2014中考英語近義詞解析

1、2014中考英語近義詞解析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復數(shù)，cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount 后接不可數(shù)名詞，number 后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students4. family, house, homeho

2、me 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相機拍攝的照片，picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫的畫Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 詞匯，一個人擁有的單

3、詞量，word 具體的單詞 He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 人口，人數(shù)，people 具體的人 China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate 長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑take this road; in

4、the street, Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 課程(可包括多門科目)，subject 科目(具體的學科)a summer course12. custom, habitcustom 傳統(tǒng)風俗，習俗，也可指生活習慣，后接 to do，habit 生活習慣，習慣成自然，后接 of doing.I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用來

5、解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 運動，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises 練習(可數(shù))，practice(反復做的)練習。Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“課”解時，兩者可以替換。指課文用 lesson. 指班級或全體學生用 class. Lesson 6; Class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech 指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準備的較正式的演

6、說，talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學術性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on 17. officer, officialofficer 部隊的軍官，official 政府官員 an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)，job 可數(shù) a good job。19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或動物，pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry 側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation 指人民，國

7、民，民族，state 側(cè)重指政府，政體，land 國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook 廚師，cooker 廚具 He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesdamage 不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失; damages 復數(shù)形式，賠償金 $900 damages23. police, policemanpolice 警察的總稱，后接復數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioningeveryone in the house.24

8、. problem, questionproblem 常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為 think about, solve, raise，question 常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer 連用。25. man, a manman 人類，a man 一個男人 Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken 還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph當電報解時，telegram 指具體的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram, by tele

9、graph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍長的旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip29. sport, gamesport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game 指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.30. price, prizeprice 價格，prize 獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.31. a numbe

10、r of, the number ofa number of 許多，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。the number of 的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number ofstudents is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day 每一天的，當時的，當代的，of a day 暫時的，不長久的 a famous scientist o

11、f the day34. three of us, the three of usthree of us 我們(不止三個)中的三個，the three of us 我們?nèi)齻€(就三個人)The three of us- Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus 表范圍 They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment 暫時，一時 Thin

12、king for a moment, he agreed.37. next year, the next yearnext year 明年，將來時間狀語，the next year 第二年，過去將來時間狀語He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year 一年多，more than one year 超過一年(兩年或三年等)39. take advice, take the(one's) advicetake advice 征求意見，take

13、 the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air 傳播，走漏，take the air 到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word 總之，一句話， in words 口頭上 In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of 代替，in the place of 在地方 A

14、new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語;in the secret 知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl 一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chai

15、rtake a chair 相當于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 開始開會46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of 管理，負責照料， in the charge of 由照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.51. in class, in the classin class 在課上，in the class 在班級里 He is the best stud

16、ent in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon fire 著火, on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.53. out of question, out of the questionout of question 毫無疑問的，out of the question 不可能的54. a second, the seconda second 又一，再一，the second 第 He won the second prize.55. by day, by the day

17、by day 白天，by the day 按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.56. the people, a peoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57. it, oneit 同一物體，one 同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.58. that, thisthat 指代上文所提到的，this 導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why .59. none, nothing

18、, no onenone 強調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one 強調(diào)有沒有，nothing 指物，no one 指人- How many / How much ? - None.60. anyone, any oneanyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人物均可，可接 of any one of you61. who, whatwho 指姓名或關系，what 指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.62. what, whichwhat 的選擇基礎是無限制的，which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進行選擇Which do you prefer,

19、bananas or apples?63. other, anotherother 后接名詞復數(shù)，another 后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student64. not a little, not a bitnot a little 非常，not a bit 一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。65. many, much, a lot ofmany 和可數(shù)名詞連用，much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句I haven't many books.66. much more

20、 than, many more thanmuch more than 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more than 后接可數(shù)名詞 many morepeople, much more water, much more beautiful67. no, notno = not a/any no friend = not a/any friend no water = not any water68. no more than, not more thanno more than 相當于 only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過69. majority, mostm

21、ajority 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most 可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfby oneself 單獨的，獨自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動的 The door opened of itself.71. at all, after allat all 根本，全然, after all 到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.72. tall, hightall 常指人或動物

22、，high 常指物體 He is tall.73. fast, quicklyfast 側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly 側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快run fast, answer the question quickly74. high, highlyhigh 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of75. healthy, healthfulhealthy 健康的，健壯的，healthful 有益于健康的 healthful exercise76. sleeping, asleep, sleepysleeping 正在睡覺，asleep 睡

23、著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.77. gold, goldengold 指真金制品，golden 指金色的，但金魚用 gold fish, a gold ring78. most, mostlymost 用于表感受的肯定句中，相當于 very，當大部分，大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞，mostly 大部分，是副詞 most people, the people are mostly 79. just, veryjust 表強調(diào)時是副詞，作狀語，very 表強調(diào)時是形容詞，用作定語

24、 the very man, just the man80. wide, broadwide 側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad 側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders81. real, truereal 真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合real gold, a true story82. respectful, respectablerespectful 尊敬，有禮貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副詞，

25、表示向外，外面，outward 還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage84. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant 常用作定語，pleased, pleasing 常用作表語，pleased 主語常為人，pleasing 主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85. understanding, understandableunderstanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的an understanding girl, an understandable

26、mistake86. close, closelyclose 接近，靠近，closely 緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close87. ill, sickill 做表語，sick 定，表均可 a sick boy88. good, wellgood 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.89. quiet, silent, stillquiet 安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent 不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動，still 完全不動，完全無聲響He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。9

27、0. hard, hardlyhard 努力，hardly 幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.91. able, capableable 與不定式 to do 連用，capable 與 of 連用 He is capable of doing 92. almost, nearly二者均為“幾乎,差不多”和否定詞連用用 almost almost nobody93. late, latelylate 遲，晚，lately 最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.94. living, alive, live, livel

28、yliving, alive, live 均為活著的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語后置，live 只能做定語，lively 意為活波的 all the living people = all the people alive95. excited, excitingexcited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.96. deep, deeplydeep 具體的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep97. aloud, loudaloud 出聲地，

29、loud 大聲地 read aloud (出聲地讀)98. worth, worthy二者均為值得，worth 后接 doing，worthy 后接 to be done126. care about, care forcare about 關心，計較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for 關心，照料，喜歡，愿意He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.99  catch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold 不能和表示“一段時間”的狀語連用，而 have a

30、cold 可以She has had a cold for a week.100. change for, change intochange for 調(diào)換成，change into 變成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.101. continue, last二者均為持續(xù)，continue 主動，被動均可，last 只能用主動The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.102. feed, raisefeed 喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng)

31、 (to give food to)，raise 飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children)raise the family103. go for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor 去請醫(yī)生，go to a doctor 去看病104. notice, observe, catch sight ofnotice 注意到，observe 觀察，仔細地看，catch sight of 突然看到 observe the stars105. insist on, stick toinsist on 堅持要求，后常接 d

32、oing, stick to 堅持, 后常接 sth., stick to the plan106. look, seem, appearlook 指從外表上看，seem 指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear 指給人以表面的印象 appear wise,look like his father107. gather, collectgather 把分散的東西集中到一起，collect 指精心地、有選擇地進行收集 collect stamps108. mean to do, mean doingmean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味著By this I mean giv

33、ing the students more practice.109. die from, die ofdie from 表示死于(槍)傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of 表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold110. pay for, pay back, pay offpay for 為付錢，pay back 還錢，但不一定還清，pay off 還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt111. divide, separatedivide 把一個整體分成幾部分，separate 把連在一起的個體分開divide the apple, separate the houses112. arrive, get, reacharrive 不及物動詞，后接 in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get 不及物