靜電紡絲論文：靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備La_2M_2O_7(M=Ti,Zr,Sn)：RE(3+)納米帶與發(fā)光性質(zhì)研究

1、 靜電紡絲論文：靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備La_2M_2O_7（M=Ti，Zr，Sn）：RE(3+)納米帶與發(fā)光性質(zhì)研究【中文摘要】低維納米材料作為器件和材料的基本構(gòu)成單元對(duì)集成電路和功能性元件的構(gòu)筑,將起到十分重要的作用,其制備和加工是納米技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分。靜電紡絲技術(shù)因其高效、操作簡(jiǎn)單等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來(lái)已成為制備無(wú)機(jī)氧化物低維納米材料的重要方法之一。La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn)本身具有的光學(xué)透明性,稀土離子摻雜La2M2O7(M=Ti,Zr, Sn)的納米發(fā)光材料也受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。因此,采用靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備稀土離子摻雜La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn)低維納米發(fā)光材料將是

2、一個(gè)有意義、重要的研究課題。本文中以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和無(wú)機(jī)鹽為原料,通過(guò)溶膠-凝膠過(guò)程制備出具有一定粘度的前驅(qū)體溶膠,并采用靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備了PVP/無(wú)機(jī)鹽復(fù)合纖維及復(fù)合納米帶,經(jīng)過(guò)熱處理得到了La2Ti2O7：Eu3+納米纖維、納米帶,La2Zr2O7納米纖維,La2Zr207:RE3+(RE=Er, Yb/Er)納米帶、納米纖維,La2Zr207:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)納米纖維,La2Sn2O7納米纖維,采用TG-DTA、XRD、FTIR、FESEM、TEM、UV-Vis和熒光光譜等技術(shù)對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果表明,所制備的稀土離子摻雜的La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr)納米帶為納米短棒

3、或粒子組成,寬厚比大,平均帶寬3-5m,厚度約90-140nm。所制備的稀土離子摻雜的La2M2O7(M=Zr, Sn)納米纖維尺寸均一,彼此沒(méi)有交聯(lián),沒(méi)有斷裂,纖維直徑平均為140-180 nm。獲得了一些有意義的研究結(jié)果,為進(jìn)一步深入研究稀土離子摻雜的La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn)發(fā)光或者上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光低維納米材料的性質(zhì)奠定了一定的基礎(chǔ)?！居⑽恼縇ow-dimensional nanomaterials are the basic component unit of devices and materials, which will play an important role

4、 in building integrated circuits and functional devices. The preparation and processing of low-dimensional nanomaterials have become key components in the field of nanotechnology. In recent years, electrospinning technology has been proved to be one of the effective methods to prepare inorganic oxid

5、es low-dimensional nanomaterials owing to its high efficiency, simple operation and so on. La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn) are important matrixes for luminescence due to its optical transparency. Recently, Low-dimensional La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn) luminescent nanomaterials have also aroused a lot of concern from

6、scientists. Therefore, fabrication of rare earth ions-doped La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn) low-dimensional luminescent nanomaterials via electrospinning will be a meaningful subject of significance.In this dissertation, sol-gel process was applied to prepare the precursor sol of certain viscosity using PVP a

7、nd various inorganic salts as starting materials, and electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/inorganic salts composite nanofibers and composite nanobelts. La2Ti2O7:Eu3+nanobelts and nanofibers, La2Zr2O7 nanofibers, La2Zr207:RE3+(RE=Er, Yb/Er) nanobelts and nanofibers, La2Zr207:RE3+(RE=E

8、u, Tb) nanofibers, La2Zr2O7 nanofibers were fabricated by calcination of the as-prepared composite nanofibers and composite nanobelts. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR

9、), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that as-prepared rare earth ions-doped La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr) nanobelts with large width-to-thickness ratios were compo

10、sed of nanorods or nanoparticles, the width of nanobelts were 0.45-5m, and the thickness were ca.90-140 nm. The diameters of as-prepared rare earth ions-doped La2M2O7(M=Zr, Sn) nanofibers were in narrow range, and there is no cross-linking among nanofibers, and the diameter was about 140-180 nm. Som

11、e meaningful results were obtained, and laid solid foundation for the future study of luminescence or up-conversion luminescence of rare earth ions-doped La2M2O7(M=Ti, Zr, Sn) low-dimensional nanomaterials.【關(guān)鍵詞】靜電紡絲 納米帶 納米纖維 La2M2O7（M=Ti,Zr,Sn） 發(fā)光材料 稀土離子【英文關(guān)鍵詞】Electrospinning Nanobelt Nanofiber La2M

12、2O7（M=Ti,Zr,Sn） Phosphors materials Rare-earth ions【目錄】靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備La_2M_2O_7（M=Ti，Zr，Sn）：RE(3+)納米帶與發(fā)光性質(zhì)研究摘要4-5ABSTRACT5目錄6-9第一章 緒論9-27§1.1 納米材料10-111.1.1 納米材料的涵義和分類101.1.2 納米材料的特性10-111.1.3 納米材料的應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)介11§1.2 靜電紡絲技術(shù)11-151.2.1 靜電紡絲技術(shù)的基本原理12-131.2.2 靜電紡絲技術(shù)的影響因素131.2.3 靜電紡絲技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與展望13-15§1.3 La

13、_2M_2O_7(M=Ti,Zr,Sn)材料的研究進(jìn)展15-241.3.1 層狀鈣鈦礦型La_2Ti_2O_7的研究進(jìn)展15-201.3.2 La_2M_2O_7(M=Zr,Sn)的研究進(jìn)展20-24§1.4 稀土發(fā)光材料24-261.4.1 稀土發(fā)光過(guò)程251.4.2 稀土離子的發(fā)光特點(diǎn)251.4.3 常見(jiàn)稀土發(fā)光材料25-26§1.5 本文研究的目的和意義26-27第二章 實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑、儀器與表征方法27-29§2.1 主要實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑27§2.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器27§2.3 表征方法27-292.3.1 差熱-熱重(TG-DTA)分析272.3.2 X

14、射線衍射(XRD)分析27-282.3.3 紅外光譜(FTIR)分析282.3.4 場(chǎng)發(fā)射環(huán)境掃描電子顯微鏡(FESEM)分析282.3.5 透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)分析282.3.6 熒光分譜分析28-29第三章 La_2Ti_2O_7:Eu(3+)納米帶、納米纖維、粒子的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)29-46§3.1 概述29§3.2 La_2Ti_2O_7:Eu(3+)納米帶的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)29-373.2.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分293.2.2 結(jié)果與討論29-363.2.3 小結(jié)36-37§3.3 La_2Ti_2O_7:Eu(3+)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)37-423.3.1

15、實(shí)驗(yàn)部分373.3.2 結(jié)果與討論37-423.3.3 小結(jié)42§3.4 La_2Ti_2O_7:Eu(3+)顆粒的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)42-463.4.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分42-433.4.2 結(jié)果與討論43-453.4.3 小結(jié)45-46第四章 La_2Zr_2O_7納米纖維的制備、表征與光催化性質(zhì)46-53§4.1 概述46§4.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分464.2.1 前驅(qū)體溶液的配制464.2.2 靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備復(fù)合纖維464.2.3 La_2Zr_2O_7納米纖維的制備46§4.3 結(jié)果與討論46-524.3.1 熱分析46-474.3.2 X射線衍射分析47-484

16、.3.3 紅外光譜分析484.3.4 場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電鏡分析48-504.3.5 催化性質(zhì)研究50-52§4.4 本章小結(jié)52-53第五章 La_2Zr_2O_7:RE(3+)(RE=Er,Yb/Er)納米帶、納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)53-66§5.1 概述53§5.2 La_2Zr_2O_7:Er(3+)納米帶的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)53-565.2.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分53-545.2.2 結(jié)果與討論54-565.2.3 小結(jié)56§5.3 La_2Zr_2O7:Yb(3+)/Er(3+)納米帶的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)56-595.3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分565.3.2 結(jié)果與討論56-

17、595.3.3 小結(jié)59§5.4 La_2Zr_2O_7:Er(3+)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)59-625.4.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分59-605.4.2 結(jié)果與討論60-625.4.3 小結(jié)62§5.5 La_2Zr_2O_7:Yb(3+)/Er(3+)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)62-665.5.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分625.5.2 結(jié)果與討論62-655.5.3 小結(jié)65-66第六章 La_2Zr_2O_7:RE(3+)(RE=Eu,Tb)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)66-74§6.1 概述66§6.2 La_2Zr_2O_7:Eu(3+)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)66-706.2.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分666.2.2 結(jié)果與討論66-706.2.3 小結(jié)70§6.3 La_2Zr_2O_7:Tb(3+)納米纖維的制備與發(fā)光性質(zhì)70-746.3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分70-716.3.2 結(jié)果與討論71-736.3.3 小結(jié)73-74第