothly. 我的鋼筆寫(xiě)起字來(lái)很流暢。(3) sth. need/ want/ require doing相當(dāng)于 sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))。例如： Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房間需要打掃了。(4) be worth doing(值得做) 中的doing表示被動(dòng)含義。 The movie is worth watching by eve

41、ryone. 這部電影值得所有人看一看。6. 不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況(1)系動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞或某些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 例如：come true; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等；(2)主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)是不定式或doing時(shí)不能用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；(3)反身代詞或each other不能作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。7. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別 “be + p. p. ”表示動(dòng)作時(shí)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；“be + p. p. ”表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)時(shí)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)含有“by + 賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，此時(shí)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： The window is broken. 窗戶(hù)

42、壞了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） The window is broken by me. 窗戶(hù)是我打破的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） (2)句中有地點(diǎn)、頻率或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： The door was closed. 門(mén)是關(guān)著的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） The door was closed at 9: 00. 九點(diǎn)鐘關(guān)的門(mén)。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） (3)系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常用介詞搭配，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中沒(méi)有介詞搭配。例如： Were worried about the boy. 我們擔(dān)心那個(gè)男孩。(4)系表結(jié)構(gòu)的過(guò)去分詞可以被副詞修飾。例如： Im really surprised at the news. 我對(duì)這個(gè)消息真的感到很驚訝。

43、(5)系表結(jié)構(gòu)通常只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】1. A football match between Class Two and Class Three _ tomorrow afternoon. A. is held B. was held C. must be held D. will be held2. Look at that sign. Smoking _ here. A. isnt allowed B. doesnt allow C. arent allowed D. dont allow3. Im glad to find that many

44、 trees _ in our city last year. A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted4.Lets play computer games this evening. It _ good. A. sounds B. feels C. tastes D. smells5. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many people _. A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were saved6. Were very glad

45、to know that a great sports meeting _ in Guiyang this September. A. will hold B. will be held C. will be hold D. holds7. In many places in China, the old over 90 _ not only by their family but also by the government. A. is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are t

46、aken good care8. At last the boy was made _ and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying D. stop to cry9. You should have to stay behind if your homework _ before five oclock. A. isnt done B. wont be done C. doesnt do D. wasnt done10. Have you moved into the house? Not yet.

47、 The rooms _.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting.11. Two months after beginning the new work hours, good results _(report) in Jinan.12. Andrew worked hard and helped the company get a lot of money. So he _(give) a raise by his boss.13. All the classes _ (teach) in

48、English, because the pupils _(speak) English since the age of six.14. Maybe somebody will give your purse back after it _ (find)15. when and where to build the new one _(not decide) yet.【鏈接中考】1. (2017.臨沂) They have collected more than 14,000 books since the library _last month. A. built B. was built

49、 C. builds D. is built2. (2017.青島) Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they _ to drive a car.A. are allowed B. allowed C. will be allowed D. allow3. (2017.萊蕪) More schools in Laiwu_to provide children with better education in a few years.A. built B. are built C. were built D. will be built 4. (

50、2017.泰安) As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _ in more and more schools out of our country.A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught5.（2017. 河北）Hangzhou _as the City of silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there. A. knows B. is known C. was known C. will be known6.（2017. 安徽）Mr.

51、Green _to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites7.（2017. 上海）The museum _next month to celebrate the Science &Technology Festival. A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated 8.（2017. 北京）The mobile phone _i

52、n 1973. A. invents B. id invented C. invented D. was invented 9. (2016.菏澤) When you go abroad, youll find that so many products in local shops _in China. A. made B. have made C. are made D. make10. (2011.濟(jì)寧) China has offered much help to Japan since it _by the earthquake and tsunami(海嘯). A. hits B.

53、 is hit C. was hit D. will be hit11.( 2015 .湖北) How often do I need to feed the dog?lt _ food every day, or it will be hungry.A. must give B. must be give C. must gave D. must be given12.（2017.東營(yíng)）British people _(tell) not to make any kind of bodily noise at the dinner table when they are still children.13.（2016